Screening for colorectal cancer: does it all start with aberrant crypt foci?

2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 1103-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaheen Rasheed ◽  
Basil Rigas
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Aberrant Crypt Foci

scholarly journals Microencapsulated Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus gasseri in Combination with Quercetin Inhibit Colorectal Cancer Development in ApcMin/+ Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4906
Author(s):  
Iván Benito ◽  
Ignacio J. Encío ◽  
Fermín I. Milagro ◽  
María Alfaro ◽  
Ana Martínez-Peñuela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Bifidobacterium Bifidum ◽  
Aberrant Crypt Foci ◽  
Intestinal Bleeding ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Colon Tissue ◽  
Lactobacillus Gasseri ◽  
Reduced Body

Recent studies have suggested that flavonoids such as quercetin and probiotics such as Bifidobacterium bifidum (Bf) and Lactobacillus gasseri (Lg) could play a relevant role in inhibiting colon cancer cell growth. Our study investigated the role of dietary supplementation with microencapsulated probiotics (Bf and Lg) along with quercetin in the development of mouse colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: Adenomatous polyposis coli/multiple intestinal neoplasia (ApcMin/+) mice were fed a standard diet or the same diet supplemented with microencapsulated probiotics (Bf and Lg strains, 107 CFU/100 g food) or both probiotics strains plus microencapsulated quercetin (15 mg/100 g food) for 73 days. Changes in body and organ weights, energy metabolism, intestinal microbiota, and colon tissue were determined. The expression of genes related to the Wnt pathway was also analyzed in colon samples. Results: Dietary supplementation with microencapsulated probiotics or microencapsulated probiotics plus quercetin reduced body weight loss and intestinal bleeding in ApcMin/+ mice. An improvement in energy expenditure was observed after 8 weeks but not after 10 weeks of treatment. A supplemented diet with microencapsulated Bf and Lg reduced the number of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and adenomas by 45% and 60%, respectively, whereas the supplementation with Bf, Lg and quercetin decreased the number of ACF and adenomas by 57% and 80%, respectively. Microencapsulated Bf and Lg in combination with quercetin could exert inhibition of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the colon of ApcMin/+ mice Conclusions: The administration of microencapsulated Bf and Lg, individually or in combination with quercetin, inhibits the CRC development in ApcMin/+ mice.

T1218 Detection of Aberrant Crypt Foci in Patients at High-Risk for Colorectal Cancer Using Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
pp. S-513-S-514
Author(s):  
Sanne Gulikers ◽  
Eveline Rondagh ◽  
Ann Driessen ◽  
Ad Masclee ◽  
Silvia Sanduleanu
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Aberrant Crypt Foci ◽  
Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser

scholarly journals Aberrant Crypt Foci Detected With High-Resolution Chromoendoscopy as Predictors of Colorectal Cancer

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 (5) ◽  
pp. S-338
Author(s):  
Maria Lopez-Ceron ◽  
Mireya Jimeno ◽  
Cristina Rodriguez de Miguel ◽  
Michel Zabalza ◽  
Virginia Alonso-Espinaco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Aberrant Crypt Foci

scholarly journals Colorectal cancer-associated microbiota contributes to oncogenic epigenetic signatures

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (48) ◽  
pp. 24285-24295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iradj Sobhani ◽  
Emma Bergsten ◽  
Séverine Couffin ◽  
Aurélien Amiot ◽  
Biba Nebbad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Aberrant Crypt Foci ◽  
Sporadic Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Gene Promoters ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Dna Alterations ◽  
Methylation Patterns ◽  
Epigenetic Signatures

Sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC) is a result of complex interactions between the host and its environment. Environmental stressors act by causing host cell DNA alterations implicated in the onset of cancer. Here we investigate the stressor ability of CRC-associated gut dysbiosis as causal agent of host DNA alterations. The epigenetic nature of these alterations was investigated in humans and in mice. Germ-free mice receiving fecal samples from subjects with normal colonoscopy or from CRC patients were monitored for 7 or 14 wk. Aberrant crypt foci, luminal microbiota, and DNA alterations (colonic exome sequencing and methylation patterns) were monitored following human feces transfer. CRC-associated microbiota induced higher numbers of hypermethylated genes in murine colonic mucosa (vs. healthy controls’ microbiota recipients). Several gene promoters including SFRP1,2,3, PENK, NPY, ALX4, SEPT9, and WIF1 promoters were found hypermethylated in CRC but not in normal tissues or effluents from fecal donors. In a pilot study (n = 266), the blood methylation levels of 3 genes (Wif1, PENK, and NPY) were shown closely associated with CRC dysbiosis. In a validation study (n = 1,000), the cumulative methylation index (CMI) of these genes was significantly higher in CRCs than in controls. Further, CMI appeared as an independent risk factor for CRC diagnosis as shown by multivariate analysis that included fecal immunochemical blood test. Consequently, fecal bacterial species in individuals with higher CMI in blood were identified by whole metagenomic analysis. Thus, CRC-related dysbiosis induces methylation of host genes, and corresponding CMIs together with associated bacteria are potential biomarkers for CRC.

Anti-inflammatory and proapoptotic effects of umbelliferone in colon carcinogenesis

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 1041-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Muthu ◽  
N Selvaraj ◽  
M Vaiyapuri
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer ◽  
Aberrant Crypt Foci ◽  
Rat Colon ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer Regions ◽  
Colon Tumorigenesis ◽  
Apoptotic Markers ◽  
Group 2

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a serious health problem throughout the world. 5-Flurouracil, the first-line chemotherapy of colorectal cancer often produces more toxicity to neighboring cells; however, it is still used for CRC treatment. To overcome this, umbelliferone (UMB), a less toxic bioflavonoid has been used to test its anticancer effects on animal model. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the anticancer activity of UMB on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced rat colon tumorigenesis to determine the development of aberrant crypt foci (ACF), agyrophylic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs), mast cell recruitment, pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and also study the expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and apoptotic markers. DMH-induced rats showed increased ACF number (incidence), multiplicity and its distribution, counts of AgNORs, mast cells, inflammatory markers and apoptotic proteins. Interestingly, UMB supplementation to DMH-induced rats (group 4) significantly ( p < 0.05) suppressed ACF development, AgNORs, mast cells, and inflammatory markers and increased the apoptotic markers as compared to DMH-induced rats (group 2). We concluded that UMB is a potential anticancer agent that can be used for the prevention and treatment of CRC.

scholarly journals Chemoprevention of Colonic Aberrant Crypt Foci by Novel Schiff Based Dichlorido(4-Methoxy-2-{[2-(Piperazin-4-Ium-1-Yl)Ethyl]Iminomethyl}Phenolate)Cd Complex in Azoxymethane-Induced Colorectal Cancer in Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Hajrezaie ◽  
Keivan Shams ◽  
Soheil Zorofchian Moghadamtousi ◽  
Hamed Karimian ◽  
Pouya Hassandarvish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Aberrant Crypt Foci

scholarly journals Andean Berry (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz) Juice in Combination With Aspirin Modulated Apoptotic Signaling in Colon Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 261-261
Author(s):  
Sandra Arango-Varela ◽  
Ivan Luzardo ◽  
Maria Maldonado-Celis
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Aberrant Crypt Foci ◽  
Apoptotic Signaling ◽  
Polyphenolic Composition ◽  
Apoptotic Effects ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives This research aimed to assess the impact of Andean Berry (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz) juice (ABJ) in combination with Aspirin in the apoptotic signaling in colon cancer in vitro and in vivo. We hypothesized that ABJ + Aspirin would produce the most effective anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects in vitro and in vivo. Methods The polyphenolic composition of ABJ was carried out by HPLC-DAD. ABJ (0–30% v/v), Aspirin (0–20 mM), and their mixture were evaluated for their pro-apoptotic effects in human SW480 colorectal cancer cells, followed by human apoptosis proteomic and bioinformatic analysis and in silico docking potential between ABJ components and selected pro-apoptotic targets. For the in vivo assays, colorectal cancer was induced with two injections (separated 1 week each) of azoxymethane (AOM: 15 mg/kg body weight, BW), and treatments were evaluated for its chemopreventive and chemoprotective effects. Hence, 30 male and female Balb/c mice were randomly divided in 5 groups: negative control (basal diet, BD); and four AOM-induced groups: positive control (BD), Aspirin (25 mg/kg BW + BD), ABJ (30% v/v in drinking water ABJ + BD), and ABJ + Aspirin (30% v/v ABJ + 25 mg/kg BW Aspirin + BD). Macroscopic and histopathological parameters were evaluated in vivo. Results The mixture displayed the highest antiproliferative effects (+46%), arrested cell cycle at the G2/M phase, decreased cloning efficiency, but reduced Caspase 3/7 activity, suggesting an alternative apoptotic pathway, compared to untreated SW480 cells. Several pro-apoptotic (cytochrome C, TNFRSF1A, Bax, and Bad) and anti-apoptotic (Hsp70/Hsp32) proteins were decreased. ABJ flavonoids (rutin and kaempferol) exhibited the highest in silico affinity with proteins like TRAILR2 or Catalase. Both chemopreventive and chemoprotective approaches showed similar body/liver weight outcomes, but the mixture displayed the strongest aberrant crypt foci reduction in vivo. The chemopreventive approach was more effective in protecting the colon from AOM. Conclusions Results suggested the potential of ABJ to reduce Aspirin use in the alleviation of colorectal cancer markers in vitro and in vivo, modulating alternate pro-apoptotic signaling. Funding Sources The funding provided by COLCIENCIAS and DGAPA-CTIC-UNAM is appreciated.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document