scholarly journals Framing the just transition: How international trade unions engage with UN climate negotiations

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 102347
Author(s):  
Adrien Thomas
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Climate Negotiations

scholarly journals From Global Unions to the Shop Floor: Trade Union Networks in Transnational Corporations in Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Framil Filho ◽  
Leonardo Mello e Silva
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Transnational Corporations ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Local Labour ◽  
Transnational Connections ◽  
Union Action ◽  
Traditional Structures ◽  
Labour Power

This article analyses the origins, development and organisation of cross-union, company-based trade union networks in transnational corporations in the metal and chemical industries in Brazil. Collectively developed by local, national, foreign and international trade union organisations, this kind of union action was introduced in the country in the early 2000s as a way to connect local labour representatives organising workers in different locations within the same company. Networks strengthen local labour power and stimulate transnational connections. Promoting solidarity among workers across multiple factories, they offer the perspective for a global unionism connected to shop-floor organisation. Despite these achievements, networks face important challenges. Power imbalances, the reliance on restrictive social dialogue arrangements and the compromise with traditional structures limit the reach of the strategy.  KEY WORDS: globalisation; trade unions; new labour transnationalism; trade union networks; Brazil

Globalisation and the dilemmas of international trade unionism

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Gumbrell-McCormick
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Trade Union Movement ◽  
Labour Movement ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
Union Movement ◽  
Economic Developments

This article presents the author's reflections on the possibilities of a restructuring of the international trade union movement, on the basis of a collective research project to mark the fiftieth anniversary of the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU) which seeks to open a debate within the movement over the lessons to be learned from its history as a guide for its future action. The most important question facing the trade union movement today is what is generally called 'globalisation', a phenomenon that goes back many years, both in terms of economic developments and labour struggles. From this perspective, the paper examines the basis for the existing divisions of the international labour movement, before going over the work of the ICFTU and of the International Trade Secretariats (ITSs) to achieve the regulation of the multinational corporations and of the international economy, and concluding on the prospects for unity of action in the unions' work around the global economy.

Union Actors and Socio-environmental Problems: The Trade Union Confederation of the Americas

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 109-124
Author(s):  
Cecilia Anigstein ◽  
Gabriela Wyczykier
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Union Movement ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Latin Americanization

The Trade Union Confederation of the Americas is analytically interesting because international trade unions have promoted the framework of a “just transition” to protect workers’ rights during the shift to sustainable energy and the response to climate change and because the confederation has undertaken something of a “Latin-Americanization” of the just-transition notion that is nurtured by the environmental/territorial turn of social struggles on the continent. The current convergence between unions and social movements (peasant, feminist, environmentalist) has contributed to an important renewal of the union movement in Latin American environmental matters. La Confederación Sindical de las Américas reviste interés analítico porque las organizaciones sindicales internacionales promovieron una “transición justa” para resituar y visibilizar a los trabajadores en las negociaciones multilaterales del clima y procesos de transición energética y porque la confederación ha emprendido una “latinoamericanización” de la noción de la “transición justa” nutrida de un giro eco-territorial de las luchas sociales en el continente. El actual proceso de convergencia entre sindicatos y movimientos sociales (campesinos, feministas, ambientalistas) ha contribuido a una importante renovación de la narrativa del movimiento sindical en materia medioambiental en América Latina.

scholarly journals La tarification douanière dans un optimum de compromis

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-431
Author(s):  
Camille Bronsard ◽  
F. Kalala Kabuya
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Open Economy ◽  
General Model ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The Other ◽  
Monopoly Power ◽  
General Context ◽  
Transactions Costs ◽  
Optimal Tariffs

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to integrate into a general model of an open economy the study of optimal wedges on domestic and foreign transactions. While it has been customary in the literature to link the analysis of domestic taxes to the provision of public goods, the model presented here views the imposition of taxes and tariffs in the general context of internal and external monopolies. As such, the paper begins with the idea of a compromised optimality. This means essentially that a modern society, while maximizing the welfare of its members, is constrained by other internal objectives such as the fact that the State shares its monopoly power with several other economic entities (for instance employers' federations, trade-unions). Thus, the mere fact of levying taxes gives a State some monopoly power which, in a sense, is similar to that of a Cournot-type monopolist who "imposes" private taxes. On the other hand, given the possibility that a country with some monopoly power in international trade could improve its situation by imposing tariffs, the analysis lends itself to the study of tariffs and taxes in the broad context of optimal wedges. To allow for this characterization, the paper incorporates into the model of normalization. As a by-product of this, a) it establishes, in terms of generalized inverses of the Slutsky matrix, a link between domestic marginal relative revenues and foreign ones; b) it defines two concepts of optimal tariffs evaluated from f.o.b. prices and c.i.f. prices; c) it suggests some further extensions such as the analysis of transactions costs, the incorporation of market retaliations and cultural characteristics of goods.

scholarly journals The Global Challenge of Human Rights and Solidarity to Nordic Global Companies and Trade Unions

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Bernt Schiller
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Global Companies ◽  
Material Interests ◽  
National Partnership

The idea that corporations, besides making profit, have a social responsibility to society is not new in history. Nor is it new that unions besides representing material interests stand for a universal ambition as defenders of the oppressed in the world. The article argues that corporations’ social responsibility and trade union solidarity, to the extent both are based on universal principles of human rights, ought to open for cooperation concerning Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), where trade unions should be recognized as important stakeholders in corporations. This idea is new, even if examples exist, and it challenges traditional concepts of the role of management and unions in the company. However, trade unions have taken a critical attitude to CSR, the implementation of which they have mainly been excluded from. Instead, they have tried to get global agreements, Global Framework Agreements (GFAs), with the MNCs.1 In the article the development of the attitudes of the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) and of the Nordic national centers is investigated. A long-term historical perspective, in addition to a general theory of collective action will be used to draft the hypothesis that, when unions as interest organizations, through the process of national integration, have achieved a strong position in the domestic labor market, they lack reasons to take transnational action and seek international trade union solidarity. This hypothesis is valid today for the well-established unions in the Nordic countries. But in questions concerning social responsibility and human rights, the article presents the possibility that GFAs might become a platform from which to extend the Nordic model of national partnership to the global level, while at the same time global competition will increasingly make it difficult for the unions to show international solidarity in interest questions of capital investments and outsourcing.

Tools for Protecting Agri-Food Markets in Trade Unions

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
E.Yu. Frolova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Food Markets ◽  
International Policy ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Regulatory Measures ◽  
The Russian Federation

Regulation of international trade relations is an essential part of international policy. The article provides a classification and describes the features of the main trade and economic unions of countries, analyzes measures and tools for organizing international trade and protecting domestic agri-food markets of countries that are members of these unions, and also reveals the principles on which their work is based. We consider the effect of certain regulatory measures for countries where food exports or imports play a significant role in their economy. Examples are given of situations in which countries or unions decide to use certain tools. The example of the Russian Federation shows how the use of tools for regulating foreign trade operations affects the domestic market and describes the obstacles that Russian food exporters may face when entering international markets.

INDEPENDENT AUDITING DEVELOPMENT TENDENCIES / NEPRIKLAUSOMO AUDITO RAIDOS TENDENCIJOS

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaclovas Lakis
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Financial Problems ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The World ◽  
Independent Auditing

Different countries of the world face some misunderstandings or even scandals concerning the inappropriate information about financial problems in different companies, which, in its turn, decreases society's confidence in independent auditing and encourages discussions on the role of auditing in economy. EU, international trade unions, governments make great efforts to improve the quality of independent auditing. The article investigates the functions of auditors, factors influencing the auditing state, the reasons for fraud of financial statements, motives and means, the efforts of international organizations and governments to improve the auditing quality and unsolved auditing problems. Santrauka Nagrinėjamos auditorių funkcijos; veiksniai, darantys įtaką audito būklei; finansinių ataskaitų klastojimo tikslai, motyvai ir priemonės; tarptautinių organizacijų ir atskirų šalių vyriausybių pastangos pagerinti audito kokybę; neišspręstos audito problemos. Daroma išvada, kad kai kurie norminiai aktai nesiderina su audito standartais ir kelia auditoriams sunkiai įvykdomų reikalavimų. Pabrėžiama, kad dėl įvairių priežasčių nepriklausomas auditas pernelyg supaprastėjo. Nepriklausomo audito raidoje ryškėja dviejopa tendencija. Viena, tarptautinės organizacijos ir atskirų šalių vyriausybės deda pastangų, kurios padeda gerinti audito kokybę. Kartu pastebima ir kita tendencija – nepriklausomas auditas pernelyg supaprastėjo, per siaurai formuluojamas audito tikslas. Taip pat audito metu atliekama kur kas daugiau procedūrų, negu reikia audito tikslui pasiekti, tačiau informacija, sukaupta per auditą, užsakovams pateikiama tik iš dalies. Rekomenduojama praplėsti audito tikslą ir procedūras, taip pat numatyti, kad visais atvejais užsakovui kartu su auditoriaus išvada būtų pateikta išsami audito ataskaita.

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