scholarly journals Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (GenX) exposure induces apoptosis in HepG2 cells

Heliyon ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. e08272
Author(s):  
Hee Joon Yoo ◽  
Min Cheol Pyo ◽  
Yoonjin Park ◽  
Bo Yong Kim ◽  
Kwang-Won Lee
Keyword(s):  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Dimer Acid ◽  
Hexafluoropropylene Oxide

scholarly journals Hexafluoropropylene Oxide Dimer Acid (GenX) Exposure Induces Apoptosis in HepG2 Cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee Joon Yoo ◽  
Min Cheol Pyo ◽  
Yoonjin Park ◽  
Bo Yong Kim ◽  
Kwang-Won Lee
Keyword(s):  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Dimer Acid ◽  
Hexafluoropropylene Oxide

scholarly journals Adverse Maternal, Fetal, and Postnatal Effects of Hexafluoropropylene Oxide Dimer Acid (GenX) from Oral Gestational Exposure in Sprague-Dawley Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 037008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin M. Conley ◽  
Christy S. Lambright ◽  
Nicola Evans ◽  
Mark J. Strynar ◽  
James McCord ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Dimer Acid ◽  
Gestational Exposure ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Hexafluoropropylene Oxide

scholarly journals Legacy and Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Analytical Techniques, Environmental Fate, and Health Effects

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 995
Author(s):  
Richard A. Brase ◽  
Elizabeth J. Mullin ◽  
David C. Spink
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Fate ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Dimer Acid ◽  
Hexafluoropropylene Oxide ◽  
Polyfluoroalkyl Substances ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Processing Aids

Due to their unique chemical properties, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been used extensively as industrial surfactants and processing aids. While several types of PFAS have been voluntarily phased out by their manufacturers, these chemicals continue to be of ecological and public health concern due to their persistence in the environment and their presence in living organisms. Moreover, while the compounds referred to as “legacy” PFAS remain in the environment, alternative compounds have emerged as replacements for their legacy predecessors and are now detected in numerous matrices. In this review, we discuss the historical uses of PFAS, recent advances in analytical techniques for analysis of these compounds, and the fate of PFAS in the environment. In addition, we evaluate current biomonitoring studies of human exposure to legacy and emerging PFAS and examine the associations of PFAS exposure with human health impacts, including cancer- and non-cancer-related outcomes. Special focus is given to short-chain perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) and ether-substituted, polyfluoroalkyl alternatives including hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA; tradename GenX), 4,8-dioxa-3H-perfluorononanoic acid (DONA), and 6:2 chlorinated polyfluoroethersulfonic acid (6:2 Cl-PFESA; tradename F-53B).

scholarly journals A Novel Determination of the Relationship Between Exposure to Industrial Toxicant HFPO-DA and pqm-1-related Aging in C. elegans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishruth Nagam
Keyword(s):  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Toxicant Exposure ◽  
E Coli ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Dimer Acid ◽  
Treated Sample ◽  
Free Living Nematode ◽  
Hexafluoropropylene Oxide

Abstract Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA, ammonium salt with trade name “GenX”) is an industrial toxicant that has recently been detected in the environment [1]. However, HFPO-DA’s potential aging-related effects on organisms of higher trophic levels, including worms and humans, have not been extensively explored. The purpose of this study is to quantify influences on C. elegans (free-living nematode) lifespan by HFPO-DA exposure, specifically via ingestion of food to simulate the mechanisms of toxicant exposure, through lower trophic-level organisms, commonly found in nature. C. elegans N2 (wild-type) samples were prepared with a uracil-based medium and E. coli OP50 (food source) at room temperature; C. elegans in the experimental, treated sample was fed E. coli OP50 incubated with 280 ng/L HFPO-DA. The target gene pqm-1 was selected due to its role in an evolutionarily conserved insulin signaling pathway and in promoting development. Molecular biology laboratory techniques (RNA extraction, qRT-PCR, fluorescence tagging, etc.) were used to quantify pqm-1 expression to yield four technical replicates for each sample. The data was analyzed through null hypothesis t-tests, heatmaps, protein interactions, and gene homology tools. HFPO-DA exposure through E. coli caused a statistically insignificant (0.811-fold) change in pqm-1-related aging in C. elegans. Future work includes investigating the effects of different levels of HFPO-DA exposure on C. elegans aging.

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