Potential of a biologically activated carbon treatment to remove organic carbon from surface waters

2020 ◽

Vol 76 (3) ◽

pp. 47-61

Author(s):

Yung-Tse Hung ◽

Abhiram Pamula ◽

Howard Paul

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Binary Mixture ◽

Surface Waters ◽

Low Cost ◽

Combined Treatment ◽

Synthetic Dyes ◽

Treatment Methods ◽

Onion Peel ◽

Peanut Hull

Removal of synthetic dyes from wastewater is essential both from the environmental and human health point of view. A small concentration of synthetic dyes can reduce water transparency and consequently influence photosynthesis and alter aquatic ecosystems. Acid black 48 is an Azo dye that falls under the category of synthetic dyes used in the textile industry. With dyes, coffee wastewater has high chemical oxygen demand (COD) that can affect dissolved oxygen (DO) in surface waters. A mixture of wastes in surface waters creates a need to investigate the efficiency of existing treatment methods and optimize them. Adsorption using activated carbon is a conventional method used to remove dyes and heavy metals from wastewater. Industries prefer efficient and economical treatment methods to meet challenging effluent standards regarding COD, BOD, and intensity of color. The adsorption process was optimized using low-cost adsorbents in the current study, including peanut hull and onion peel, to treat a binary mixture of acid black 48 and coffee wastewater. After adsorption, microfiltration was used to remove any suspended solids from the wastewater solution. The performance of combined treatment processes for the color removal of the binary mixture was analyzed and compared using transmittance and absorbance. Treatment efficiency of adsorption using low-cost adsorbents was compared with powdered activated carbon. Apart from absorbance and transmittance, non-purgeable organic carbon (NPOC) values were analyzed to determine organic carbon removal in the combined binary wastewater. Experimental results indicated that Langmuir isotherm was the best fit for a binary mixture with an optimum dosage of 1.2 g using onion peel. The regression coefficient value was 0.82, and the uptake was 58.13 mg of binary mixture per 1 g of onion peel. The effective pH for maximum uptake of acid black 48 using onion peel for adsorption was 5.7. The increasing dosage of low-cost adsorbents adsorption improved in removing binary waste of dyes and coffee waste from wastewater. Adsorption using onion peel improved adsorbent performance up to 1.2 g dosage and steadily decreased beyond that. The adsorption capacity of onion peel was comparatively higher than the peanut hull based on the linear fit.

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Tailored Granular Activated Carbon Treatment of Perchlorate in Drinking Water. ESTCP Cost and Performance Report

10.21236/ada554485 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Trent Henderson ◽

Fred Cannon

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

Granular Activated Carbon ◽

Performance Report ◽

And Performance ◽

Carbon Treatment

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Removal of Trace Metals From Wastewater by Activated Carbon

Water Quality Research Journal ◽

10.2166/wqrj.1973.009 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 110-121

Author(s):

A. Netzer ◽

J.D. Norman

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Trace Metals ◽

Organic Compounds ◽

The Other ◽

Published Data ◽

Ph Adjustment ◽

Nickel Silver ◽

Ph Range ◽

Carbon Treatment ◽

Cobalt Copper

Abstract The merits of activated carbon for removal of organic compounds from wastewater have been well documented in the literature. On the other hand there is a lack of published data on the use of activated carbon for the removal of trace metals from wastewater. Experiments were designed to assess the possibility that activated carbon treatment would remove aluminum, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, manganese, mercury, nickel, silver and zinc from wastewater. All metals studied were tested over the pH range 3-11. Greater than 99.5% removal was achieved by pH adjustment and activated carbon treatment for most of the metals tested.

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Evaluating ozone dose for AOC removal in two-step GAC filters

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1998.0347 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 37 (9) ◽

pp. 113-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

R. Vahala ◽

T. Ala-Peijari ◽

J. Rintala ◽

R. Laukkanen

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Second Step ◽

Humic Lake ◽

Short Term ◽

Feasible Method ◽

Assimilable Organic Carbon ◽

Water Treatment Plants ◽

Ozone Dose ◽

Ozonated Water

Upgrading an existing post-ozonation plant with two-step granular activated carbon (GAC) filtration for assimilable organic carbon (AOC) removal was studied. The effects of ozone dose on AOC formation and its removal in the subsequent two-step GAC filtration was studied using chemically pretreated 2 to 14° C humic lake water. Two parallel pilot-plant trains with different ozone doses (0 to 1.2 mgO3/mgTOC) and a short-term ozonation study were performed. The optimum ozone dose for maximum AOC formation was 0.4–0.5 mgO3/mgTOC. The AOC-P17 of ozonated water was three-fold higher and AOC-NOX over ten-fold higher than in non-ozonated water, while the following biofiltration (first step) removed 51% and 72% of AOC-P17 and AOC-NOX, respectively. The adsorber (second step) contributed to less than 10% of the overall AOC reduction. It appeared that biofiltration is a feasible method in upgrading water treatment plants for AOC removal even when treating cold humic waters, while the subsequent adsorber seems to have less significance for AOC removal.

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New Biology for Advanced Wastewater Treatment

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1999.0585 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 40 (4-5) ◽

pp. 137-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

K. Miserez ◽

S. Philips ◽

W. Verstraete

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Genetically Modified Organisms ◽

New Technologies ◽

Chemical Oxidation ◽

Advanced Treatment ◽

Biological Activated Carbon ◽

Catabolic Potential ◽

New Biology

A number of new technologies for the advanced treatment of wastewater have recently been developed. The oxidative cometabolic transformation by methanotrophs and by nitrifiers represent new approaches in relation to organic carbon. The Biological Activated Carbon Oxidative Filters characterized by thin biofilms are also promising in that respect. Moreover, implementing genetically modified organisms with improved catabolic potential in advanced water treatment comes into perspective. For very refractory effluents chemical support techniques, like e.g. strong chemical oxidation, can be lined up with advanced biology.

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Disinfection byproduct formation from algal organic matters after ozonation or ozone combined with activated carbon treatment with subsequent chlorination

Journal of Environmental Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.jes.2020.12.009 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 104 ◽

pp. 233-241

Author(s):

Qiufeng Lin ◽

Feilong Dong ◽

Cong Li ◽

Junkui Cui

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Organic Matters ◽

Disinfection Byproduct ◽

Byproduct Formation ◽

Carbon Treatment

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Digital Smoke Taint Detection in Pinot Grigio Wines Using an E-Nose and Machine Learning Algorithms Following Treatment with Activated Carbon and a Cleaving Enzyme

Fermentation ◽

10.3390/fermentation7030119 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 119

Author(s):

Vasiliki Summerson ◽

Claudia Gonzalez Viejo ◽

Damir D. Torrico ◽

Alexis Pang ◽

Sigfredo Fuentes

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

Low Cost ◽

Aroma Compounds ◽

Machine Learning Algorithms ◽

Enzyme Treatment ◽

Mean Values ◽

Volatile Aroma ◽

Carbon Treatment ◽

Volatile Aroma Compounds

The incidence and intensity of bushfires is increasing due to climate change, resulting in a greater risk of smoke taint development in wine. In this study, smoke-tainted and non-smoke-tainted wines were subjected to treatments using activated carbon with/without the addition of a cleaving enzyme treatment to hydrolyze glycoconjugates. Chemical measurements and volatile aroma compounds were assessed for each treatment, with the two smoke taint amelioration treatments exhibiting lower mean values for volatile aroma compounds exhibiting positive ‘fruit’ aromas. Furthermore, a low-cost electronic nose (e-nose) was used to assess the wines. A machine learning model based on artificial neural networks (ANN) was developed using the e-nose outputs from the unsmoked control wine, unsmoked wine with activated carbon treatment, unsmoked wine with a cleaving enzyme plus activated carbon treatment, and smoke-tainted control wine samples as inputs to classify the wines according to the smoke taint amelioration treatment. The model displayed a high overall accuracy of 98% in classifying the e-nose readings, illustrating it may be a rapid, cost-effective tool for winemakers to assess the effectiveness of smoke taint amelioration treatment by activated carbon with/without the use of a cleaving enzyme. Furthermore, the use of a cleaving enzyme coupled with activated carbon was found to be effective in ameliorating smoke taint in wine and may help delay the resurgence of smoke aromas in wine following the aging and hydrolysis of glycoconjugates.

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