The impact of protein standardisation with liquid or powdered milk permeate on the rheological properties of skim milk concentrates

This research aims to analyze the impact of sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) as a rheological modifier of concentrated kaolin slurries in seawater at pH 8, which is characteristic of copper sulfide processing operations. The dispersion phenomenon was analyzed through chord length measurements using the focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) technique, complementing size distributions in unweighted and square-weighted modes. The reduction of the rheological properties was significant, decreasing from 231 Pa in a reagent-free environment to 80 Pa after the application of STPP. A frequency sweep in a linear viscoelastic regime indicated that by applying a characteristic dosage of 0.53 kg/t of STPP, the pulp before yielding increases its phase angle, which increases its liquid-like character. Measurements of the chord length verified the dispersion of particles, which showed an apparent increase in the proportion of fine particles and a reduction of the coarser aggregates when STPP was applied. Measurements of the zeta potential suggested that the high anionic charge of the reagent (pentavalent) increases the electrostatic repulsions between particles, overcoming the effect of cations in seawater. The results are relevant for the mining industry, especially when the deposits have high contents of complex gangues, such as clays, that increase the rheological properties. This increases the energy costs and water consumption needed for pumping the tailings from thickeners to the tailing storages facilities. The strategies that allow for the improvement of the fluidity and deformation of the tailings generate slack in order to maximize water recovery in the thickening stages.

Download Full-text

Modelling of motorway bridge spans under modernization with consideration of rheological properties of the materials

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201823404004 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 234 ◽

pp. 04004 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Alexey Lobiak ◽

Andrii Plugin ◽

Larisa Kravtsiv ◽

Oksana Kovalova

Keyword(s):

Rheological Properties ◽

Computer Modelling ◽

Concrete Slab ◽

Kinetic Curve ◽

Modelling Technique ◽

Reinforced Concrete Slab ◽

Program Complex ◽

Building Information ◽

Lev Landau ◽

The Impact

The paper presents a computer modelling technique for modernization of bridgework operations by building-up a mounted reinforced concrete slab. It implements the technique of the evolutionary transformation of a model in one calculation cycle with redistribution of forces between the elements of the built-up section, and consideration of the impact of elastoplastic and rheological properties of the materials. Consideration of the concrete creep implies the application of the generalized kinetic curve of prolonged deformation and phenomenological deformation development equations based on the colloid-chemical concept of the prolonged concrete deformation mechanism. The creep control was implemented through new structural coefficients which determined the structure of matrix interlayers between the sand grains, and mortar between the crushed stone grains. The technique proposed was realized in the program complex “LIRA-SAPR” based on the building information modelling (BIM) and the finite element method (FEM). The multistage modelling technique was shown by an example of calculation of a motorway bridge slab span within the transport structures under modernization along the Lev Landau Avenue in Kharkiv (Ukraine).

Download Full-text

DYNAMICS OF DAIRY PRODUCTS CONSUMPTION IN POLAND AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF THE EU

Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development ◽

10.17306/j.jard.2020.01296 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Piotr Bórawski ◽

Mariola Grzybowska-Brzezińska ◽

James Willam Dunn

Keyword(s):

Dairy Products ◽

Consumer Preferences ◽

Skim Milk ◽

Ice Cream ◽

Powdered Milk ◽

Milk Products ◽

Average Consumption ◽

Per Capita Consumption ◽

Milk And Dairy Products ◽

The Eu

Consumption is among the key determinants of milk production and profitability. The main purpose of this paper is to present the level of and changes in milk and dairy products consumption in the EU in 2004–2018. Due to changing consumer preferences, the average consumption of milk and milk products in EU countries is on an increase. In turn, Poland witnesses growth in consumption of milk for ripening and processed cheese and yogurt. In 2004–2017, per capita consumption of ice cream, cheese and powdered milk followed a downward trend. In order to examine changes in the consumption of milk and milk products, a forecast was prepared which shows that in 2018–2022, Poland will experience an increase in the average monthly consumption of milk, ice cream and cheese. On the other hand, the EU will report growth in consumption of fresh dairy products, butter, cheese, skim milk and powdered milk, and a decrease in casein consumption.

Download Full-text

Comparative Analysis of the Effect of Barite and Hematite on the Rheology of Water-Based Drilling Mud

10.53902/tpe.2021.01.000508 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Osei H

Keyword(s):

Rheological Properties ◽

Drilling Fluid ◽

Attrition Rate ◽

Drilling Mud ◽

Cleaning Efficiency ◽

Drilling Operation ◽

Water Based ◽

Petroleum Resources ◽

Drilling Muds ◽

The Impact

High demand for oil and gas has led to exploration of more petroleum resources even at remote areas. The petroleum resources are found in deeper subsurface formations and drilling into such formations requires a well-designed drilling mud with suitable rheological properties in order to avoid or reduce associated drilling problems. This is because rheological properties of drilling muds have considerable effect on the drilling operation and cleaning of the wellbore. Mud engineers therefore use mud additives to influence the properties and functions of the drilling fluid to obtain the desired drilling mud properties especially rheological properties. This study investigated and compared the impact of barite and hematite as weighting agents for water-based drilling muds and their influence on the rheology. Water-based muds of different concentrations of weighting agents (5%, 10%, 15% and 20% of the total weight of the drilling mud) were prepared and their rheological properties determined at an ambient temperature of 24ᵒC to check their impact on drilling operation. The results found hematite to produce higher mud density, plastic viscosity, gel strength and yield point when compared to barite at the same weighting concentrations. The higher performance of the hematite-based muds might be attributed to it having higher specific gravity, better particle distribution and lower particle attrition rate and more importantly being free from contaminants. The water-based muds with hematite will therefore be more promising drilling muds with higher drilling and hole cleaning efficiency than those having barite.

Download Full-text

Effect of magnesium oxysulfate (MOS) morphology on the crystallization, mechanical, and rheological properties of polypropylene/MOS composites

Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials ◽

10.1177/0892705718772890 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (5) ◽

pp. 710-726 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Li Dang ◽

Xueying Nai ◽

Xin Liu ◽

Zhihui Lv ◽

Wu Li

Keyword(s):

Rheological Properties ◽

Polarized Light ◽

Mechanical Tests ◽

Melt Blending ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Small Amplitude Oscillatory Shear ◽

Blending Method ◽

Magnesium Oxysulfate ◽

Significant Yield ◽

The Impact

Polypropylene (PP) composites containing magnesium oxysulfate particle (MOSp), magnesium oxysulfate whisker (MOSw), or magnesium oxysulfate sector (MOSs) were prepared via melt blending method. Scanning electron microscopy results showed that three magnesium oxysulfate (MOS) fillers all dispersed homogeneously in PP matrix and displayed vague and fuzzy interfaces. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WXRD) patterns showed that MOSp induced the most amount of β-PP, which was supported by polarized light microscopy (PLM) photographs. Moreover, PLM photographs also showed that the presence of MOSp, MOSw, or MOSw decreased the PP spherulites, especially for MOSp. As such, mechanical tests showed that incorporation of MOSp into PP matrix greatly improved the impact strength and least lowered the nominal strain at break. The yield strength and Young’s modulus of composites were greatly enhanced with MOSw. Two possible reasons for this phenomenon are rigidity of MOSw and microstructure of composites. Rheological properties were measured via small amplitude oscillatory shear. The results showed that PP melts containing MOSw exhibited significant yield stress and “shear-thinning” behaviors, which indicated the formation of MOSw network and the transition from “liquid-like” PP matrix to “solid-like” composites. The rheological results greatly proved the enhancement in tensile properties of MOSw-incorporated composites.

Download Full-text

The effects of casein and whey proteins on the rheological properties of calcium-induced skim milk gels

International Dairy Journal ◽

10.1016/j.idairyj.2020.104893 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 113 ◽

pp. 104893

Author(s):

L. Lin ◽

H.E. Oh ◽

H.C. Deeth ◽

M. Wong

Keyword(s):

Rheological Properties ◽

Whey Proteins ◽

Skim Milk

Download Full-text

Physical Principles Underlying the Complex Biology of Intracellular Phase Transitions

Annual Review of Biophysics ◽

10.1146/annurev-biophys-121219-081629 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 107-133 ◽

Cited By ~ 74

Author(s):

Jeong-Mo Choi ◽

Alex S. Holehouse ◽

Rohit V. Pappu

Keyword(s):

Phase Transitions ◽

Rheological Properties ◽

Recent Work ◽

Driving Forces ◽

Rna Molecules ◽

Associative Polymers ◽

Different Types ◽

Condensate Formation ◽

The Impact ◽

Physical Principles

Many biomolecular condensates appear to form via spontaneous or driven processes that have the hallmarks of intracellular phase transitions. This suggests that a common underlying physical framework might govern the formation of functionally and compositionally unrelated biomolecular condensates. In this review, we summarize recent work that leverages a stickers-and-spacers framework adapted from the field of associative polymers for understanding how multivalent protein and RNA molecules drive phase transitions that give rise to biomolecular condensates. We discuss how the valence of stickers impacts the driving forces for condensate formation and elaborate on how stickers can be distinguished from spacers in different contexts. We touch on the impact of sticker- and spacer-mediated interactions on the rheological properties of condensates and show how the model can be mapped to known drivers of different types of biomolecular condensates.

Download Full-text