scholarly journals Fulminant ecchymosis as the initial manifestation of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) triggered by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection: A case report and review of the literature

IDCases ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Jun Makino ◽  
Sanjana Koshy ◽  
Sonal Bajaj ◽  
Young-Gwang Jeong ◽  
David C. Perlman
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Initial Manifestation ◽  
Rsv Infection ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Ribavirin. Red Book Committee Recommendations Questioned

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-319
Author(s):  
Ian Mitchell ◽  
Ari Joffe ◽  
C. J.L. Newth
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Collaborative Network ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Advertising Campaign ◽  
Detailed Review ◽  
Rsv Infection ◽  
Syncytial Virus

We wrote this letter to comment on the recently published guidelines on the use of ribavirin for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection,1 and to commend the commentary provided by Drs Wald and Dashefsky questioning these recommendations.2 In addition we point out the recent advertising campaign by ICN Canada where it is claimed that the Pediatric Investigators Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada (PICNIC) studies3,4 show "widespread underutilization" of ribavirin for RSV bronchiolitis,5 a conclusion not supported by detailed review of the literature.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Safety and Immune Efficacy of Recombinant Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Strain Long Live Attenuated Vaccine Candidates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Nan Wang ◽  
Xiang-Lei Peng ◽  
Min Xu ◽  
Yuan-Bo Zheng ◽  
Yue-Ying Jiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Gene Deletion ◽  
Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
T7 Promoter ◽  
Vaccine Candidates ◽  
Rsv Infection ◽  
Syncytial Virus

AbstractHuman respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract illness (LRTI), and no vaccine against LRTI has proven to be safe and effective in infants. Our study assessed attenuated recombinant RSVs as vaccine candidates to prevent RSV infection in mice. The constructed recombinant plasmids harbored (5′ to 3′) a T7 promoter, hammerhead ribozyme, RSV Long strain antigenomic cDNA with cold-passaged (cp) mutations or cp combined with temperature-sensitive attenuated mutations from the A2 strain (A2cpts) or further combined with SH gene deletion (A2cptsΔSH), HDV ribozyme (δ), and a T7 terminator. These vectors were subsequently co-transfected with four helper plasmids encoding N, P, L, and M2-1 viral proteins into BHK/T7-9 cells, and the recovered viruses were then passaged in Vero cells. The rescued recombinant RSVs (rRSVs) were named rRSV-Long/A2cp, rRSV-Long/A2cpts, and rRSV-Long/A2cptsΔSH, respectively, and stably passaged in vitro, without reversion to wild type (wt) at sites containing introduced mutations or deletion. Although rRSV-Long/A2cpts and rRSV-Long/A2cptsΔSH displayed  temperature-sensitive (ts) phenotype in vitro and in vivo, all rRSVs were significantly attenuated in vivo. Furthermore, BALB/c mice immunized with rRSVs produced Th1-biased immune response, resisted wtRSV infection, and were free from enhanced respiratory disease. We showed that the combination of ΔSH with attenuation (att) mutations of cpts contributed to improving att phenotype, efficacy, and gene stability of rRSV. By successfully introducing att mutations and SH gene deletion into the RSV Long parent and producing three rRSV strains, we have laid an important foundation for the development of RSV live attenuated vaccines.

scholarly journals Respiratory Syncytial Virus Immunoprophylaxis with Palivizumab: 12-Year Observational Study of Usage and Outcomes in Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Mitchell ◽  
Abby Li ◽  
Candice L. Bjornson ◽  
Krista L. Lanctot ◽  
Bosco A. Paes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Burden Of Illness ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Smoking Exposure ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Rsv Infection ◽  
History Of ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Airway Anomalies

Objective This study aimed to evaluate palivizumab (PVZ) use, trends in indications, and outcomes of respiratory illness hospitalizations (RIH) and respiratory syncytial virus hospitalizations (RSVH). Study Design It involves a large, Canadian prospective (2005–2017) observational multicenter study of children at high risk for RSV infection. Results A total of 25,003 infants (56.3% male) were enrolled at 32 sites; 109,579 PVZ injections were administered. Indications included: prematurity (63.3%); “miscellaneous” (17.8%); hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease (10.5%); bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease (8.4%). The “miscellaneous” group increased over time (4.4% in 2005–2006 to 22.5% in 2016–2017) and included: trisomy 21, airway anomalies, pulmonary disorders, cystic fibrosis, neurological impairments, immunocompromised, cardiac aged >2 years, multiple conditions, and a residual “unclassified” group. Adherence measured by expected versus actual doses plus correct interdose interval was 64.7%. A total of 2,054 RIH occurred (6.9%); 198 (9.6%) required intubation. Three hundred thirty-seven hospitalized children were RSV-positive (overall RSVH 1.6%). Risk factors for RSVH included having siblings, attending daycare, family history of atopy, smoking exposure, and crowded household. Infants with 5 risk factors were 9.0 times (95% CI or confidence interval 4.4–18.2; p < 0.0005) more likely to have RSVH than infants without risk factors. Three adverse events occurred; none were fatal. Conclusion Results are relevant to both clinicians and decision-makers. We confirmed the safety of PVZ. Use of PVZ increased steadily for children with miscellaneous conditions and medical complexity. Medical and social factors pose a risk for severe RIH and RSVH with accompanying burden of illness. A vaccine that protects against RSV is urgently required. Key Points

scholarly journals Respiratory syncytial virus in severe lower respiratory infections in previously healthy young Ethiopian infants

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abate Yeshidinber Weldetsadik ◽  
Frank Riedel
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Clinical Parameter ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Rsv Infection ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Abstract Background Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is the commonest cause of acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) in infants. However, the burden of RSV is unknown in Ethiopia. We aimed to determine the prevalence, seasonality and predictors of RSV infection in young infants with ALRI for the first time in Ethiopia. Methods We performed RSV immuno-chromatographic assay from nasopharyngeal swabs of infants, 29 days to 6 months of age. We included the first 10 eligible infants in each month from June 2018 to May 2019 admitted in a tertiary pediatric center. Clinical, laboratory and imaging data were also collected, and chi-square test and regression were used to assess associated factors with RSV infection. Results Among a total of 117 study children, 65% were male and mean age was 3 months. Bronchiolitis was the commonest diagnosis (49%). RSV was isolated from 26 subjects (22.2%) of all ALRI, 37% of bronchiolitis and 11% of pneumonia patients. Although RSV infection occurred year round, highest rate extended from June to November. No clinical or laboratory parameter predicted RSV infection and only rainy season (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 10.46 [95%. C.I. 1.95, 56.18]) was independent predictor of RSV infection. Conclusions RSV was isolated in a fifth of young infants with severe ALRI, mostly in the rainy season. Diagnosis of RSV infection in our setting require specific tests as no clinical parameter predicted RSV infection. Since RSV caused less than a quarter of ALRI in our setting, the other causes should be looked for in future studies.

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