Estimating nickel exposure in respirable dust from nickel in inhalable dust

2021 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
pp. 113838
Author(s):  
Cornelia Wippich ◽  
Dorothea Koppisch ◽  
Katrin Pitzke ◽  
Dietmar Breuer
Keyword(s):  
Respirable Dust ◽  
Inhalable Dust ◽  
Nickel Exposure

INHALABLE AND RESPIRABLE DUST FROM COAL-FIRED POWER PLANT

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (30) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamzani Affendy Mohd Din ◽  
Rashidi Othman ◽  
Nik Nurul Hidayah Nik Yahya ◽  
Norsyamimi Hanapi
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Respirable Dust ◽  
The Public ◽  
Inhalable Dust ◽  
Cyclone Sampler

Among the anthropogenic air pollutant that lead to the global warming, this research focuses on the inhalable dust and respirable dust that comes from the emissions of coal. Recently, the demand of electricity supply in Malaysiais raising and leads to the diversification of its resources towards the non-renewable energy. Coal-fired power plant emission had been recognized as one of the manmade sources of particulate matter. 8-hours personal particulate matter sampling had been done at a coal-fired power plant with 7-hole sampler at 2 L/min air flow and cyclone sampler at 2.2 L/min air flow. This study found that 96.78 % of the result from total inhalable dust exceeds the PM10DOE Malaysia standard of 0.15mg/m3. The percentage ratio of respirable towards total inhalable dust is 50.25%. Further analysis showed that as the temperature increases, the particulate matter concentration also increases. It is believed that the smaller particles offer higher degree of human health risk. The particulate from coal with aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 micron and lesser can be deposited into deeper part of lung and provide adverse health impact towards the public or residence of surrounding coal-fired power plant location area, generally and coal-fired power plant workers, in specific.

scholarly journals METALS IN RESPIRABLE AND INHALABLE DUST AT EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamzani Affendy Mohd Din ◽  
Rashidi Othman ◽  
Nik Nurul Hidayah Nik Yahya
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Respirable Dust ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Air Exposure ◽  
Exposure Limit ◽  
Inhalable Dust

Haze episode has always becomes the one of the common reasons for emergency closing of school. Unique approach had been used to collect and examine the toxic metal of the respirable and inhalable dust by combining the latest personal cyclone and seven-hole head sampler together with the latest spectrometer of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in a single framework. Iron is found significantly different with the highest concentration at 107.895 ng m-3. The mean ranges of metal in respirable dust found in educational institutions are between 0.005 and 78.629 ng m-3. The findings of this research seen the amount of respirable dust exceeds more than 21.13 per cent than inhalable dust. Analysed metals found are not exceeding the ambient air exposure limit established by Department of Environment Malaysia. Hence, it is understood that the outdoor atmospheric environments of Malaysian educational institutions are non-hazardous for both visitors and occupiers (students and personnel). The high level of iron signify that it is safe for the crossing of children to have a traffic light in front of the school, but the idling of motor vehicles emitted more pollutant that risks health of the school children, teachers and officers. These suggest that when there are schools, there shall be constructed of flyover crossing for long term solution or with certain distance to traffic sources.

scholarly journals METAL EXPOSURE IN RESPIRABLE & INHALABLE DUST BY THE LOCALITY OF COAL-FIRED POWER PLANT

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamzani Affendy Mohd Din ◽  
Rashidi Othman ◽  
Nik Nurul Hidayah Nik Yahya
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Respirable Dust ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Combustion Source ◽  
Exposure Limit ◽  
Inhalable Dust ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
New Research ◽  
And Control

The surrounding area of the coal-fired power plant are mostly exposed to its chemical contents. The world has witnessed multicases relevant to mortality due to overexposure to coal materials. However, these factor have not been faced by the Malaysians. Still, it is significant to monitor and control the coal-fired power plant exposure. This research aims to identify the dominant metal within the radius of a coal-fired power plant combustion source point. The inhalable and respirable dust are being collected then analysed and calculated its Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL). Later, health impact knowledge is being synchronize withthe obtained data. Hence, built environment at the radius 5km, 10km, 15km and 20km were being observed as well as inhalable and respirable dust. The data was analysed using the ICPMS (Nexion 300x) to trace the concentrations of metals. The metals include Ba, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn. Generally, the results showed that the total of respirable towards inhalable dust ratio of metal concentration found at Manjung was 88.62%. The highest concentration found inIron was at 4.710 ng m-3 for respirable dust and Zinc for inhalable dust at 7.387 ng m-3; thus, claiming both Iron and Zinc as the dominant metals in Manjung. The pattern of metals concentration found in this research proven that the FGD and ESPs application in Manjung coal-fired power plant contributed in reducing the airborne particles emissions. However, the PEL calculations showed exceeding limits of metals found on site. Hence affecting the human respiratory, cardiovascular and nervous systems. Therefore, new research in developing the policy for the construction of the coal-fired power plant, especially within the radius of residential and public area are in significant need.

scholarly journals Exposure Assessment To Inhalable And Respirable Dust In The Post-Earthquake Construction Sites In The City Of L’aquila 

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Mastrantonio ◽  
Angela Civisca ◽  
Tamara Lippolis ◽  
Enrica Inglese ◽  
Eugenio Siciliano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Crystalline Silica ◽  
Dust Concentration ◽  
Respirable Dust ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Silica Dust ◽  
Work Tasks ◽  
Inhalable Dust ◽  
The City

Abstract Following an earthquake occurred in the middle Italy in 2009, the involved territory hosted in ten years thousands of construction sites. The aim of this study is to assess the chemical exposure of the construction workers involved in the reconstruction of the city. To assess the exposure we collected 91 air samples to quantify the occupational exposure to airborne dusts and free crystalline silica dusts. Six construction companies joined the study and hosted the air sampling activities. We identified 4 work tasks: bricklayer and similar; scaffolder and carpenter; manual demolition; other tasks. Personal air sampling was performed by using the SKC AirCheck XR5000 sample pumps. Respirable dust and respirable crystalline silica dusts were collected by using a GS-3 Cyclones and 25 mm PVC filters; inhalable dust was collected by using a I.O.M. sampler and 25 mm PVC filters. The analyses were carried out by using gravimetric determination. Sampling time varied from 4 to 8 hours. The geometric mean values of inhalable dust concentration for the work tasks was: 3,65 mg/m 3 for scaffolder and carpenter; 18,16 mg/m 3 for manual demolition workers; 8,76 mg/m 3 for bricklayer and similar; 6,33 mg/m 3 for other work tasks. The geometric mean values of respirable dust concentration for the work tasks was: 0,67 mg/m 3 for scaffolder and carpenter; 0,92 mg/m 3 for manual demolition workers; 0,72 mg/m 3 for bricklayer and similar; 0,45 mg/m 3 for other work tasks. About the Crystalline Free Silica dust exposure, the average concentration in mg/m 3 was: 0,0038 for manual demolition workers, 0,0057 for scaffolder and carpenter, 0,004 for bricklayer and similar, 0,0035 for other tasks. The comparison of the results shows that manual demolition workers are exposed to considerably high levels of inhalable dusts, exceeding the ACGIH TLV-TWA limit of 10 mg/m 3 . About the respirable dust concentration, none of the work tasks dust concentration exceeded the ACGIH TLV-TWA limit of 3 mg/m 3 . Measurements of crystalline silica dust have shown levels below the threshold limit value of 0,025 mg/m 3 . This is in line with the average concentrations of respirable dust.

scholarly journals INHALABLE AND RESPIRABLE DUST CONCENTRATION OF SOILED STONE, METAL AND CERAMIC ARTEFACT INSIDE NATIONAL MUSEUM MALAYSIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamzani Affendy Mohd Din ◽  
Nur Baiti Mat Husin ◽  
Rashidi Othman
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Airborne Particulate Matter ◽  
Respirable Dust ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
National Museum ◽  
Key Indicator ◽  
Inhalable Dust ◽  
Construction Activity ◽  
Cyclone Sampler ◽  
Particulates Matter

Airborne particulate matter is a key indicator of air pollution brought into the air by a variety of natural and human activities. As it can travel in distances and suspended in the atmosphere, it affects human health and museum artefact. The primary idea of this paper is to discuss the mass concentration of airborne particulates matter in terms of inhalable and respirable dust from the stone, metal and ceramic display showcase. The fluctuation of temperature and relative humidity, the museum cleaning activity, the usage of HVAC system and construction activity affect the soiling defect of stone, metal and ceramic artefact. The approach selected to collect primary data for this research is by conducting case study at the National Museum of Malaysia. Personal air sampling was conducted using Casella 7-Holes and Cyclone sampler head. Results revealed high abundances of inhalable dust at stone and ceramic artefact both in Galley A and B. This study is beneficial towards the Jabatan Muzium Malaysia (JMM), Department of Environment (DOE), Ministry of Health (MOH) and Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE) by emphasising that reducing air pollution will reduce soiling defect of the museum artefact. Thus, it can reduce government expenses to the museum management towards cleaning procedure for the damaged artefact.

scholarly journals METAL EXPOSURE IN RESPIRABLE & INHALABLE DUST BY THE LOCALITY OF COAL-FIRED POWER PLANT

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamzani Affendy Mohd Din ◽  
Rashidi Othman ◽  
Nik Nurul Hidayah Nik Yahya
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Respirable Dust ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Combustion Source ◽  
Exposure Limit ◽  
Inhalable Dust ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
New Research ◽  
And Control

The surrounding area of the coal-fired power plant are mostly exposed to its chemical contents. The world has witnessed multicases relevant to mortality due to overexposure to coal materials. However, these factor have not been faced by the Malaysians. Still, it is significant to monitor and control the coal-fired power plant exposure. This research aims to identify the dominant metal within the radius of a coal-fired power plant combustion source point. The inhalable and respirable dust are being collected then analysed and calculated its Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL). Later, health impact knowledge is being synchronize withthe obtained data. Hence, built environment at the radius 5km, 10km, 15km and 20km were being observed as well as inhalable and respirable dust. The data was analysed using the ICPMS (Nexion 300x) to trace the concentrations of metals. The metals include Ba, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn. Generally, the results showed that the total of respirable towards inhalable dust ratio of metal concentration found at Manjung was 88.62%. The highest concentration found inIron was at 4.710 ng m-3 for respirable dust and Zinc for inhalable dust at 7.387 ng m-3; thus, claiming both Iron and Zinc as the dominant metals in Manjung. The pattern of metals concentration found in this research proven that the FGD and ESPs application in Manjung coal-fired power plant contributed in reducing the airborne particles emissions. However, the PEL calculations showed exceeding limits of metals found on site. Hence affecting the human respiratory, cardiovascular and nervous systems. Therefore, new research in developing the policy for the construction of the coal-fired power plant, especially within the radius of residential and public area are in significant need.

Concentrations and Size Distribution of Inhalable and Respirable Dust Among Sugar Industry Workers

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 967-979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pornpun Sakunkoo ◽  
Naesinee Chaiear ◽  
Chalermchai Chaikittiporn ◽  
Steven Sadhra
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Respirable Dust ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Engineering Designs ◽  
Inhalable Dust ◽  
High Concentrations

There has been very limited information regarding bagasse exposure among workers in sugar industries as well as on health outcomes. The authors determined the occupational exposure of sugar industry workers in Khon Kaen to airborne bagasse dust. The size of the bagasse dust ranged from 0.08 to 9 µm with the highest size concentration of 2.1 to 4.7 µm. The most common size had a geometric mean diameter of 5.2 µm, with a mass concentration of 6.89 mg/m3/log µm. The highest mean values of inhalable and respirable dust were found to be 9.29 mg/m3 from February to April in bagasse storage, 5.12 mg/m3 from May to September, and 4.12 mg/m3 from October to January. Inhalable dust concentrations were 0.33, 0.47, and 0.41 mg/m3, respectively. Workers are likely to be exposed to high concentrations of bagasse dust and are at risk of respiratory diseases. Preventive measures, both in the form of engineering designs and personal protective devices, should be implemented.

scholarly journals Estimating Respirable Dust Exposure from Inhalable Dust Exposure

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelia Wippich ◽  
Jörg Rissler ◽  
Dorothea Koppisch ◽  
Dietmar Breuer
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Respirable Dust ◽  
Dust Exposure ◽  
Power Functions ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Inhalable Dust ◽  
High Temperature Processing

Abstract In the sector of occupational safety and health only a limited amount of studies are concerned with the conversion of inhalable to respirable dust. This conversion is of high importance for retrospective evaluations of exposure levels or of occupational diseases. For this reason a possibility to convert inhalable into respirable dust is discussed in this study. To determine conversion functions from inhalable to respirable dust fractions, 15 120 parallel measurements in the exposure database MEGA (maintained at the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health of the German Social Accident Insurance) are investigated by regression analysis. For this purpose, the whole data set is split into the influencing factors working activity and material. Inhalable dust is the most important predictor variable and shows an adjusted coefficient of determination of 0.585 (R2 adjusted to sample size). Further improvement of the model is gained, when the data set is split into six working activities and three material groups (e.g. high temperature processing, adj. R2 = 0.668). The combination of these two variables leads to a group of data concerned with high temperature processing with metal, which gives rise to a better description than the whole data set (adj. R2 = 0.706). Although it is not possible to refine these groups further systematically, seven improved groups are formed by trial and error, with adj. R2 between 0.733 and 0.835: soldering, casting (metalworking), welding, high temperature cutting, blasting, chiseling/embossing, and wire drawing. The conversion functions for the seven groups are appropriate candidates for data reconstruction and retrospective exposure assessment. However, this is restricted to a careful analysis of the working conditions. All conversion functions are power functions with exponents between 0.454 and 0.946. Thus, the present data do not support the assumption that respirable and inhalable dust are linearly correlated in general.

scholarly journals METALS IN RESPIRABLE AND INHALABLE DUST AT EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamzani Affendy Mohd Din ◽  
Rashidi Othman ◽  
Nik Nurul Hidayah Nik Yahya
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Respirable Dust ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Air Exposure ◽  
Exposure Limit ◽  
Inhalable Dust

Haze episode has always becomes the one of the common reasons for emergency closing of school. Unique approach had been used to collect and examine the toxic metal of the respirable and inhalable dust by combining the latest personal cyclone and seven-hole head sampler together with the latest spectrometer of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in a single framework. Iron is found significantly different with the highest concentration at 107.895 ng m-3. The mean ranges of metal in respirable dust found in educational institutions are between 0.005 and 78.629 ng m-3. The findings of this research seen the amount of respirable dust exceeds more than 21.13 per cent than inhalable dust. Analysed metals found are not exceeding the ambient air exposure limit established by Department of Environment Malaysia. Hence, it is understood that the outdoor atmospheric environments of Malaysian educational institutions are non-hazardous for both visitors and occupiers (students and personnel). The high level of iron signify that it is safe for the crossing of children to have a traffic light in front of the school, but the idling of motor vehicles emitted more pollutant that risks health of the school children, teachers and officers. These suggest that when there are schools, there shall be constructed of flyover crossing for long term solution or with certain distance to traffic sources.

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