Determination of hydrogen compatibility for solution-treated austenitic stainless steels based on a newly proposed nickel-equivalent equation

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (33) ◽  
pp. 15095-15100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Setsuo Takaki ◽  
Shigenobu Nanba ◽  
Kazunari Imakawa ◽  
Arnaud Macadre ◽  
Junichiro Yamabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Solution Treated ◽  
Equivalent Equation ◽  
Nickel Equivalent

Study on the Effects of Heat Treatments on the Physical and Mechanical Characteristics of 1.4301 Stainless Steel

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Maria Stoicănescu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Hot Plastic Deformation ◽  
Improved Characteristics ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Characteristics

The 1.4301 stainless steel is part of the category of austenitic stainless steels, steels which do no undergo heat treatments in general, as they are intended for hot plastic deformation in particular. The aim of the research presented in this paper was to obtain significantly improved characteristics of the resistance properties in relation to the values obtained under classical conditions, by applying heat treatments. Samples taken from the delivery state material underwent annealing, quenching and ageing heat treatments. Subsequently, the samples thus treated were subjected to tests enabling the determination of the correlations between the heat treatment parameters, the structure and the properties.

Thermal Influences on Deep Drawing Process of Ferritic and Metastable Austenitic Stainless Steels

2013 ◽  
Vol 769 ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Deep Drawing ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Forming Limit ◽  
Martensite Formation ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
High Dependency ◽  
Forming Tools ◽  
Forming Limit Curves

Sheet metal forming processes, in particular deep drawing processes, are highly influenced by occurrence of latent and friction heat. Especially when forming metastable austenitic stainless steels, strain-induced martensite formation is suppressed by higher temperatures and therefore influences the material behavior and so called TRIP-effect. This study gives an overview about thermal influences on the deep drawing forming process of metastable austenitic CrNi-steel 1.4301 in comparison with ferritic stainless steels such as 1.4016. Measurements on serial and evaluation tools were carried out to determine occurring temperatures within forming tools. Attention is paid to effects on tribological aspects such as behavior of lubricants at higher temperatures, influence of temperature development on the martensite formation, mechanical properties, forming limit curves as well as heat flow within the forming tools. Lubricants with different temperature stability were compared to each other with determination of friction coefficient in strip drawing tests. Martensite and temperature development during forming of material was measured in non-isothermal tensile tests approving a high dependency of martensite formation on temperature. Forming limit curves for temperatures determined from RT to 140°C for EN 1.4301 are showing high dependency of necking behavior especially under plain strain conditions. Determination of thermal contact conductance coefficients for process and tool relevant material combinations allows interpreting heat flow mechanisms in forming tools and improving forming process to higher robustness. Results of this paper can be used to individually set boundary conditions for thermo-mechanical coupled forming simulation of austenitic stainless steel and process layout of tool temperature control systems.

Effects of External and Internal Hydrogen on Tensile Properties of Austenitic Stainless Steels Containing Additive Elements

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisatake Itoga ◽  
Hisao Matsunaga ◽  
Junichiro Yamabe ◽  
Saburo Matsuoka
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
Material Compatibility ◽  
Internal Hydrogen ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Reduction Of Area ◽  
Nickel Equivalent

Effect of hydrogen on the slow strain rate tensile (SSRT) properties of five types of austenitic stainless steels, which contain small amounts of additive elements (e.g., nitrogen, niobium, vanadium and titanium), was studied. Some specimens were charged by exposing them to 100 MPa hydrogen gas at 543 K for 200 hours. The SSRT tests were carried out under various combinations of specimens and test atmospheres as follows: (i) non-charged specimens tested in air at room temperature (RT), (ii) non-charged specimens tested in 0.1 MPa nitrogen gas at 193 K, (iii) hydrogen-charged specimens tested in air at RT, (iv) hydrogen-charged specimens tested in 0.1 MPa nitrogen gas at 193 K, and (v) non-charged specimens tested in 115 MPa hydrogen gas at RT. In the tests without hydrogen (i.e., cases (i) and (ii)), the reduction of area (RA) was nearly constant in all the materials, regardless of test temperature. In contrast, in the tests of internal hydrogen (cases (iii) and (iv)), RA was much smaller at 193 K than at RT in all the materials. It was revealed that the susceptibility of the materials to hydrogen embrittlement (HE) can successfully be estimated in terms of the nickel equivalent, which represents the stability of austenite phase. The result suggested that the nickel equivalent can be used for evaluating the material compatibility of austenitic stainless steels for hydrogen service.

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