Calibration for phase retardation of photoelastic modulator based on compound Bessel function

Optik ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 206 ◽  
pp. 164322
Author(s):  
Bozheng Xing ◽  
Ming Ding ◽  
Jixi Lu ◽  
Chang Sun ◽  
Ning Zhang ◽  
...  
1986 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. T. Graf ◽  
F. Eng ◽  
J. L. Koenig ◽  
H. Ishida

Polarization modulation infrared ellipsometric spectra were collected on an FT-IR spectrometer, with the use of two linear polarizers and a photoelastic modulator. Samples consisted of thin poly(vinyl acetate) and poly(methyl methacrylate) films on gold substrates. The relative phase retardation (delta) and relative amplitude (psi) were derived from these measurements. These spectra were superior to those from static infrared ellipsometry measurements on the same samples. The thickness and optical constants of the films were calculated from the ellipsometric measurements and compared with reference optical constant spectra.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 395
Author(s):  
Kewu Li ◽  
Shuang Wang ◽  
Xie Han ◽  
Zhibin Wang

A novel method for determining the electro-optic (EO) coefficient γ 22 of lithium niobate and its dispersion using photoelastic modulation is presented. A spectroscopic polarimetry was constructed with the photoelastic modulator (PEM), and a monochromator was selected to automatically scan the wavelength of a light source. Phase retardation induced by an EO sample was loaded into the modulation signals to demodulate the EO coefficients. The PEM and data processing were controlled in the same field programmable gate array (FPGA), and the DC and harmonic terms were extracted simultaneously by employing digital phase-locked technology. An experimental system was built to analyze the principle of this scheme in detail. After the modulation phase retardation amplitude of the PEM was precisely calibrated, the EO coefficient γ 22 of a Y-cut lithium niobate crystal plate was measured in the spectral range from 0.42 to 0.8 µm. The experimental results demonstrated that the measurement sensitivity of the system was 1.1 × 10 − 14   m / V for a sampling time of 198.9 ms. Plotting the measured results against the light wavelength, the dispersion of the EO coefficients was obtained similar to the Cauchy dispersion formula γ 22 = 5.31   ×   10 − 12 + 4.071   ×   10 − 13 λ 2 + 7.184   ×   10 − 14 λ 4 in the visible light range. This method is suitable for studying dispersion of the EO coefficients of crystals as well as of thin films and two-dimensional materials.


Author(s):  
Y. Q. Du ◽  
M. J. Pan ◽  
Q. Li ◽  
L. Li
Keyword(s):  

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1374
Author(s):  
Bartosz Rozegnał ◽  
Paweł Albrechtowicz ◽  
Dominik Mamcarz ◽  
Monika Rerak ◽  
Maciej Skaza

This paper presents the skin effect impact on the active power losses in the sheathless single-core cables/wires supplying nonlinear loads. There are significant conductor losses when the current has a distorted waveform (e.g., the current supplying diode rectifiers). The authors present a new method for active power loss calculation. The obtained results have been compared to the IEC-60287-1-1:2006 + A1:2014 standard method and the method based on the Bessel function. For all methods, the active power loss results were convergent for small-cable cross-section areas. The proposed method gives smaller power loss values for these cable sizes than the IEC and Bessel function methods. For cable cross-section areas greater than 185 mm2, the obtained results were better than those for the other methods. There were also analyses of extra power losses for distorted currents compared to an ideal 50 Hz sine wave for all methods. The new method is based on the current penetration depth factor calculated for every considered current harmonics, which allows us to calculate the precise equivalent resistance for any cable size. This research is part of our work on a cable thermal analysis method that has been developed.


Author(s):  
Jimmy Tseng

AbstractWe produce an estimate for the K-Bessel function $$K_{r + i t}(y)$$ K r + i t ( y ) with positive, real argument y and of large complex order $$r+it$$ r + i t where r is bounded and $$t = y \sin \theta $$ t = y sin θ for a fixed parameter $$0\le \theta \le \pi /2$$ 0 ≤ θ ≤ π / 2 or $$t= y \cosh \mu $$ t = y cosh μ for a fixed parameter $$\mu >0$$ μ > 0 . In particular, we compute the dominant term of the asymptotic expansion of $$K_{r + i t}(y)$$ K r + i t ( y ) as $$y \rightarrow \infty $$ y → ∞ . When t and y are close (or equal), we also give a uniform estimate. As an application of these estimates, we give bounds on the weight-zero (real-analytic) Eisenstein series $$E_0^{(j)}(z, r+it)$$ E 0 ( j ) ( z , r + i t ) for each inequivalent cusp $$\kappa _j$$ κ j when $$1/2 \le r \le 3/2$$ 1 / 2 ≤ r ≤ 3 / 2 .


2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 5725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Kewu ◽  
Zhang Rui ◽  
Jing Ning ◽  
Chen Youhua ◽  
Zhang Minjuan ◽  
...  

1983 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 892 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. Modine ◽  
G. E. Jellison ◽  
G. R. Gruzalski

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