Analysis of low order non-standard continualization methods for enhanced prediction of the dispersive behaviour of a beam lattice

2021 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 106296
Author(s):  
F. Gómez-Silva ◽  
R. Zaera
Keyword(s):  
1974 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 193-203
Author(s):  
L̆ubor Kresák

AbstractStructural effects of the resonance with the mean motion of Jupiter on the system of short-period comets are discussed. The distribution of mean motions, determined from sets of consecutive perihelion passages of all known periodic comets, reveals a number of gaps associated with low-order resonance; most pronounced are those corresponding to the simplest commensurabilities of 5/2, 2/1, 5/3, 3/2, 1/1 and 1/2. The formation of the gaps is explained by a compound effect of five possible types of behaviour of the comets set into an approximate resonance, ranging from quick passages through the gap to temporary librations avoiding closer approaches to Jupiter. In addition to the comets of almost asteroidal appearance, librating with small amplitudes around the lower resonance ratios (Marsden, 1970b), there is an interesting group of faint diffuse comets librating in characteristic periods of about 200 years, with large amplitudes of about±8% in μ and almost±180° in σ, around the 2/1 resonance gap. This transient type of motion appears to be nearly as frequent as a circulating motion with period of revolution of less than one half that of Jupiter. The temporary members of this group are characteristic not only by their appearance but also by rather peculiar discovery conditions.


Author(s):  
J.R. Parsons ◽  
C.W. Hoelke

The direct imaging of a crystal lattice has intrigued electron microscopists for many years. What is of interest, of course, is the way in which defects perturb their atomic regularity. There are problems, however, when one wishes to relate aperiodic image features to structural aspects of crystalline defects. If the defect is inclined to the foil plane and if, as is the case with present 100 kV transmission electron microscopes, the objective lens is not perfect, then terminating fringes and fringe bending seen in the image cannot be related in a simple way to lattice plane geometry in the specimen (1).The purpose of the present work was to devise an experimental test which could be used to confirm, or not, the existence of a one-to-one correspondence between lattice image and specimen structure over the desired range of specimen spacings. Through a study of computed images the following test emerged.


Author(s):  
M.A. O'Keefe ◽  
Sumio Iijima

We have extended the multi-slice method of computating many-beam lattice images of perfect crystals to calculations for imperfect crystals using the artificial superlattice approach. Electron waves scattered from faulted regions of crystals are distributed continuously in reciprocal space, and all these waves interact dynamically with each other to give diffuse scattering patterns.In the computation, this continuous distribution can be sampled only at a finite number of regularly spaced points in reciprocal space, and thus finer sampling gives an improved approximation. The larger cell also allows us to defocus the objective lens further before adjacent defect images overlap, producing spurious computational Fourier images. However, smaller cells allow us to sample the direct space cell more finely; since the two-dimensional arrays in our program are limited to 128X128 and the sampling interval shoud be less than 1/2Å (and preferably only 1/4Å), superlattice sizes are limited to 40 to 60Å. Apart from finding a compromis superlattice cell size, computing time must be conserved.


Author(s):  
Thao A. Nguyen

It is well known that the large deviations from stoichiometry in iron sulfide compounds, Fe1-xS (0≤x≤0.125), are accommodated by iron vacancies which order and form superstructures at low temperatures. Although the ordering of the iron vacancies has been well established, the modes of vacancy ordering, hence superstructures, as a function of composition and temperature are still the subject of much controversy. This investigation gives direct evidence from many-beam lattice images of Fe1-xS that the 4C superstructure transforms into the 3C superstructure (Fig. 1) rather than the MC phase as previously suggested. Also observed are an intrinsic stacking fault in the sulfur sublattice and two different types of vacancy-ordering antiphase boundaries. Evidence from selective area optical diffractograms suggests that these planar defects complicate the diffraction pattern greatly.


2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-333
Author(s):  
Rafał Hein ◽  
Cezary Orlikowski

Abstract In the paper, the authors describe the method of reduction of a model of rotor system. The proposed approach makes it possible to obtain a low order model including e.g. non-proportional damping or the gyroscopic effect. This method is illustrated using an example of a rotor system. First, a model of the system is built without gyroscopic and damping effects by using the rigid finite element method. Next, this model is reduced. Finally, two identical, low order, reduced models in two perpendicular planes are coupled together by means of gyroscopic and damping interaction to form one model of the system. Thus a hybrid model is obtained. The advantage of the presented method is that the number of gyroscopic and damping interactions does not affect the model range


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