Pupillary dilation to simple vs. complex tasks and its relationship to thought disturbance in schizophrenia patients

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arpi Minassian ◽  
Eric Granholm ◽  
Steven Verney ◽  
William Perry
Keyword(s):  
Pupillary Dilation ◽  
Complex Tasks ◽  
Thought Disturbance

Enhancing Learning, Performance, and Adaptability for Complex Tasks

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve W. J. Kozlowski ◽  
◽  
Richard P. DeShon
Keyword(s):  
Learning Performance ◽  
Complex Tasks

scholarly journals The prototypes of nanozyme-based nanorobots

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 223-244
Author(s):  
Jiaying Xie ◽  
Yiliang Jin ◽  
Kelong Fan ◽  
Xiyun Yan
Keyword(s):  
Functional Nanomaterials ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Complex Tasks ◽  
Logic Control ◽  
The Future ◽  
Flexible Designs

AbstractArtificial nanorobot is a type of robots designed for executing complex tasks at nanoscale. The nanorobot system is typically consisted of four systems, including logic control, driving, sensing and functioning. Considering the subtle structure and complex functionality of nanorobot, the manufacture of nanorobots requires designable, controllable and multi-functional nanomaterials. Here, we propose that nanozyme is a promising candidate for fabricating nanorobots due to its unique properties, including flexible designs, controllable enzyme-like activities, and nano-sized physicochemical characters. Nanozymes may participate in one system or even combine several systems of nanorobots. In this review, we summarize the advances on nanozyme-based systems for fabricating nanorobots, and prospect the future directions of nanozyme for constructing nanorobots. We hope that the unique properties of nanozymes will provide novel ideas for designing and fabricating nanorobotics.

scholarly journals Chronic mild and acute severe glaucomatous neurodegeneration derived from silicone oil-induced ocular hypertension

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Fang ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Pei Zhuang ◽  
Pingting Liu ◽  
Liang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Hypertension ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Silicone Oil ◽  
Early Time ◽  
Similar Degree ◽  
Pupillary Dilation ◽  
Early Time Point ◽  
Chronic Model ◽  
Iop Elevation

AbstractRecently, we established silicone oil-induced ocular hypertension (SOHU) mouse model with significant glaucomatous neurodegeneration. Here we characterize two additional variations of this model that simulate two distinct glaucoma types. The first is a chronic model produced by high frequency (HF) pupillary dilation after SO-induced pupillary block, which shows sustained moderate IOP elevation and corresponding slow, mild glaucomatous neurodegeneration. We also demonstrate that although SO removal quickly returns IOP to normal, the glaucomatous neurodegeneration continues to advance to a similar degree as in the HF group without SO removal. The second, an acute model created by no pupillary dilation (ND), shows a greatly elevated IOP and severe inner retina degeneration at an early time point. Therefore, by a straightforward dilation scheme, we extend our original SOHU model to recapitulate phenotypes of two major glaucoma forms, which will be invaluable for selecting neuroprotectants and elucidating their molecular mechanisms.

scholarly journals Effect of Environmental Enrichment on the Brain and on Learning and Cognition by Animals

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 973
Author(s):  
Thomas R. Zentall
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Environmental Enrichment ◽  
Behavioral Effect ◽  
Enriched Environment ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Accurate Assessment ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
Complex Tasks ◽  
Learning And Cognition ◽  
The Brain

The humane treatment of animals suggests that they should be housed in an environment that is rich in stimulation and allows for varied activities. However, even if one’s main concern is an accurate assessment of their learning and cognitive abilities, housing them in an enriched environment can have an important effect on the assessment of those abilities. Research has found that the development of the brain of animals is significantly affected by the environment in which they live. Not surprisingly, their ability to learn both simple and complex tasks is affected by even modest time spent in an enriched environment. In particular, animals that are housed in an enriched environment are less impulsive and make more optimal choices than animals housed in isolation. Even the way that they judge the passage of time is affected by their housing conditions. Some researchers have even suggested that exposing animals to an enriched environment can make them more “optimistic” in how they treat ambiguous stimuli. Whether that behavioral effect reflects the subtlety of differences in optimism/pessimism or something simpler, like differences in motivation, incentive, discriminability, or neophobia, it is clear that the conditions of housing can have an important effect on the learning and cognition of animals.

scholarly journals Endogenous Agency Problems and the Dynamics of Rents

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 2542-2567
Author(s):  
B Biais ◽  
A Landier
Keyword(s):  
Overlapping Generations ◽  
Agency Problems ◽  
Overlapping Generations Model ◽  
Complex Tasks ◽  
Complex Skills ◽  
Do So

Abstract While potentially more productive, more complex tasks generate larger agency rents. Agents therefore prefer to acquire complex skills, to earn large rents. In our overlapping generations model, their ability to do so is kept in check by competition with predecessors. Old agents, however, are imperfect substitutes for young ones, because the latter are easier to incentivize, thanks to longer horizons. This reduces competition between generations, enabling young managers to go for larger complexity than their predecessors. Consequently, equilibrium complexity and rents gradually increase beyond what is optimal for the principal and for society.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document