A SEER-based Probability Model Using HPV Status and Lymph Node Levels to Predict Primary Head-and-Neck Tumor Site for Squamous Cell Cancer Confined to Cervical Lymph Nodes

2012 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. S508
Author(s):  
A.N. Ali ◽  
J.M. Switchenko ◽  
S. Kim ◽  
J. Kowalski ◽  
K. Higgins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Squamous Cell Cancer ◽  
Probability Model ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Tumor Site ◽  
Head And Neck Tumor ◽  
Cervical Lymph Nodes ◽  
Hpv Status

R421 – Ubc9: A Novel Marker of Lymph Nodes Metastases in SCCHN

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. P184-P184
Author(s):  
Ohad Ronen ◽  
James P Malone ◽  
Sophia Ran
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Lymph Node Metastases ◽  
Squamous Cell Cancer ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Cervical Lymph Nodes ◽  
Adjacent Mucosa ◽  
Node Metastases ◽  
Tissue Specimens

Problem Lymph node metastases (LNM) are the single most significant prognostic factor in squamous cell cancer of the head and neck (SCCHN). Therapy often relies on the ability to detect disease in cervical lymph nodes. We previously demonstrated that Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (Ubc9), an enzyme involved in post-translational modification, is over-expressed in SCCHN compared to peritumoral adjacent mucosa. Furthermore, Ubc9 is not expressed in normal mucosa. The present study was designed to examine the expression of Ubc9 in SCCHN LNM and to determine whether Ubc9 may serve as a marker. Methods A portion of primary tumor, normal adjacent mucosa, when available, and metastatic lymph nodes were harvested from patients with a histologic diagnosis of SCCHN. Tissue specimens were immediately snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen. The frozen tissue specimens were stained with antibodies to Ubc9 using standard Immunohistochemical techniques. Results Twelve patients with SCCHN LNM were available for staining. Sites of primary tumor specimens included larynx (n=7) and oropharynx (n=3). All of the lymph nodes had strong expression of Ubc9 in the metastatic deposits of SCCHN but not in the surrounding lymph node tissue. Conclusion Detection of Ubc9 expression in cervical lymph nodes from patients with SCCHN may serve as a distinct molecular marker for the presence of lymph node metastases. The findings also suggest that Ubc9 plays an important role in tumorigenesis and possibly tumor progression of head and neck squamous cell cancer. Further exploration of Ubc9 in head and neck cancer is warranted. Significance Ubc9 expression in SCCHN LNM can increase the sensitivity of diagnosis in the primary site as well as in suspected lymph node metastases. Early and accurate diagnosis of LNM can potentially improve regional control of the disease. Support Part of the study was supported by a grant from SIU School of Medicine.

scholarly journals A model and nomogram to predict tumor site origin for squamous cell cancer confined to cervical lymph nodes

Cancer ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 120 (22) ◽  
pp. 3469-3476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arif N. Ali ◽  
Jeffrey M. Switchenko ◽  
Sungjin Kim ◽  
Jeanne Kowalski ◽  
Mark W. El‐Deiry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Squamous Cell Cancer ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Tumor Site ◽  
Cervical Lymph Nodes

Upper jugular lymph nodes (submuscular recess) in non-squamous-cell cancer of the head and neck: surgical considerations

2001 ◽  
Vol 115 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
YoavP. Talmi ◽  
Zeev Horowitz ◽  
Michael Wolf ◽  
Lev Bedrin ◽  
Michael Peleg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Squamous Cell Cancer ◽  
Cell Cancer

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF PRIMARY EXTRANODAL NON-HODGKIN LYMPHOMA: A RECORD BASE STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Bipin Gandhi
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
The Body ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cervical Lymph Nodes ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Common Diagnosis ◽  
Common Group

INTRODUCTION: Lesions in head and neck have always been a diagnostic dilemma for a pathologist and a treating clinician. Being on the exposed part of body, they become cosmetically unacceptable. These include lesions arising from the regional group of lymph nodes. Most commonly lymphadenopathy is a common clinical presentation. The diagnostic probability ranges from infections to developmental abnormalities, from inflammatory to malignant lesions. None the less all the lesions in lymph nodes of the head and neck region cannot be limited to a particular age group and gender. Routine staining procedures like PAP, Giemsa, Field and even H & E has been used to clinch the pathogenesis of the lesion. It can be said without any fear of contradiction that FNAC is certainly a very important tool for an early diagnosis of not only head and neck lesions but also other lesions elsewhere in the body. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a comparative study which was conducted in the department of pathology. The patients were subjected to detailed history and thorough clinical examination according to the working proforma. Patients were subjected to FNAC after written informed concent. The slides were stained using PAP, Giemsa and H&E stain and examined for underlying pathology. A detailed gross examination was done and 3-15 sections were selected from the representative areas for routine paraffin sections.  RESULTS: Amongst the total of 296 patients aspirated, 127 were from Lymph Nodes of head and neck region. Cervicallymph nodes were the most common group of lymph nodes aspirated, followed by submandibular and submental lymph nodes. Age wise tabulation shows maximum frequency of inflammatory lesions at younger age, of  which reactive hyperplasia was more common in pediatric age group and tuberculous lesions were more common in 20-40years of age. CONCLUSION: Cervical lymph nodes were the most common group of lymph nodes aspirated, followed by submandibular and submental lymph nodes. Reactive lymphadenitis is the most frequent diagnosis amongst the lymph node lesions and tuberculous lesions was the second most common diagnosis amongst all the lymph node lesions. 35 cases out of 127, as tuberculous lymphadenitis. Histopathology correlation could be done in 36 cases, of which 32 were found be correctly diagnosed in cytology.

Surgical or Radiosurgical Failures on Cervical Lymph Nodes in Treatment of Head and Neck Cancer

1984 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-266
Author(s):  
Sante Basso-Ricci ◽  
Gianfranco Coopmans de Yoldi ◽  
Luca de Flaviis ◽  
Franco Milani ◽  
Gian Maria Danesini
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Lymph Node Dissection ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Postoperative Radiotherapy ◽  
Head And Neck Carcinoma ◽  
Preoperative Radiation ◽  
Node Dissection ◽  
Cervical Lymph Nodes

From a series of 850 patients with head and neck carcinoma and subjected to lymph node dissection, 80 cases of recurrences in the neck have been collected. Postoperative radiotherapy was performed only in cases with metastatic extranodal spread. Of these recurrences, 56 occurred in the area of lymph node dissection, 7 were marginal and 17 were contralateral. The recurrences occurred prevalently in node-positive (N +) patients (70 of 80). The incidence of recurrences in the dissection area was 41.6 % (25 of 60) in cases with metastatic extranodal spread, despite postoperative radiotherapy. The incidence of recurrences in cases with clinically evident metastases at the time of dissection but without extranodal spread and not subjected to postoperative radiotherapy was relatively high (24.1 %, or 28 of 116). Since recurrences occurred, despite postoperative radiotherapy, in a relatively high percentage of cases with carcinoma of the oral floor and of the tongue (59.1 % and 50 %, respectively), it seems justifiable to perform preoperative radiation treatment in cases with clinically evident metastatic lymph nodes. As regards marginal recurrences, which all occurred in patients with carcinoma of the oral floor, it is considered sufficient to extend the surgical treatment to the subhyoid region. The high incidence of contralateral recurrences, which occurred mainly in patients with carcinoma of the larynx (13 of 17), shows the usefulness of radiation treatment of the contralateral region of the neck in these tumors, when dissection is limited to only one side of the neck.

scholarly journals Distinct co-expression networks using multi-omic data reveal novel interventional targets in HPV-positive and negative head-and-neck squamous cell cancer

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel L. Costa ◽  
Mariana Boroni ◽  
Marcelo A. Soares
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Squamous Cell Cancer ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Keratinocyte Differentiation ◽  
External Information ◽  
Hpv Status ◽  
Neck Squamous Cell Cancer

The human papillomavirus (HPV) is present in a significant fraction of head-and-neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC). However, a comprehensive understanding of disease progression profiles comparing HPV+ and HPV- HNSCC cases is still lacking. The main goal of this study was to identify distinct co-expression patterns between HPV+ and HPV- HNSCC and to provide insights into potential regulatory mechanisms/effects (such as methylation and mutation) within the analyzed networks. For conducting this, we selected 276 samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas database comprising data of gene expression, methylation profiles and mutational patterns, in addition to clinical information (HPV status and tumor staging). We further added external information such as the identification of transcription factors to the networks. Genes were selected as differentially expressed and differentially methylated based on HPV status, of which 12 genes were doubly selected, including SYCP2, GJB6, FLRT3, PITX2 and CCNA1. Weight correlation network analysis was used to identify co-expression modules and a systematic approach was applied to refine them and identify key regulatory elements integrating results from the other omics. Three main modules were associated with distinct co-expression patterns in HPV+ versus HPV- HNSCC. The molecular signatures found were mainly related to cell fate specification, keratinocyte differentiation, focal adhesion and regulation of protein oligomerization. This study provides comprehensive insights into complex genetic and epigenetic particularities in the development and progression of HNSCC in patients according to HPV status, identifying unseen gene interactions, and may contribute to unveiling specific genes/pathways as novel therapeutic targets for HNSCC.

scholarly journals Clinical assessment of cervical node in head and neck malignancy: case series

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 387
Author(s):  
Leena Rajam K. ◽  
Vikram V. J. ◽  
Anjan Kumar Selvaraj ◽  
Saravana Babu P.
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Primary Tumour ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Primary Malignancy ◽  
Cervical Lymph Nodes ◽  
Important Prognostic Factor

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Lymph node involvement is well established as an important prognostic factor for head and neck cancer, the spread of carcinoma of head and malignancy to the node levels is probably predictable according to the site of the primary. The appropriate staging of cervical lymph nodes is very important in the management of any head and neck primary carcinoma. Clinical palpation of cervical lymph nodes may yield false negative and false positive results. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">In a prospective study in patients of patients with primary malignancy from larynx, any sub site of pharynx (nasopharynx/oropharynx/hypopharynx) of histologically proven squamous cell carcinoma, the nodal status of primary tumour, the level of lymph node involved and the stage of presentation of the tumor and node were analysed clinically. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">61 cases included in our study, where males were 52 cases and females were 9 cases. The age incidence ranging from 35 years to 76 years noted<strong>.</strong> In the distribution of nodal secondary carcinoma of the nasopharynx was 100% nodal positive followed by hypopharynx, oropharynx, and larynx. 21% of patient presented in the N<sub>0</sub> stage. The remaining 79% were node positive. In nodal secondary by size of primary most of the patients presented with T<sub>3</sub> disease (52%) followed by T<sub>2</sub> disease (26%), T<sub>1</sub> disease (11%) and T<sub>4</sub> disease (11%). </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">In malignancy of larynx, pharynx, lymph node assessment clinically is an important prognostic factor to determine the staging of tumour. The clinical evaluation may also have false negative, so radiological evaluation will further give a detailed assessment of the nodes for better treatment outcomes to reduce the overall mortality.</span></p><p class="abstract"> </p>

scholarly journals Therapeutic approach of cervical lymph nodes metastases of squamous cell carcinoma from an unknown primary tumors

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Anca Ruxandra MOŞOIU ◽  
◽  
Alina Lavinia OANCEA ◽  
Roxana Mihaela MATEI ◽  
Marian STAMATE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Dissection ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Cervical Lymph Nodes ◽  
Node Metastases

Cervical lymph node metastases of squamous cell carcinoma from occult primary constitute about 3-5% of all patients with carcinoma of unknown primary site (CUP). Identification of subgroups with favorable prognosis is of decisive importance for the therapy of patients with CUP syndrome, including prolonged survival from directed treatment. The patients with neck node metastases from occult head and neck cancer have clinical features and prognosis similar to other head and neck malignancies. Treatment of patients with metastatic squamous cell carcinoma involving cervical lymph nodes of an unknown primary origin should be similar to that of patients with locally advanced carcinoma of the head and neck. Therapeutic approaches include surgery (lymph node excision or neck dissection), with or without post-operative radiotherapy, radiotherapy alone and radiotherapy followed by surgery. In early stages (N1), neck dissection and radiotherapy seem to have similar efficacy, whereas more advanced cases (N2, N3) necessitate combined approaches. The extent of radiotherapy (irradiation of bilateral neck and mucosa versus ipsilateral neck radiotherapy) remains debatable. A potential benefit from extensive radiotherapy should be weighted against its acute and late morbidity and difficulties in re-irradiation in the case of subsequent primary emergence. The role of other methods, such as chemotherapy and hyperthermia, remains to be determined.

scholarly journals Immuno-Oncological Biomarkers for Squamous Cell Cancer of the Head and Neck: Current State of the Art and Future Perspectives

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1714
Author(s):  
Stijn J. De De Keukeleire ◽  
Tijl Vermassen ◽  
Elien Hilgert ◽  
David Creytens ◽  
Liesbeth Ferdinande ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Squamous Cell Cancer ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
Hpv Status

The era of immune checkpoint inhibitors has altered the therapeutic landscape in squamous cell cancer of the head and neck (SCCHN). Our knowledge about the tumor microenvironment has fueled the research in SCCHN, leading to several well-known and less-known prognostic and predictive biomarkers. The clinical staging, p16/HPV status, and PD-L1 expression are currently the main tools for assessing the patients’ diagnosis and prognosis. However, several novel biomarkers have been thoroughly investigated, some reaching actual significant clinical contributions. The untangling of the immune infiltrate with the subtyping of tissue-associated tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, tumor-associated macrophages, and circulating blood-based biomarkers are an interesting avenue to be further explored and prospectively assessed. Although PD-L1 expression remains the most important response predictor for immune checkpoint inhibitors, several flaws impede proper assessment such as technical issues, different scoring protocol, and intra-, inter,- and temporal heterogeneity. In addition, the construction of an immune-related gene panel has been proposed as a prognostic and predictive stratification but lacks consensus. Recently, the role of microbioma have also been explored regarding its systemic and antitumor immunity. This review gives a comprehensive overview of the aforementioned topics in SCCHN. To this end, the integration of these clinically advantageous biomarkers via construction of an immunogram or nomogram could be an invaluable tool for SCCHN in future prospects.

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