High frequency heart-rate variability predicts adolescent depressive symptoms, particularly anhedonia, across one year

Emotion-driven impulse control difficulties are associated with negative psychological outcomes. Extant research suggests that high-frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV) may be indicative of emotion-driven impulse control difficulties and potentially moderated by negative emotion. In the current study, 248 eleven- to 14-year-olds and their parent engaged in a negatively emotionally arousing conflict task at Time 1. Adolescents’ HF-HRV and negative emotional expression and experience were assessed before, during, and/or after the task. Adolescents reported on their levels of emotion-driven impulse control difficulties at Time 1 and one year later. Results revealed that higher levels of HF-HRV reactivity (i.e., higher HF-HRV augmentation) predicted higher levels of emotion-driven impulse control difficulties 1 year later among adolescents who experienced higher negative emotion. These findings suggest that negative emotional context should be considered when examining HF-HRV reactivity as a risk factor for emotion-driven impulse control difficulties and associated outcomes.

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Effect of Hypoglycemia on Heart Rate Variability in People with Type 1 Diabetes and Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia

Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology ◽

10.1177/19322968211007485 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 193229682110074

Author(s):

Mats Koeneman ◽

Marleen Olde Bekkink ◽

Lian van Meijel ◽

Sebastian Bredie ◽

Bastiaan de Galan

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

High Frequency ◽

Sympathetic Activity ◽

Elevated Risk ◽

Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test ◽

Impaired Awareness ◽

Induced Changes ◽

Measurable Change

Background: People with impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH) are at elevated risk of severe, potentially hazardous, hypoglycemia and would benefit from a device alerting to hypoglycemia. Heart rate variability (HRV) changes with hypoglycemia due to sympathetic activity. Since IAH is associated with suppressed sympathetic activity, we investigated whether hypoglycemia elicits a measurable change in HRV in patients with T1D and IAH. Method: Eligible participants underwent a modified hyperinsulinemic euglycemic hypoglycemic clamp (glucose nadir, 43.1 ± 0.90 mg/dl), while HRV was measured by a VitalConnect HealthPatch. Measurements of HRV included Root Mean Square of the Successive Differences (RMSSD) and low to high frequency (LF:HF) ratio. Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for testing within-subject HRV changes. Results: We included 12 participants (8 female, mean age 57 ± 12 years, mean HbA1c 57 ± 5 mmol/mol (7.4 ± 0.4%)). Symptoms increased from 4.0 (1.5-7.0) at euglycemia to 7.5 (5.0-11.0) during hypoglycemia ( P = .003). In response to hypoglycemia, the LF:HF ratio and RMSSD increased when normalized for data obtained during euglycemia (both P < .01). The LF:HF ratio increased in 6 participants (50%) and declined in one other participant (8%). The RMSSD decreased in 3 (25%) and increased in 4 (33%) participants. In 2 patients, no change in HRV could be detected in response to hypoglycemia. Conclusions: This study reveals that hypoglycemia-induced changes in HRV are retained in the majority of people with T1D and IAH, and that these changes can be detected by a wearable device. Real-time HRV seems usable for detection of hypoglycemia in patients with IAH.

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Effect of short-term exposure to particulate air pollution on heart rate variability in normal-weight and obese adults

Environmental Health ◽

10.1186/s12940-021-00707-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Luyi Li ◽

Dayu Hu ◽

Wenlou Zhang ◽

Liyan Cui ◽

Xu Jia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

High Frequency ◽

Normal Weight ◽

High Frequency Power ◽

Short Term ◽

Particulate Air Pollution ◽

Short Term Exposure ◽

Frequency Power

Abstract Background The adverse effects of particulate air pollution on heart rate variability (HRV) have been reported. However, it remains unclear whether they differ by the weight status as well as between wake and sleep. Methods A repeated-measure study was conducted in 97 young adults in Beijing, China, and they were classified by body mass index (BMI) as normal-weight (BMI, 18.5–24.0 kg/m2) and obese (BMI ≥ 28.0 kg/m2) groups. Personal exposures to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and black carbon (BC) were measured with portable exposure monitors, and the ambient PM2.5/BC concentrations were obtained from the fixed monitoring sites near the subjects’ residences. HRV and heart rate (HR) were monitored by 24-h Holter electrocardiography. The study period was divided into waking and sleeping hours according to time-activity diaries. Linear mixed-effects models were used to investigate the effects of PM2.5/BC on HRV and HR in both groups during wake and sleep. Results The effects of short-term exposure to PM2.5/BC on HRV were more pronounced among obese participants. In the normal-weight group, the positive association between personal PM2.5/BC exposure and high-frequency power (HF) as well as the ratio of low-frequency power to high-frequency power (LF/HF) was observed during wakefulness. In the obese group, personal PM2.5/BC exposure was negatively associated with HF but positively associated with LF/HF during wakefulness, whereas it was negatively correlated to total power and standard deviation of all NN intervals (SDNN) during sleep. An interquartile range (IQR) increase in BC at 2-h moving average was associated with 37.64% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 25.03, 51.51%) increases in LF/HF during wakefulness and associated with 6.28% (95% CI: − 17.26, 6.15%) decreases in SDNN during sleep in obese individuals, and the interaction terms between BC and obesity in LF/HF and SDNN were both statistically significant (p < 0.05). The results also suggested that the effects of PM2.5/BC exposure on several HRV indices and HR differed in magnitude or direction between wake and sleep. Conclusions Short-term exposure to PM2.5/BC is associated with HRV and HR, especially in obese individuals. The circadian rhythm of HRV should be considered in future studies when HRV is applied. Graphical abstract

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Heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity are reduced in chronically undernourished, but otherwise healthy, human subjects

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs1040295 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 104 (3) ◽

pp. 295-302 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mario VAZ ◽

A.V. BHARATHI ◽

S. SUCHARITA ◽

D. NAZARETH

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

High Frequency ◽

Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽

Human Subjects ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Autonomic Nerve ◽

Total Power ◽

Healthy Human ◽

Frequency Power

Alterations in autonomic nerve activity in subjects in a chronically undernourished state have been proposed, but have been inadequately documented. The present study evaluated heart rate and systolic blood pressure variability in the frequency domain in two underweight groups, one of which was undernourished and recruited from the lower socio-economic strata [underweight, undernourished (UW/UN); n = 15], while the other was from a high class of socio-economic background [underweight, well nourished (UW/WN); n = 17], as well as in normal-weight controls [normal weight, well nourished (NW/WN); n = 27]. Baroreflex sensitivity, which is a determinant of heart rate variability, was also assessed. The data indicate that total power (0–0.4Hz), low-frequency power (0.04–0.15Hz) and high-frequency power (0.15–0.4Hz) of RR interval variability were significantly lower in the UW/UN subjects (P<0.05) than in the NW/WN controls when expressed in absolute units, but not when the low- and high-frequency components were normalized for total power. Baroreflex sensitivity was similarly lower in the UW/UN group (P<0.05). Heart rate variability parameters in the UW/WN group were generally between those of the UW/UN and NW/WN groups, but were not statistically different from either. The mechanisms that contribute to the observed differences between undernourished and normal-weight groups, and the implications of these differences, remain to be elucidated.

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Frequency modulation between low- and high-frequency components of the heart rate variability spectrum

Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik ◽

10.1515/bmt.2006.049 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 51 (4) ◽

pp. 251-254 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yuru Zhong ◽

Kung-Ming Jan ◽

Ki H. Chon

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Frequency Modulation ◽

High Frequency ◽

Frequency Components ◽

Heart Rate Variability Spectrum

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The Influence ofNrf2on Cardiac Responses to Environmental Stressors

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2013/901239 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Reuben Howden ◽

Eva Gougian ◽

Marcus Lawrence ◽

Samantha Cividanes ◽

Wesley Gladwell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

High Frequency ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Therapeutic Strategies ◽

Environmental Stressors ◽

Total Power ◽

Airborne Pollutants ◽

Cardiac Responses

Nrf2protects the lung from adverse responses to oxidants, including 100% oxygen (hyperoxia) and airborne pollutants like particulate matter (PM) exposure, but the role ofNrf2on heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) responses is not known. We hypothesized that genetic disruption ofNrf2would exacerbate murine HR and HRV responses to severe hyperoxia or moderate PM exposures.Nrf2-/-andNrf2+/+mice were instrumented for continuous ECG recording to calculate HR and HRV (low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), and total power (TP)). Mice were then either exposed to hyperoxia for up to 72 hrs or aspirated with ultrafine PM (UF-PM). Compared to respective controls, UF-PM induced significantly greater effects on HR (P<0.001) and HF HRV (P<0.001) inNrf2-/-mice compared toNrf2+/+mice.Nrf2-/-mice tolerated hyperoxia significantly less thanNrf2+/+mice (~22 hrs;P<0.001). Reductions in HR, LF, HF, and TP HRV were also significantly greater inNrf2-/-compared toNrf2+/+mice (P<0.01). Results demonstrate thatNrf2deletion increases susceptibility to change in HR and HRV responses to environmental stressors and suggest potential therapeutic strategies to prevent cardiovascular alterations.

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Effect of Acupuncture on Heart Rate Variability: A Systematic Review

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2014/819871 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Joanne W. Y. Chung ◽

Vincent C. M. Yan ◽

Hongwei Zhang

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

High Frequency ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Keyword Search ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Control Group

Aim.To summarize all relevant trials and critically evaluate the effect of acupuncture on heart rate variability (HRV).Method.This was a systematic review with meta-analysis. Keyword search was conducted in 7 databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Data extraction and risk of bias were done.Results.Fourteen included studies showed a decreasing effect of acupuncture on low frequency (LF) and low frequency to high frequency ratio (LF/HF ratio) of HRV for nonhealthy subjects and on normalized low frequency (LF norm) for healthy subjects. The overall effect was in favour of the sham/control group for high frequency (HF) in nonhealthy subjects and for normalized high frequency (HF norm) in healthy subjects. Significant decreasing effect on HF and LF/HF ratio of HRV when acupuncture was performed on ST36 among healthy subjects and PC6 among both healthy and nonhealthy subjects, respectively.Discussion.This study partially supports the possible effect of acupuncture in modulating the LF of HRV in both healthy and nonhealthy subjects, while previous review reported that acupuncture did not have any convincing effect on HRV in healthy subjects. More published work is needed in this area to determine if HRV can be an indicator of the therapeutic effect of acupuncture.

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Heart rate variability and depressive symptoms: a cross-lagged analysis over a 10-year period in the Whitehall II study

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s003329171600060x ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 46 (10) ◽

pp. 2121-2131 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

V. K. Jandackova ◽

A. Britton ◽

M. Malik ◽

A. Steptoe

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

General Health Questionnaire ◽

Antidepressant Medication ◽

Population Based ◽

Baseline Heart Rate ◽

Lower Baseline ◽

The Uk

BackgroundPeople with depression tend to have lower heart rate variability (HRV), but the temporal sequence is poorly understood. In a sample of the general population, we prospectively examined whether HRV measures predict subsequent depressive symptoms or whether depressive symptoms predict subsequent levels of HRV.MethodData from the fifth (1997–1999) and ninth (2007–2009) phases of the UK Whitehall II longitudinal population-based cohort study were analysed with an average follow-up of 10.5 years. The sample size for the prospective analysis depended on the analysis and ranged from 2334 (644 women) to 2276 (602 women). HRV measures during 5 min of supine rest were obtained. Depressive symptoms were evaluated by four cognitive symptoms of depression from the General Health Questionnaire.ResultsAt follow-up assessment, depressive symptoms were inversely associated with HRV measures independently of antidepressant medication use in men but not in women. Prospectively, lower baseline heart rate and higher HRV measures were associated with a lower likelihood of incident depressive symptoms at follow-up in men without depressive symptoms at baseline. Similar but statistically insignificant associations were found in women. Adjustments for known confounders including sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, cardiometabolic conditions or medication did not change the predictive effect of HRV on incident depressive symptoms at follow-up. Depressive symptoms at baseline were not associated with heart rate or HRV at follow-up in either sex.ConclusionsThese findings are consistent with an aetiological role of the autonomic nervous system in depression onset.

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Modulation of Neurocardiac Function by Oesophageal Stimulation in Humans

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs0920167 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 92 (2) ◽

pp. 167-174 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Gervais Tougas ◽

Markad Kamath ◽

Geena Watteel ◽

Debbie Fitzpatrick ◽

Ernest L. Fallen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Power Spectrum ◽

High Frequency ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Sensory Stimulation ◽

Sensory Stimuli ◽

Autonomic Reflexes ◽

Low Frequency Power ◽

Beat Heart

1. The heart and the oesophagus have similar sensory pathways, and sensations originating from the oesophagus are often difficult to differentiate from those of cardiac origin. We hypothesized that oesophageal sensory stimuli could alter neurocardiac function through autonomic reflexes elicited by these oesophageal stimuli. In the present study, we examined the neurocardiac response to oesophageal stimulation and the effects of electrical and mechanical oesophageal stimulation on the power spectrum of beat-to-beat heart rate variability in male volunteers. 2. In 14 healthy volunteers, beat-to-beat heart rate variability was compared at rest and during oesophageal stimulation, using either electrical (200 μs, 16 mA, 0.2 Hz) or mechanical (0.5 s, 14 ml, 0.2 Hz) stimuli. The power spectrum of beat-to-beat heart rate variability was obtained and its low- and high-frequency components were determined. 3. Distal oesophageal stimulation decreased heart rate slightly (both electrical and mechanical) (P < 0.005), and markedly altered heart rate variability (P < 0.001). Both electrical and mechanical oesophageal stimulation increased the absolute and normalized area of the high-frequency band within the power spectrum (P < 0.001), while simultaneously decreasing the low-frequency power (P < 0.005). 4. In humans, oesophageal stimulation, whether electrical or mechanical, appears to amplify respiratory-driven cardiac vagoafferent modulation while decreasing sympathetic modulation. The technique provides access to vagoafferent fibres and thus may yield useful information on the autonomic effects of visceral or oesophageal sensory stimulation.

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