Usefulness of the 15-item geriatric depression scale (GDS-15) for classifying minor and major depressive disorders among community-dwelling elders

2019 ◽  
Vol 259 ◽  
pp. 370-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheolmin Shin ◽  
Moon Ho Park ◽  
Seung-Hoon Lee ◽  
Young-Hoon Ko ◽  
Yong-Ku Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Major Depressive Disorders

Reliability, Validity, and Factor Structure of the Geriatric Depression Scale in Turkish Elderly: Are There Different Factor Structures for Different Cultures?

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Turan Ertan ◽  
Engin Eker
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Reasonable Time ◽  
Positive Form

The purpose of this study was to examine the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) translated into Turkish for its reliability, discriminant validity, and factor structure in a sample of 276 community-dwelling elderly and 30 patients with major depression. One item (Item 5) was discovered to have conceptual difficulty for Turkish elderly and was transformed to negative form. Item 2 was transformed to positive form to keep the number of positive and negative items equal to that in the original GDS. A reasonable time stability with 1-week interval (r:.74) and a high level of internal consistency (α = .91) were observed. Student's t test resulted in a significant discriminant validity for the scale total score. Factor study with principal component analysis and varimax rotation gave rise to a structure with seven factors. Results of the same analysis with two factors were found to be easier to interpret. The first factor was composed of 19 items reflecting “depressive affect and thought content.” The other 11 items representing “decrease in motivation and cognitive functions” loaded in the second factor. In conclusion, the Turkish GDS was found to have reasonable time reliability, high internal consistency, and discriminant validity for Turkish elderly. Its two-factor structure can be used as an informative instrument for epidemiological studies, reflecting two main dimensions of depression in the elderly.

scholarly journals Applicability of a cognitive questionnaire in the elderly and proxy

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Areza Fegyveres ◽  
Ana Paula Formigoni ◽  
Cláudia Sellitto Porto ◽  
Maria Teresa Carthery Goulart ◽  
Mirna Lie Hosogi Senaha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Community Group ◽  
Proxy Report ◽  
Proxy Responses ◽  
The Mean ◽  
State Examination

Abstract The Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly with the Proxy (IQCODE) was developed as a screening tool for cognition alterations. Objectives: 1) To verify the applicability of IQCODE in the elderly with limited schooling, 2) To verify the reliability of the responses supplied by the aged and their proxies. Methods: Individuals of a Community Group were evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), IQCODE and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). The IQCODE was applied to informants and proxies. Results: We analyzed 44 individuals, aged between 58-82 years (M=66.8, SD=5.97) with mean elderly-schooling level of 3.75, SD=2.82 and 44 proxies aged 44.5 (SD=13.3), with mean schooling level of 8.25 (SD=4.3). The mean GDS was 8.22, SD=4.90 and 13 participants presented a score suggestive of depressive symptoms. The mean elderly IQCODE score was 3.26, SD=0.69 and 3.21, SD=0.65, for proxy responses. There was no statistical difference between these means. On the MMSE, the mean score was 24.20, SD=4.14 and 18 participants presented scores below the cut-off. The IQCODE answers by the elderly in this latter group were more congruent with MMSE than the answers of proxies. Conclusions: The applicability of the IQCODE in a population with little schooling was verified in that the proxy-report was similar to the elderly report. We can affirm that the elderly answers were more accurate than the proxies, as they were closer to MMSE score. The inclusion of a greater number of participants from community-dwelling settings is necessary to confirm the results obtained in this study.

Motivators and Barriers to Exercise in an Older Community-Dwelling Population

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiska Cohen-Mansfield ◽  
Marcia S. Marx ◽  
Jack M. Guralnik
Keyword(s):  
Functional Performance ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Depressed Affect ◽  
Performance Barriers ◽  
Barriers To Exercise ◽  
Barriers And Motivators

This study aimed to ascertain perceived barriers and motivators to exercise in people age 74–85 and to clarify the meaning of these barriers and motivators by examining participant characteristics that relate to them. 324 community-dwelling participants age 74–85 completed a health questionnaire that included items on barriers and motivators to exercise, as well as questions on demographic variables, health, and exercise. Selected participants then completed a physical-performance battery to measure functional performance. Barriers and motivators were related internally, as well as to many other factors including pain and depressed affect on the Geriatric Depression Scale. The findings suggest a need for individualized and comprehensive approaches to the presentation of exercise programs. Health interventions are needed that will address both physical pain and depressed affect and explain the importance of exercise even in the presence of health problems. An understanding of the context of reported barriers and motivators is necessary for correct interpretation and program development.

scholarly journals Using postal questionnaires to identify carer depression prior to initial patient contact

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 169-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candida R. Graham ◽  
Sube Banerjee ◽  
Randeep S. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Postal Questionnaire ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Mental Health Team ◽  
Local Initiative

Aims and MethodTo assess whether postal questionnaires, used as a local initiative, were useful in identifying carer depression allowing early support for community-dwelling carers of older adults with mental health needs. the Geriatric Depression Scale and a questionnaire collecting information on the carer's circumstances were sent to carers of consecutive patients routinely referred to a community mental health team for older adults in south London. Rates of carer depression between postal questionnaire responders and non-responders were compared.ResultsThe response rate to the postal questionnaires (33%) was similar to that observed in other postal studies; 42% of responders had depression compared with only 4.6% of non-responders.Clinical ImplicationsPre-contact postal questionnaires may present a simple method of enhancing early detection of carer depression for minimal economic outlay.

scholarly journals Reduced Plasma Levels of α-Klotho and Their Correlation With Klotho Polymorphisms in Elderly Patients With Major Depressive Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Gao ◽  
Zuoli Sun ◽  
Guangwei Ma ◽  
Yuhong Li ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Transmembrane Protein ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Hamilton Depression Scale ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Major Depressive Disorders

Background: Recent literature suggests that α-Klotho, a widely recognized anti-aging protein, is involved in longevity as well as in many diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, and depression. Although the Klotho gene encodes α-Klotho, a single transmembrane protein with intracellular and extracellular domains, the relationship between Klotho gene polymorphism and circulating α-Klotho levels in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) is not clear.Methods: A total of 144 MDD patients and 112 age-matched healthy controls were included in this study. The Klotho genetic polymorphisms (rs9536314, rs9527025, and rs9315202) and plasma α-Klotho levels were measured by PCR and ELISA, respectively. The severity of depressive symptoms was estimated using the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD).Results: We found a significantly lower level of plasma α-Klotho in the MDD patients than in controls. Among them, only elderly MDD patients (first episode) showed significantly lower α-Klotho levels than the age-matched controls, while elderly recurrent and young MDD patients showed no difference in plasma α-Klotho levels from age-matched controls. The young MDD group showed a significantly earlier onset age, higher plasma α-Klotho levels, and lower HAMD scores than those in the elderly MDD group. While the plasma α-Klotho levels were higher in rs9315202 T alleles carrier regardless age or sex, the rs9315202 T allele was negatively correlated with disease severity only in the elderly MDD patients.Conclusion: The results of our study showed that only elderly MDD patients showed a decrease in plasma α-Klotho levels along with an increase in disease severity as well as an association with the number of rs9315202 T alleles, and not young MDD patients compared to age-matched controls. Our data suggest that circulating α-Klotho levels combined with Klotho genetic polymorphisms are important in elderly MDD patients, particularly carriers of the Klotho gene rs9315202 T allele.

Cognitive Impairment and Depression in Community-Dwelling Older Korean Women

2009 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 569-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksoo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Korean Women ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Community Centers ◽  
Service Community ◽  
State Examination

Cognitive impairment and depression were investigated in older Korean women. 143 Korean women ( M age = 75.8) attending four senior service community centers in Seoul participated. 27% scored as possibly demented and 15% as demented on the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination. 57% scored as depressed on the Korean Geriatric Depression Scale. Younger elderly women (ages 65–74 years) displayed less cognitive impairment than older women. Older elderly Korean women (> 75 yr.) who lived with their spouses scored as more cognitively stable than those who lived without spouses. Those with inadequate income scored higher on Depression, which was inversely correlated with cognitive function in the entire sample. Dementia and depression were found to be more frequent in this elderly sample than previously reported by the Korean government.

Proposed Factor Structure of the Geriatric Depression Scale

1991 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javaid I. Sheikh ◽  
Jerome A. Yesavage ◽  
John O. Brooks ◽  
Leah Friedman ◽  
Peter Gratzinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Social Withdrawal ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Underlying Structure ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Varimax Rotation

The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) is commonly used to measure depression in the elderly. However, there have been no reports of the underlying structure of the GDS. To this end, the GDS was administered to 326 community-dwelling elderly subjects, and the data were subjected to a factor analysis. A five-factor solution was selected and, after a varimax rotation, the factors that emerged could be described as: (1) sad mood, (2) lack of energy, (3) positive mood, (4) agitation, and (5) social withdrawal. This solution accounted for 42.9% of the variance. Knowledge of the factor structure should aid both clinicians and researchers in the interpretation of responses on the GDS.

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