scholarly journals Reduced Plasma Levels of α-Klotho and Their Correlation With Klotho Polymorphisms in Elderly Patients With Major Depressive Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Gao ◽  
Zuoli Sun ◽  
Guangwei Ma ◽  
Yuhong Li ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Transmembrane Protein ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Hamilton Depression Scale ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Major Depressive Disorders

Background: Recent literature suggests that α-Klotho, a widely recognized anti-aging protein, is involved in longevity as well as in many diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, and depression. Although the Klotho gene encodes α-Klotho, a single transmembrane protein with intracellular and extracellular domains, the relationship between Klotho gene polymorphism and circulating α-Klotho levels in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) is not clear.Methods: A total of 144 MDD patients and 112 age-matched healthy controls were included in this study. The Klotho genetic polymorphisms (rs9536314, rs9527025, and rs9315202) and plasma α-Klotho levels were measured by PCR and ELISA, respectively. The severity of depressive symptoms was estimated using the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD).Results: We found a significantly lower level of plasma α-Klotho in the MDD patients than in controls. Among them, only elderly MDD patients (first episode) showed significantly lower α-Klotho levels than the age-matched controls, while elderly recurrent and young MDD patients showed no difference in plasma α-Klotho levels from age-matched controls. The young MDD group showed a significantly earlier onset age, higher plasma α-Klotho levels, and lower HAMD scores than those in the elderly MDD group. While the plasma α-Klotho levels were higher in rs9315202 T alleles carrier regardless age or sex, the rs9315202 T allele was negatively correlated with disease severity only in the elderly MDD patients.Conclusion: The results of our study showed that only elderly MDD patients showed a decrease in plasma α-Klotho levels along with an increase in disease severity as well as an association with the number of rs9315202 T alleles, and not young MDD patients compared to age-matched controls. Our data suggest that circulating α-Klotho levels combined with Klotho genetic polymorphisms are important in elderly MDD patients, particularly carriers of the Klotho gene rs9315202 T allele.

scholarly journals Development of a Nomogram for Predicting Depression in the Elderly Using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 among a Nationwide Sample of Korean Elderly

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 645
Author(s):  
Haewon Byeon
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Subjective Health Status ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Moderate Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Major Depressive Disorders

This cross-sectional study developed a nomogram that could allow medical professionals in the primary care setting to easily and visually confirm high-risk groups of depression. This study analyzed 4011 elderly people (≥60 years old) who completed a health survey, blood pressure, physical measurement, blood test, and a standardized depression screening test. A major depressive disorder was measured using the Korean version of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). This study built a model for predicting major depressive disorders using logistic regression analysis to understand the relationship of each variable with major depressive disorders. In the result, the prevalence of depression measured by PHQ-9 was 6.8%. The results of multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the major depressive disorder of the elderly living alone was significantly (p < 0.05) related to monthly mean household income, the mean frequency of having breakfast per week for the past year, moderate-intensity physical activity, subjective level of stress awareness, and subjective health status. The results of this study implied that it would be necessary to continuously monitor these complex risk factors such as household income, skipping breakfast, moderate-intensity physical activity, subjective stress, and subjective health status to prevent depression among older adults living in the community.

scholarly journals Abnormalities in Electroencephalographic Microstates Among Adolescents With First Episode Major Depressive Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqiong He ◽  
Qianting Yu ◽  
Tingyu Yang ◽  
Yaru Zhang ◽  
Kun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Hamilton Depression Scale ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Hamd Score ◽  
Eeg Changes ◽  
Microstate Analysis

Background: Recent studies have reported changes in the electroencephalograms (EEG) of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, little research has explored EEG differences between adolescents with MDD and healthy controls, particularly EEG microstates differences. The aim of the current study was to characterize EEG microstate activity in adolescents with MDD and healthy controls (HCs).Methods: A total of 35 adolescents with MDD and 35 HCs were recruited in this study. The depressive symptoms were assessed by Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), and the anxiety symptoms were assessed by Chinese version of DSM-5 Level 2-Anxiety-Child scale. A 64-channel EEG was recorded for 5 min (eye closed, resting-state) and analyzed using microstate analysis. Microstate properties were compared between groups and correlated with patients' depression scores.Results: We found increased occurrence and contribution of microstate B in MDD patients compared to HCs, and decreased occurrence and contribution of microstate D in MDD patients compared to HCs. While no significant correlation between depression severity (HAMD score) and the microstate metrics (occurrence and contribution of microstate B and D) differing between MDD adolescents and HCs was found.Conclusions: Adolescents with MDD showed microstate B and microstate D changes. The obtained results may deepen our understanding of dynamic EEG changes among adolescents with MDD and provide some evidence of changes in brain development in adolescents with MDD.

Hippocampus, glucocorticoids and neurocognitive functions in patients with first-episode major depressive disorders

2009 ◽  
Vol 260 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semra Ulusoy Kaymak ◽  
Başaran Demir ◽  
Senem Şentürk ◽  
Ilkan Tatar ◽  
M. Mustafa Aldur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Neurocognitive Functions ◽  
Major Depressive Disorders

Major depressive disorder, anhedonia, and agomelatine: An open-label study

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 650-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Martinotti ◽  
G. Di Iorio ◽  
R. Guglielmo ◽  
D. De Berardis ◽  
L. Janiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Hamilton Depression Scale ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Secondary Endpoints ◽  
Hamilton Anxiety Scale

IntroductionToday there is a large number of antidepressant drugs. However, the effect of treatment is often suboptimal. Unlike other antidepressants agomelatine has a novel neurochemical mechanism. It is an MT1 and MT2 melatonergic receptor agonist and a selective antagonist of the 5-HT2C receptors. In this open-label 8-week study we aimed to investigate the efficacy of agomelatine on depressive symptoms in patients with major depression. Secondary endpoints were the effect of agomelatine on anhedonia.MethodsThirty major depressive patients received a flexible dose (25–50 mg; per os, daily) of agomelatine. Depressive (Hamilton Depression Scale) and anxious (Hamilton Anxiety Scale) symptoms, anhedonia (Snaith Hamilton Rating Scale), and sleep quality (Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire) were assessed.ResultsTwenty-four patients (80%) completed 8 weeks of treatment. Significant improvements were seen at all visits on the HAM-D (p< .05), HAM-A(p< .01), SHAPS (p< .05), LSEQ (p< .05). Nine subjects (30%) were responders and 5 (17%) remitters at week 1; 18 (60%) were remitters by the end of the trial. There was no serious adverse event. No aminotrasferase elevations were noted.DiscussionIn line with previous studies, in which agomelatine was associated with early clinical improvement this study also provides evidence of an early response and the findings of improvements in depression scores. Beside this is the first study where agomelatine was effective in the treatment of anhedonia. Additional trials are needed to delineate the place of agomelatine in the contemporary pharmacotherapy for depressive disorders.

scholarly journals Inflammatory versus Anti-Inflammatory Profiles in Major Depressive Disorders—The Role of IL-17, IL-21, IL-23, IL-35 and Foxp3

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Gałecka ◽  
Katarzyna Bliźniewska-Kowalska ◽  
Agata Orzechowska ◽  
Janusz Szemraj ◽  
Michael Maes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hamilton Depression Scale ◽  
Major Depressive Disorders ◽  
Severity Of Depression

Background: The authors of this research study intended to verify whether there are any changes in gene expression in depressed patients without coexisting inflammatory diseases for selected immune-inflammatory factors that are particularly important in autoimmune disease pathogenesis (IL-17, IL-21, IL-23, IL-35, Foxp3). Methods: The study was carried out on a group of 190 patients with depression and 100 healthy volunteers. The severity of depressive symptoms was assessed using the Hamilton Depression Scale. RT-PCR was used to evaluate mRNA expression and ELISA was used to measure protein expression of these genes. Results: The level of gene expression for IL-17, IL-21, IL-23, and IL-35 was substantially higher in the group of patients with depression compared to the control group. The mean mRNA expression of Foxp3 was considerably reduced in patients suffering from depressive disorders. There was a statistically significant correlation between the number of hospitalizations and the expression of specific inflammatory factors. Conclusions: Expression of specific inflammatory genes may be a factor in the etiopathogenesis of depressive disorders. The duration of the disease seems to be more important for the expression of the genes in question than the severity of depression. These cytokines may affect the metabolism of neurotransmitters and neuroendocrine functions in the brain as well as be a marker and a new potential therapeutic target for recurrent depressive disorders.

Association of glucocorticoid receptor polymorphisms with the susceptibility to major depressive disorder and treatment responses in Korean depressive patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hwa-Young Lee ◽  
Rhee-Hun Kang ◽  
Sang-Woo Han ◽  
Jong-Woo Paik ◽  
Hun Soo Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Glucocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Hamilton Depression Scale ◽  
Stress Reactions ◽  
Major Depressive

Objective:Major depressive disorder (MDD) is closely related to stress reactions and serotonin probably underpins the pathophysiology of MDD. Alterations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis at the gene level have reciprocal consequences on serotonin neurotransmission. Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) polymorphisms affect glucocorticoid sensitivity, which is associated with cortisol feedback effects. Therefore, we hypothesised that GR polymorphisms are associated with the susceptibility to MDD and predict the treatment response.Method:Ninety-six subjects with a minimum score of 17 on the 21-item Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) at baseline were enrolled into the present study. The genotypes of GR (N363S, ER22/23EK, Bcl1, and TthIII1 polymorphisms) were analysed. The HAMD score was again measured after 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of antidepressant treatment to detect whether the therapeutic effects differed with the GR genotype.Results:Our subjects carried no N363S or ER22/23EK genetic polymorphisms and three types of Bcl1 and TthIII1 genetic polymorphisms. The C/C genotype and C allele at Bcl1 polymorphism were more frequent in MDD patients than in normal controls (p < 0.01 and p = 0.01, respectively). The genotype distributions did not differ significantly between responders and non-responders.Conclusion:These results suggest that GR polymorphism cannot predict the therapeutic response after antidepressant administration. However, GR polymorphism (Bcl1) might play a role in the pathophysiology of MDD. Future studies should check this finding in larger populations with different characteristics.

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