Does cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder impact on a SIMPLe app use?

2021 ◽  
Vol 282 ◽  
pp. 488-494
Author(s):  
Caterina del Mar Bonnín ◽  
Brisa Solé ◽  
María Reinares ◽  
Aitana García-Estela ◽  
Ludovic Samalin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Impairment

Assessment of the neuronal underpinnings of cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder with a picture encoding paradigm and methodological lessons learnt

2021 ◽  
pp. 026988112110085
Author(s):  
JZ Petersen ◽  
J Macoveanu ◽  
HL Kjærstad ◽  
GM Knudsen ◽  
LV Kessing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Small Region ◽  
Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Recall Accuracy ◽  
Fmri Study

Background: Mood disorders are often associated with persistent cognitive impairments. However, pro-cognitive treatments are essentially lacking. This is partially because of poor insight into the neurocircuitry abnormalities underlying these deficits and their change with illness progression. Aims: This functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study investigates the neuronal underpinnings of cognitive impairments and neuronal change after mood episodes in remitted patients with bipolar disorder (BD) using a hippocampus-based picture encoding paradigm. Methods: Remitted patients with BD ( n=153) and healthy controls ( n=52) were assessed with neuropsychological tests and underwent fMRI while performing a strategic picture encoding task. A subgroup of patients ( n=43) were rescanned after 16 months. We conducted data-driven hierarchical cluster analysis of patients’ neuropsychological data and compared encoding-related neuronal activity between the resulting neurocognitive subgroups. For patients with follow-up data, effects of mood episodes were assessed by comparing encoding-related neuronal activity change in BD patients with and without episode(s). Results: Two neurocognitive subgroups were revealed: 91 patients displayed cognitive impairments while 62 patients were cognitively normal. No neuronal activity differences were observed between neurocognitive subgroups within the dorsal cognitive control network or hippocampus. However, exploratory whole-brain analysis revealed lower activity within a small region of middle temporal gyrus in impaired patients, which significantly correlated with poorer neuropsychological performance. No changes were observed in encoding-related neuronal activity or picture recall accuracy with the occurrence of mood episode(s) during the follow-up period. Conclusion: Memory encoding fMRI paradigms may not capture the neuronal underpinnings of cognitive impairment or effects of mood episodes.

Using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) to assess cognitive impairment in older patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennyfer Cholet ◽  
Anne Sauvaget ◽  
Jean-Marie Vanelle ◽  
Caroline Hommet ◽  
Karl Mondon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Brief Assessment

Abnormalities of the HPA axis in affective disorders: clinical subtypes and potential treatments

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 193-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Porter ◽  
Peter Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Depression ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Hpa Axis Dysregulation ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
The Brain

Background:New evidence is emerging regarding abnormalities of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function in subtypes of affective disorders. Adverse effects of HPA axis dysregulation may include dysfunction of monoaminergic transmitter systems, cognitive impairment and peripheral effects. Newer treatments specifically targeting the HPA axis are being developed.Objective:To review these developments focusing particularly on the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist mifepristone.Method:A selective review of the literature.Results:The function of GRs is increasingly being defined. The role of corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in the brain is also increasingly understood. HPA axis function is particularly likely to be abnormal in psychotic depression and bipolar disorder, and it is in these conditions that trials of the GR antagonist mifepristone are being focused. CRH antagonists and DHEA are also being investigated as potential treatments.Conclusion:Initial studies of mifepristone and other HPA-axis-targeting agents in psychotic depression and bipolar disorder are encouraging and confirmatory studies are awaited.

Electroconvulsive therapy awareness as approach for psychology students

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (73) (1) ◽  
pp. 226-233
Author(s):  
Simona Trifu ◽  
Elena Mănicu ◽  
Milu Petruţ ◽  
Adrian Nicu Lupu
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽  
Psychology Students ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
Clinical Literature ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Current Guidelines ◽  
Over Time

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) generated many controversies over time. The clinical literature establishing the efficacy of ECT is among the most solid for any medical treatment, and has been extensively reviewed; however, both practitioners and patients seem to be still reluctant on this issue. In the following review we are aiming at raising the level of awareness among the interested parties regarding ECT. Epidemiological evidence shows that there are a growing number of cases in which ECT has a great benefit, among the most notable being pharmacological resistant depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, catatonia and others. Current guidelines seem to be overly-prudent regarding ECT indications, in spite of a growing body of research attesting to its importance. Side effects of ECT range from somatic to cognitive and, with a careful prior examination, most are acute and can be managed in a few minutes. An exception to this is the cognitive impairment, which can last from a few hours to a few weeks and presents a reason to reconsider ECT in elderly patients with an important preexisting cognitive impairment.

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