A High-Fiber Breakfast Cereal Attenuates Postprandial Triglyceridemia and Associated Impairment of Endothelial Function Following a High-Fat Meal in Youth

The consumption of fiber-rich foods may negate the deleterious effects of high-fat meals on postprandial triglyceridemia and endothelial function. Despite supportive data in adults, little is known about the effects of high-fat and high-fiber foods on cardiovascular health parameters in pediatric populations. In this crossover trial, male and female adolescents (n = 10; 14.1 + 2.6 years; range 10–17 years) consumed (1) low-fat, low-fiber, (2) low-fat, high-fiber, (3) high-fat, low-fiber, and (4) high-fat, high-fiber breakfast meals in randomized order, each following an overnight fast. Baseline and 4 h post-meal blood was obtained for determination of glucose, insulin and triglyceride concentrations. Endothelial function was assessed via brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD). Postprandial FMD was not significantly changed after any meal. However, regression analyses revealed a significant inverse relationship between the change in 4 h triglyceride concentration and change in 4 h FMD for the high-fat, low-fiber meal (β = −0.087; 95% CI = −0.138 to −0.037; p = 0.001) that was no longer significant in the high-fat, high-fiber meal (β = −0.044; 95% CI = −0.117 to 0.029; p = 0.227). Interpretation of these analyses must be qualified by acknowledging that between-meal comparison revealed that the two regression lines were not statistically different (p = 0.226). Addition of high-fiber cereal to the high-fat meal also reduced 4 h postprandial triglyceride increases by ~50% (p = 0.056). A high-fiber breakfast cereal did not attenuate postprandial glucose and insulin responses after consumption of a low-fat meal. While further work is needed to confirm these results in larger cohorts, our findings indicate the potential importance of cereal fiber in blunting the inverse relationship between postprandial hypertriglyceridemia and FMD after consumption of a high-fat meal in adolescents.

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Acute Effect of High-Fat Meal on Endothelial Function in Moderately Dyslipidemic Subjects

Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology ◽

10.1161/01.atv.0000152231.93590.17 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 406-410 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

C. Giannattasio ◽

A. Zoppo ◽

G. Gentile ◽

M. Failla ◽

A. Capra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Function ◽

Acute Effect ◽

High Fat ◽

Fat Meal

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The Effect of a High-Fat Meal on Endothelial Function in Physically Active Versus Sedentary Adults

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000273238.09699.16 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 39 (Supplement) ◽

pp. S84 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jaume Padilla ◽

Ryan A. Harris ◽

Kevin P. Hanlon ◽

Shelby S. Sutton ◽

Alyce D. Fly ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Function ◽

High Fat ◽

Physically Active ◽

Fat Meal

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307 Impact of a single mixed mediterranean-type meal relative to a high-fat meal on metabolic markers and postprandial endothelial function

Canadian Journal of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/j.cjca.2011.07.233 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 27 (5) ◽

pp. S174-S175

Author(s):

S. Lacroix ◽

C. Des Rosiers ◽

M. Gayda ◽

J. Tardif ◽

A. Nigam

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Function ◽

High Fat ◽

Metabolic Markers ◽

Fat Meal

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BH4 improves postprandial endothelial function after a high-fat meal in men and postmenopausal women

Menopause The Journal of The North American Menopause Society ◽

10.1097/gme.0000000000000785 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (5) ◽

pp. 555-562 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yashesh Shah ◽

Leon Bass ◽

Gareth W. Davison ◽

Nichole Seigler ◽

Jennifer S. Pollock ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Function ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

High Fat ◽

Fat Meal

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Study Protocol: A 2-Month Cross-Over Controlled Feeding Trial Investigating the Effect of Animal and Plant Protein Intake on the Metabolome and Cardiometabolic Health

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzab057_011 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 1281-1281

Author(s):

Gaïa Lépine ◽

François Mariotti ◽

Jean-François Huneau ◽

Nathalie Poupin ◽

Marie Tremblay-Franco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Function ◽

Plant Protein ◽

Metabolic Phenotype ◽

Cardiometabolic Health ◽

High Fat ◽

Feeding Trial ◽

Dietary Shift ◽

Inflammatory Status ◽

Fasted State ◽

Fat Meal

Abstract Objectives A dietary shift in favor of plant protein (PP) sources over animal protein (AP) sources has been advocated for both sustainability and health reasons, this dietary transition being noticeably associated to decreased cardiovascular and diabetes risks. The differences in amino acid composition between PP and AP may have several effects on the metabolic pathways, and in turn health impacts, which are still poorly characterized. This project aims at characterizing, with a combination of “omics” approaches, the metabolic reorientations induced by a dietary shift from AP to PP sources and understanding their health effects in a population at cardiometabolic risk. Methods We will conduct a cross-over randomized feeding trial (NCT04236518) in 20 healthy overweight males (BMI 25–35), aged 25–55, with an enlarged waist circumference (> 94cm) and high plasma triglycerides (>1.5g/L). Participants will be assigned for 1 month each to 2 diets containing predominantly either AP (65% AP:35% PP) or PP (35% AP:65% PP) in a randomized order, separated by a 2-week wash-out period. Lunch and diner will be directly provided while dietary guidelines will be given for breakfast and snacks. Blood, urine and stool samples will be collected at the fasted state every 2 weeks. At the end of each dietary intervention, blood and urine will be collected following a high fat meal, which challenges metabolism and vascular homeostasis. Plasma and urine non-targeted metabolomics analyses (LC-MS) will be combined with Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell (PBMC) transcriptomics and fluxomics analyses (D2O tracer) to get a comprehensive overview of the metabolic phenotype associated with AP or PP intake. Flow-Mediated Dilatation (FMD) and Flow Laser Doppler (FLD) will be used to measure respectively macrovascular endothelial function and microvascular skin blood flow at the fasted state and after the high-fat meal. We will also measure anthropometric parameters and analyze biochemistry and inflammatory markers. Results Not applicable (protocols abstract). Conclusions We expect the multi-omics fingerprinting to reveal subtle metabolic differences associated to AP or PP intake, with a positive effect of PP intake. Improved inflammatory status and endothelial function are also expected to be associated to PP intake. Funding Sources INRAE and Roquette Frères.

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Impairment of endothelial function after a high-fat meal in patients with coronary artery disease

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

10.1097/00019501-200111000-00006 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 561-565 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Shui-Ping Zhao ◽

Ling Liu ◽

Mei Gao ◽

Qi-Chang Zhou ◽

Yu-Ling Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Endothelial Function ◽

High Fat ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Fat Meal

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A comparison between active- and reactive-hyperaemia-induced brachial artery vasodilation

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs20050328 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 110 (3) ◽

pp. 387-392 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Jaume Padilla ◽

Ryan A. Harris ◽

Alyce D. Fly ◽

Lawrence D. Rink ◽

Janet P. Wallace

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Function ◽

Brachial Artery ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Reactive Hyperaemia ◽

High Fat ◽

Low Fat ◽

Balanced Design ◽

Treatment Conditions ◽

Main Effects ◽

Fat Meal

The measurement of brachial artery vasodilation in response to a hyperaemic stimulus has been used extensively to assess changes in endothelial function. However, whether or not similar changes occur in response to an active hyperaemic stimulus is unknown. The purpose of the present study was to compare brachial artery vasodilation in response to an active compared with a reactive hyperaemic stimulus following a known perturbation of endothelial function. Eight apparently healthy adults were assigned to four treatment conditions in a counter-balanced design: (i) low-fat meal with active hyperaemic stimulus (LFM-A), (ii) high-fat meal with active hyperaemic stimulus (HFM-A), (iii) low-fat meal with reactive hyperaemic stimulus (LFM-R), and (iv) high-fat meal with reactive hyperaemic stimulus (HFM-R). Meals were ingested at 08:00 hours on each treatment day. Brachial artery vasodilation was assessed via ultrasound 4 h after ingestion of each meal. The active hyperaemic stimulus was induced by 5 min of rhythmic handgrip exercise, whereas reactive hyperaemia was induced by 5 min of forearm occlusion. Brachial artery vasodilation was expressed as the percentage change in diameter from baseline to post-active/reactive hyperaemia. Using a 2×2 repeated measures ANOVA, a significant stimulus×meal interaction (P=0.025) was found. Simple main effects revealed no difference (P=0.541) in brachial artery vasodilation between LFM-A (5.75±1.64%) and HFM-A (6.39±1.45%); however, a significant decrease (P=0.014) in brachial artery vasodilation was found in the HFM-R (4.29±1.64%) compared with the LFM-R (7.18±1.13%) treatment. In conclusion, the measurement of brachial artery vasodilation in response to active hyperaemia did not detect a change in endothelial function following a single perturbation meal, whereas reactive hyperaemia did.

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The effect of acute fish-oil supplementation on endothelial function and arterial stiffness following a high-fat meal

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/h10-020 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 294-302 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Christopher A. Fahs ◽

Huimin Yan ◽

Sushant Ranadive ◽

Lindy M. Rossow ◽

Stamatis Agiovlasitis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Endothelial Function ◽

Fish Oil ◽

Brachial Artery ◽

Omega 3 ◽

High Fat ◽

Time Interaction ◽

Artery Stiffness ◽

Fish Oil Supplementation ◽

Fat Meal

This study examined whether a commercially available fish-oil supplement offers protection from the acute effects of a high-fat meal (HFM) on endothelial function and arterial stiffness. An HFM causes acute impairments in endothelial function, whereas the omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have a variety of cardioprotective effects. However, little is known about the efficacy of moderate fish-oil supplementation on the endothelial dysfunction induced by an HFM. Endothelial function (brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD)), forearm blood flow (FBF), total hyperemia, central and peripheral blood pressure, and central artery stiffness were assessed in 20 healthy men (n = 10) and women (n = 10) at rest and 4 h after an HFM supplemented with either placebo or ∼1 g EPA and DHA. Brachial artery FMD normalized for shear rate was significantly impaired (p = 0.033) following the HFM with placebo but remained unchanged compared with baseline following the HFM with the fish-oil supplement (p = 0.039; condition × time interaction). Resting FBF (p = 0.020) and total hyperemia (p = 0.014) were elevated following the HFM. All other vascular and hemodynamic measurements were unchanged in both trials. Commercially available fish-oil supplements taken with an HFM appear to preserve endothelial function following an HFM.

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