Vitamin C preserves endothelial function in patients with coronary heart disease after a high-fat meal

Background: Alternate day fasting (ADF) with a low-fat (LF) diet is effective for weight loss and cardio-protection. However, the applicability of these findings is questionable as most Americans consume a high-fat (HF) diet. This study examined if these beneficial changes in weight and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk can be reproduced if a HF diet is used in place of a LF diet during ADF. Methods: Thirty-two obese subjects were randomized to an ADF-HF (45% fat) or ADF-LF diet (25% fat), which consisted of two phases: 1) a 2-week baseline weight maintenance period, and 2) an 8-week ADF weight loss period. All food was provided to subjects. Results: Body weight was reduced (P < 0.0001) by ADF-HF (5 ± 1%) and by ADF-LF (4 ± 1%). Fat mass decreased (P < 0.0001) by ADF-HF (5 ± 1 kg) and ADF-LF (4 ± 1 kg). Fat free mass remained unchanged. Waist circumference decreased (P < 0.001) by ADF-HF (7 ± 1 cm) and ADF-LF (7 ± 1 cm). LDL cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations were reduced (P < 0.01) by both interventions (ADF-HF: 18 ± 5%, 14 ± 5%; ADF-LF: 24 ± 3%, 14 ± 4%). The proportion of small LDL particles decreased (P < 0.05) in the ADF-HF and ADF-LF groups by 8 ± 3% and 10 ± 4%. Conclusion: Thus, an ADF-HF diet produces similar reductions in weight and CHD risk as an ADF-LF diet. These findings are important in terms of diet tolerability and long-term adherence to ADF diets.

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A Network Pharmacology Analysis to Reveal the Molecular Mechanism of Zhizi-Danshen on Coronary Heart Disease

10.21203/rs.3.rs-85979/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yue-hong Shen ◽

Shu-lin Wang ◽

Na Wu ◽

Yu-chen Dai ◽

Qian Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Endothelial Function ◽

Signaling Pathway ◽

Target Genes ◽

Cardiac Fibrosis ◽

Fluid Shear Stress ◽

Network Pharmacology ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Vascular Endothelial Function

Abstract ObjectiveOur study aimed to investigate the potential mechanisms of the herb pair Zhizi-Danshen (ZD) for coronary heart disease (CHD) using network pharmacological data mining technology.MethodsThe Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology (TCMSP) database was used to collect the active ingredients of ZD and predict ZD-related target proteins. Afterwards, we identified CHD-related targets from DisGeNET database, NCBI gene database, and TTD database. The common targets both from ZD and CHD were screened by Venny2.1, which were then imported into the String database for protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis. Finally, the GO and KEGG enrichment analysis were performed by R software, and the network construction was established using Cytoscape3.7.2.ResultsWe obtained 199 possible targets from 62 candidate ingredients of ZD and 1033 CHD-ralated targets, with 83 overlapping common target genes. Then, 11 core targets were acquired from PPI network analysis. Further, GO analysis showed that these common targets mainly influenced receptor ligand activity，cytokine activity，cytokine receptor binding，steroid hormone receptor activity, and peptide binding. KEGG pathway analysis indicated that ZD affected CHD through seven important pathways linked to vascular endothelial function regulation (fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis，AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, HIF-1 signaling pathway), imflammatory effects (IL-17 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway，Toll-like receptor signaling pathway)，and hormone regulation (relaxin signaling pathway). ConclusionsThis study revealed the potential pharmacological mechanisms of ZD against CHD, which were mainly associated with regulation of vascular endothelial function and inflammatory effects, promotion of vasodilatation, and prevention of cardiac fibrosis. Moreover, it provided a novel conception for the development of alternative therapies on CHD.

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Effect Of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids On Endothelial Function, Leptin Level, Blood Lipid Profile In Patients With Coronary Heart Disease In Combination With Non-Alcoholic Steatosis.

Atherosclerosis ◽

10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.06.432 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 287 ◽

pp. e145

Author(s):

M. Grechanyk

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Endothelial Function ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Blood Lipid Profile

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A network pharmacology approach to reveal the protective mechanism of Salvia miltiorrhiza-Dalbergia odorifera coupled-herbs on coronary heart disease

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-56050-5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Fei Li ◽

Jialin Duan ◽

Meina Zhao ◽

Shaojie Huang ◽

Fei Mu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Endothelial Function ◽

Salvia Miltiorrhiza ◽

Network Pharmacology ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Bioactive Components ◽

Vascular Endothelial Function ◽

Dalbergia Odorifera

AbstractSalvia miltiorrhiza-Dalbergia odorifera coupled-herbs (SMDOCH) has been used to treat coronary heart disease (CHD) for thousands of years, but its unclear bioactive components and mechanisms greatly limit its clinical application. In this study, for the first time, we used network pharmacology to elucidate the mechanisms of action of SMDOCH on CHD. We collected 270 SMDOCH-related targets from 74 bioactive components and 375 CHD-related targets, with 58 overlapping common targets. Next, we performed enrichment analysis for common-target network and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. The results showed that SMDOCH affected CHD mainly through 10 significant signaling pathways in three biological processes: ‘vascular endothelial function regulation’, ‘inflammatory response’, and ‘lipid metabolism’. Six pathways belonged to the ‘vascular endothelial function regulation’ model, which primarily regulated hormone (renin, angiotensin, oestrogen) activity, and included three key upstream pathways that influence vascular endothelial function, namely KEGG:04933, KEGG:05418, and KEGG:04066. Three pathways, namely KEGG:04668, KEGG:04064, and KEGG:04620, belonged to the ‘inflammatory response’ model. One pathway (KEGG:04920) belonged to the ‘lipid metabolism’ model. To some extent, this study revealed the potential bioactive components and pharmacological mechanisms of SMDOCH on CHD, and provided a new direction for the development of new drugs for the treatment of CHD.

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