Timing of Social Transition for Transgender and Gender Diverse Youth, K-12 Harassment, and Adult Mental Health Outcomes

AbstractBackgroundTrans and gender diverse (TGD) young people worldwide experience high rates of poor mental health; however, these rates were unknown in Australia. In addition, how negative life events affect the mental health of TGD young people has been largely unexplored.MethodsThis paper reports on novel mental health findings of Trans Pathways, the largest study ever conducted in Australia with trans (transgender) and gender diverse young people (N = 859; aged 14–25 years). The study was an anonymous online cross-sectional survey undertaken in 2016. Logistic and linear regression models were used to test associations between mental health outcomes and negative life experiences.ResultsTGD young people in Australia experience high levels of mental distress, including self-harming (79.7%), suicidal thoughts (82.4%), and attempting suicide (48.1%). Three in four participants had been diagnosed with depression and/or anxiety (74.6% and 72.2%, respectively). Many TGD young people had been exposed to negative experiences such as peer rejection (89.0%), precarious accommodation (22.0%), bullying (74.0%), and discrimination (68.9%). Most poor mental health outcomes were associated with negative experiences. The strongest associations were found for precarious accommodation and issues within educational settings. For example, participants with a prior suicide attempt were almost six times more likely to have experienced issues with accommodation, including homelessness.ConclusionsThe current results highlight the urgent need for better mental health care and provide insight into areas for targeted mental health interventions. These findings are pertinent for clinicians working with trans young people and wider society.

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Evidence of sexual orientation and gender differences in mental health outcomes for violent crime victims

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e669802012-321 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Robert J. Cramer ◽

Martha Shumway ◽

Amanda M. Amacker ◽

Dale E. McNiel ◽

Sarah Holley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Gender Differences ◽

Sexual Orientation ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Violent Crime ◽

Crime Victims ◽

Mental Health Outcomes ◽

And Gender

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Mental health among transgender and gender diverse youth: An exploration of effects during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity ◽

10.1037/sgd0000467 ◽

2021 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lisa D. Hawke ◽

Em Hayes ◽

Karleigh Darnay ◽

Joanna Henderson

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Gender Diverse ◽

And Gender ◽

Diverse Youth

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The association between regular marijuana use and adult mental health outcomes

Drug and Alcohol Dependence ◽

10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.06.016 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 179 ◽

pp. 109-116 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Katarina Guttmannova ◽

Rick Kosterman ◽

Helene R. White ◽

Jennifer A. Bailey ◽

Jungeun Olivia Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Marijuana Use ◽

Mental Health Outcomes ◽

Adult Mental Health

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Expanding the Utility of Race-Based Accountability: An Application of RBA to Longitudinal Data Analyses

Race and Justice ◽

10.1177/2153368718811046 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 60-79

Author(s):

Andrea L. Ruiz ◽

Gabriel A. Acevedo ◽

Raquel R. Marquez ◽

Marcos Marquez

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Social Support ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Childhood Abuse ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Mental Health Outcomes ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Adult Mental Health

Despite the strong empirical evidence linking childhood abuse to negative mental health outcomes later in life, a number of questions remain regarding race variations in this association. Moreover, less is known about the salience of protective factors that can offset or ameliorate the negative effects of abuse on adult mental health, and whether these factors work differently by race. Using three waves of panel data from a nationally representative survey of American adults, the present study examined the long-term effects of childhood abuse on adult mental health over a span of 20 years. In addition, we assessed social support as a protective factor, and examined its differential effects on mental health outcomes for Whites and non-Whites. Results indicate that despite frequent childhood abuse, social support is associated with less depression for Whites—its positive effects being most pronounced for those with the most severe abuse experiences. However, social support is associated with worst depression for non-Whites—its negative effects being most pronounced for those with severe abuse experiences. These findings demonstrate that the factors commonly considered as protective and beneficial for adult victims of abuse work differently across racial groups and in fact, may be detrimental for non-Whites.

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Predictors of Interest in Participation in an Animal-Assisted Activity Program among Elderly Citizens

Society and Animals ◽

10.1163/15685306-12341407 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 213-229 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Oriel J. Strickland ◽

Stacie Davidson

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Assisted Living ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Attitude Scale ◽

Mental Health Outcomes ◽

Willingness To Participate ◽

Activity Program ◽

And Gender

Animal-Assisted Activity Programs have been shown to improve physiological and mental health outcomes among program participants. The purpose of this study was to assess the significance of gender, depression, and companion animal attitudes as predictors of interest in participation in an animal-assisted activity program. The participants were 62 residents (average age 82 years) at assisted-living centers who responded to survey measures including the Pet Attitude Scale (pas), Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (ces-d), and a newly developed scale to measure interest in an animal assisted activity program. Pet attitudes and gender significantly predicted willingness to participate in the program. These results provide a contribution to the literature, which has not yet documented predictors of interest in participation in such a program among elderly citizens.

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Impact of falls on mental health outcomes for older adult mental health patients: An Australian study

International Journal of Mental Health Nursing ◽

10.1111/inm.12164 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 3-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Karen Ruth Heslop ◽

Dianne Gaye Wynaden

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Older Adult ◽

Mental Health Outcomes ◽

Australian Study ◽

Adult Mental Health ◽

Mental Health Patients

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Racial and Gender Discrimination Predict Mental Health Outcomes among Healthcare Workers Beyond Pandemic-Related Stressors: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Survey

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18179235 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (17) ◽

pp. 9235

Author(s):

Rachel Hennein ◽

Jessica Bonumwezi ◽

Max Jordan Nguemeni Tiako ◽

Petty Tineo ◽

Sarah Lowe

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Posttraumatic Stress ◽

Gender Discrimination ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Mental Health Outcomes ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Symptoms Of Depression ◽

And Gender

Racial and gender discrimination are risk factors for adverse mental health outcomes in the general population; however, the effects of discrimination on the mental health of healthcare workers needs to be further explored, especially in relation to competing stressors. Thus, we administered a survey to healthcare workers to investigate the associations between perceived racial and gender discrimination and symptoms of depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress, and burnout during a period of substantial stressors related to the COVID-19 pandemic and a national racial reckoning. We used multivariable linear regression models, which controlled for demographics and pandemic-related stressors. Of the 997 participants (Mean Age = 38.22 years, SD = 11.77), 688 (69.01%) were White, 148 (14.84%) Asian, 86 (8.63%) Black, 73 (7.32%) Latinx, and 21 (2.11%) identified as another race. In multivariable models, racial discrimination predicted symptoms of depression (B = 0.04; SE: 0.02; p = .009), anxiety (B = 0.05; SE: 0.02; p = .004), and posttraumatic stress (B = 0.01; SE: 0.01; p = .006) and gender discrimination predicted posttraumatic stress (B = 0.11; SE: 0.05; p = .013) and burnout (B = 0.24; SE: 0.07; p = .001). Discrimination had indirect effects on mental health outcomes via inadequate social support. Hospital-wide diversity and inclusion initiatives are warranted to mitigate the adverse mental health effects of discrimination.

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