P1-217: CINGULUM MICROSTRUCTURE INFLUENCES COGNITIVE CONTROL THROUGH EFFECTS ON GLOBAL NETWORK ARCHITECTURE IN MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. P383-P384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. O'Sullivan ◽  
Rok Berlot ◽  
Claudia Metzler-Baddeley ◽  
Nicola J. Ray ◽  
Derek K. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Global Network

Is the Discrimination of Subjective Cognitive Decline from Cognitively Healthy Adulthood and Mild Cognitive Impairment Possible? A Pilot Study Utilizing the R4Alz Battery

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 715-732
Author(s):  
Eleni Poptsi ◽  
Despina Moraitou ◽  
Emmanouil Tsardoulias ◽  
Andreas L. Symeonidisd ◽  
Magda Tsolaki
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorders ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽  
Working Memory Updating

Background: The early diagnosis of neurocognitive disorders before the symptoms’ onset is the ultimate goal of the scientific community. REMEDES for Alzheimer (R4Alz) is a battery, designed for assessing cognitive control abilities in people with minor and major neurocognitive disorders. Objective: To investigate whether the R4Alz battery’s tasks differentiate subjective cognitive decline (SCD) from cognitively healthy adults (CHA) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: The R4Alz battery was administered to 175 Greek adults, categorized in five groups a) healthy young adults (HYA; n = 42), b) healthy middle-aged adults (HMaA; n = 33), c) healthy older adults (HOA; n = 14), d) community-dwelling older adults with SCD (n = 34), and e) people with MCI (n = 52). Results: Between the seven R4Alz subtasks, four showcased the best results for differentiating HOA from SCD: the working memory updating (WMCUT-S3), the inhibition and switching subtask (ICT/RST-S1&S2), the failure sets (FS) of the ICT/RST-S1&S2, and the cognitive flexibility subtask (ICT/RST-S3). The total score of the four R4Alz subtasks (R4AlzTot4) leads to an excellent discrimination among SCD and healthy adulthood, and to fare discrimination among SCD and MCI. Conclusion: The R4Alz battery is a novel approach regarding the neuropsychological assessment of people with SCD, since it can very well assist toward discriminating SCD from HOA. The R4Alz is able to measure decline of specific cognitive control abilities - namely of working memory updating, and complex executive functions - which seem to be the neuropsychological substrate of cognitive complaints in community dwelling adults of advancing age.

scholarly journals The human brain’s intrinsic network architecture is organized to represent diverse cognitive task information

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas H. Schultz ◽  
Takuya Ito ◽  
Michael W. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Connectivity Pattern ◽  
Control Networks ◽  
Domain Generality ◽  
Intrinsic Connectivity ◽  
General Capacity ◽  
Logic Rule

AbstractA set of distributed cognitive control networks are known to contribute to diverse cognitive demands, yet it is unclear how these networks gain this domain-general capacity. We hypothesized that this capacity is largely due to the particular organization of the human brain’s intrinsic network architecture. Specifically, we tested the possibility that each brain region’s domain generality is reflected in its level of global (hub-like) intrinsic connectivity, as well as its particular global connectivity topography. Consistent with prior work, we found that cognitive control networks exhibited domain generality, as they represented diverse task context information covering sensory, motor response, and logic rule domains. Supporting our hypothesis, we found that the level of global intrinsic connectivity (as estimated with task-free fMRI) was correlated with domain generality during tasks. Further, using a novel information fingerprint mapping approach, we found that each brain region’s unique cognitive rule response profile could be predicted based on its unique intrinsic connectivity pattern. Together these results suggest that the human brain’s intrinsic network architecture supports its ability to represent diverse cognitive task information, largely via the placement of cognitive control networks within the brain’s global network organization.

scholarly journals Global Efficiency of Structural Networks Mediates Cognitive Control in Mild Cognitive Impairment

2016 ◽  
Vol 08 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rok Berlot ◽  
Claudia Metzler-Baddeley ◽  
M. Arfan Ikram ◽  
Derek K. Jones ◽  
Michael J. O’Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Global Efficiency ◽  
Structural Networks

scholarly journals Cingulum Microstructure Predicts Cognitive Control in Older Age and Mild Cognitive Impairment

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (49) ◽  
pp. 17612-17619 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Metzler-Baddeley ◽  
D. K. Jones ◽  
J. Steventon ◽  
L. Westacott ◽  
J. P. Aggleton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Older Age

scholarly journals Alterations of Brain Structural Network Connectivity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Li ◽  
Jingna Zhang ◽  
Mingguo Qiu ◽  
Kaijun Liu ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Structural Network

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are highly susceptible to developing dementia, especially for those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), but its underlying cause is still unclear. This study aims to investigate the early detection of white matter structural network changes in T2DM patients with MCI and assess the relationship between cognitive impairment and structural network alterations in T2DM patients. In this study, we performed a battery of neuropsychological tests and diffusion tensor MRI in 30 T2MD-MCI patients, 30 T2DM patients with normal cognition (T2DM-NC) and 30 age-, sex-, and education-matched healthy control (HC) individuals. Cognitive performance exhibited obvious differences among the three groups. The structural network was significantly disrupted in both global and regional levels in T2DM patients. The T2DM-MCI group showed more severe impairment of global network efficiency, and lower nodal efficiency and fewer connections within multiple regions like the limbic system, basal ganglia, and several cortical structures. Moreover, a subnetwork impaired in T2DM-MCI patients was characterized by cortical-limbic fibers, and commissural fibers and pathways within the frontal, temporal, and occipital lobes. These altered global and nodal parameters were significantly correlated with cognitive function in T2DM-MCI patients. In particular, executive dysfunction and working memory impairment in T2DM-MCI patients correlated with nodal efficiency in the right opercular part and triangular part of the inferior frontal gyrus, which indicated that white matter disruption in these regions may act as potential biomarkers for T2DM-associated MCI detection. Our investigation provides a novel insight into the neuropathological effects of white matter network disruption on cognition impairments induced by T2DM.

Reduced Capacity of Cognitive Control in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-200
Author(s):  
Hao He ◽  
Pengfei Xu ◽  
Tingting Wu ◽  
Yiqi Chen ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Control

scholarly journals Effects of Process-Based Cognitive Training on Memory in the Healthy Elderly and Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 751-761
Author(s):  
Minyoung Shin ◽  
Ahee Lee ◽  
A Young Cho ◽  
Minam Son ◽  
Yun-Hee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Healthy Elderly

Objective This study investigated the effects of process-based cognitive training that targets working memory and cognitive control on memory improvement in healthy elderly individuals and patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).Methods Forty healthy subjects and 40 patients with MCI were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. The intervention group received 12 sessions of designated cognitive training. The control group did not receive cognitive training. A memory test was administered pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 4 weeks after the intervention. Additional comprehensive neuropsychological tests were also administered including a depression scale questionnaire.Results Performance in attention and working memory, which are directly related to the training domains, and global cognitive function were improved in the intervention group after training. In memory tests, interference by irrelevant stimuli was reduced and recognition memory was improved after the intervention. Furthermore, cognitive training ameliorated depressive symptoms. These training effects were not dependent on MCI status.Conclusion Process-based cognitive training that targets working memory and cognitive control effectively improves memory processes including retrograde interference and recognition, as well as depressive symptoms associated with aging in healthy elderly individuals and patients with MCI.

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