Cingulum Microstructure Predicts Cognitive Control in Older Age and Mild Cognitive Impairment

ABSTRACTINTRODUCTIONWe estimated the prevalence and risk factors for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its subtypes in Mexican population using the cognitive aging ancillary study of the Mexican Health and Aging Study.METHODSUsing a robust norms approach and comprehensive neuropsychological criteria, we determined MCI in a sample of adult Mexicans (N=1,807;55-97years). Additionally, we determined prevalence rates using traditional criteria.RESULTSPrevalence of amnestic MCI was 5.9%. Other MCI subtypes ranged 4.3% to 7.7%. MCI with and without memory impairment was associated with older age and rurality. Depression, diabetes and low educational attainment were associated with MCI without memory impairment. Using traditional criteria, prevalence of MCI was lower (2.2% amnestic MCI, other subtypes ranged 1.3%-2.4%).DISCUSSIONOlder age, depression, low education, diabetes, and rurality were associated with increased risk of MCI among older adults in Mexico. Our findings suggest that the causes of cognitive impairment are likely multifactorial and may vary by MCI subtype.Research in ContextSystematic reviewWe reviewed the literature using Google Scholar and PubMed. Few studies have reported prevalence rates for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in Mexican population. These studies have primarily relied on limited cognitive assessments, and diverse MCI criteria. Evaluating the prevalence of MCI with a robust neuropsychological approach can help understand the rates and risk factors associated with MCI across a large and representative sample of the aging Mexican population.InterpretationVarious sociodemographic and health factors such as older age, depression, low education, diabetes, and rurality were significant correlates of MCI and differed by MCI subtype.Future directionsLongitudinal studies will be needed to evaluate the diagnostic stability of MCI over time, and its association with incident dementia. Future work will evaluate the casual path of these sociodemographic and health factors on cognitive impairment to develop effective interventions.

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Is the Discrimination of Subjective Cognitive Decline from Cognitively Healthy Adulthood and Mild Cognitive Impairment Possible? A Pilot Study Utilizing the R4Alz Battery

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.3233/jad-200562 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 77 (2) ◽

pp. 715-732

Author(s):

Eleni Poptsi ◽

Despina Moraitou ◽

Emmanouil Tsardoulias ◽

Andreas L. Symeonidisd ◽

Magda Tsolaki

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Working Memory ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Control ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Neurocognitive Disorders ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽

Working Memory Updating

Background: The early diagnosis of neurocognitive disorders before the symptoms’ onset is the ultimate goal of the scientific community. REMEDES for Alzheimer (R4Alz) is a battery, designed for assessing cognitive control abilities in people with minor and major neurocognitive disorders. Objective: To investigate whether the R4Alz battery’s tasks differentiate subjective cognitive decline (SCD) from cognitively healthy adults (CHA) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: The R4Alz battery was administered to 175 Greek adults, categorized in five groups a) healthy young adults (HYA; n = 42), b) healthy middle-aged adults (HMaA; n = 33), c) healthy older adults (HOA; n = 14), d) community-dwelling older adults with SCD (n = 34), and e) people with MCI (n = 52). Results: Between the seven R4Alz subtasks, four showcased the best results for differentiating HOA from SCD: the working memory updating (WMCUT-S3), the inhibition and switching subtask (ICT/RST-S1&S2), the failure sets (FS) of the ICT/RST-S1&S2, and the cognitive flexibility subtask (ICT/RST-S3). The total score of the four R4Alz subtasks (R4AlzTot4) leads to an excellent discrimination among SCD and healthy adulthood, and to fare discrimination among SCD and MCI. Conclusion: The R4Alz battery is a novel approach regarding the neuropsychological assessment of people with SCD, since it can very well assist toward discriminating SCD from HOA. The R4Alz is able to measure decline of specific cognitive control abilities - namely of working memory updating, and complex executive functions - which seem to be the neuropsychological substrate of cognitive complaints in community dwelling adults of advancing age.

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Reversion From Mild Cognitive Impairment To Normal Cognition: False-Positive Error Or True Restoration Thanks To Cognitive Control Ability?

Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment ◽

10.2147/ndt.s223958 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol Volume 15 ◽

pp. 3021-3032

Author(s):

Ji-Yeon Chung ◽

Hyung-Jun Yoon ◽

Hu Won Kim ◽

Kyu Yeong Choi ◽

Jang Jae Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Control ◽

False Positive ◽

Positive Error ◽

False Positive Error ◽

Normal Cognition

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Midlife Vascular Factors and Prevalence of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Late-Life in Mexico

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society ◽

10.1017/s1355617721000539 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Miguel Arce Rentería ◽

Jennifer J. Manly ◽

Jet M.J. Vonk ◽

Silvia Mejia Arango ◽

Alejandra Michaels Obregon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Memory Impairment ◽

Late Life ◽

Older Age ◽

Cognitive Domain ◽

Urban And Rural Areas ◽

The Impact

Abstract Objective: To estimate the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its subtypes and investigate the impact of midlife cardiovascular risk factors on late-life MCI among the aging Mexican population. Method: Analyses included a sample of non-demented adults over the age of 55 living in both urban and rural areas of Mexico (N = 1807). MCI diagnosis was assigned based on a comprehensive cognitive assessment assessing the domains of memory, executive functioning, language, and visuospatial ability. The normative sample was selected by means of the robust norms approach. Cognitive impairment was defined by a 1.5-SD cut-off per cognitive domain using normative corrections for age, years of education, and sex. Risk factors included age, education, sex, rurality, depression, insurance status, workforce status, hypertension, diabetes, stroke, and heart disease. Results: The prevalence of amnestic MCI was 5.9%. Other MCI subtypes ranged from 4.2% to 7.7%. MCI with and without memory impairment was associated with older age (OR = 1.01 [1.01, 1.05]; OR = 1.03 [1.01, 1.04], respectively) and residing in rural areas (OR = 1.49 [1.08, 2.06]; OR = 1.35 [1.03, 1.77], respectively). Depression (OR = 1.07 [1.02, 1.12]), diabetes (OR = 1.37 [1.03, 1.82]), and years of education (OR = 0.94 [0.91, 0.97]) were associated with MCI without memory impairment. Midlife CVD increased the odds of MCI in late-life (OR = 1.76 [1.19, 2.59], which was driven by both midlife hypertension and diabetes (OR = 1.70 [1.18, 2.44]; OR = 1.88 [1.19, 2.97], respectively). Conclusions: Older age, depression, low education, rurality, and midlife hypertension and diabetes were associated with higher risk of late-life MCI among older adults in Mexico. Our findings suggest that the causes of cognitive impairment are multifactorial and vary by MCI subtype.

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Olfactory Identification and Incidence of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Older Age

Archives of General Psychiatry ◽

10.1001/archpsyc.64.7.802 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 64 (7) ◽

pp. 802 ◽

Cited By ~ 154

Author(s):

Robert S. Wilson ◽

Julie A. Schneider ◽

Steven E. Arnold ◽

Yuxiao Tang ◽

Patricia A. Boyle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Older Age ◽

Olfactory Identification

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Global Efficiency of Structural Networks Mediates Cognitive Control in Mild Cognitive Impairment

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience ◽

10.3389/fnagi.2016.00292 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 08 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Rok Berlot ◽

Claudia Metzler-Baddeley ◽

M. Arfan Ikram ◽

Derek K. Jones ◽

Michael J. O’Sullivan

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Control ◽

Global Efficiency ◽

Structural Networks

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Evaluating feasibility and satisfaction of a group intervention for mild cognitive impairment in older age bipolar disorder: “Brain train”

Bipolar Disorders ◽

10.1111/bdi.13126 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sigfried N. T. M. Schouws ◽

Melis Orhan ◽

Nicole Korten ◽

Susan Zyto ◽

Aartjan T. F. Beekman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Group Intervention ◽

Older Age

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Reduced Capacity of Cognitive Control in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.3233/jad-181006 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

pp. 185-200

Author(s):

Hao He ◽

Pengfei Xu ◽

Tingting Wu ◽

Yiqi Chen ◽

Jing Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Control

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Effects of Process-Based Cognitive Training on Memory in the Healthy Elderly and Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Psychiatry Investigation ◽

10.30773/pi.2019.0225 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (8) ◽

pp. 751-761

Author(s):

Minyoung Shin ◽

Ahee Lee ◽

A Young Cho ◽

Minam Son ◽

Yun-Hee Kim

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Control ◽

Cognitive Training ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Elderly Individuals ◽

Healthy Elderly

Objective This study investigated the effects of process-based cognitive training that targets working memory and cognitive control on memory improvement in healthy elderly individuals and patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).Methods Forty healthy subjects and 40 patients with MCI were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. The intervention group received 12 sessions of designated cognitive training. The control group did not receive cognitive training. A memory test was administered pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 4 weeks after the intervention. Additional comprehensive neuropsychological tests were also administered including a depression scale questionnaire.Results Performance in attention and working memory, which are directly related to the training domains, and global cognitive function were improved in the intervention group after training. In memory tests, interference by irrelevant stimuli was reduced and recognition memory was improved after the intervention. Furthermore, cognitive training ameliorated depressive symptoms. These training effects were not dependent on MCI status.Conclusion Process-based cognitive training that targets working memory and cognitive control effectively improves memory processes including retrograde interference and recognition, as well as depressive symptoms associated with aging in healthy elderly individuals and patients with MCI.

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