P3-025: MONITORING OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH ALZHEIMER DISEASE: COMPARING PARAMETER VALUES IN GROUPS OF PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT NUTRITIONAL SUPPORT

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (7S_Part_20) ◽  
pp. P1073-P1074
Author(s):  
Miroslava Navratilova
Author(s):  
Ye Rin Choi ◽  
Hyeong Seop Kim ◽  
Sang Jun Yoon ◽  
Na Young Lee ◽  
Haripriya Gupta ◽  
...  

Malnutrition and cognitive dysfunction are typical features of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and are correlated with the development of complications. The aim of this study is to explore the effect of nutritional state and diet on cognitive function in ALD. A total of 43 patients with compensated alcoholic cirrhosis were enrolled, and neuropsychological test was assessed according to body mass index (BMI, <22 and ≥22). In the ALD animal study, mice were divided into 5 groups (n=9/group; normal liquid, 5% EtOH+regular liquid, 5% EtOH+high-carbohydrate liquid, 5% EtOH+high-fat liquid, and 5% EtOH+high-protein liquid diet) and fed the same calories for 8-week. To assess cognitive function, we performed T-maze studies weekly before/after alcohol binging. In cognitive function (BMI <22 /≥22), language score of Korea mini-mental state (7.4±1.4/7.9±0.4), Rey-complex figure (72.0±25.9/58.4±33.6), Boston naming (11.7±2.7/13.0±1.8), forward digit span (6.7±1.8/7.5±1.6), Korean Color Word Stroop (24.2±26.5/43.6±32.4), and interference score (33.9±31.9/52.3±33.9) revealed significant differences. In the T-maze test, alcohol significantly delayed the time to reach food, and binge drinking provided a temporary recovery in cognition. The alcohol-induced delay was significantly reduced in the high-carbohydrate and high-fat diet groups. Synaptic function exhibited no changes in all groups. Cognitive dysfunction is affected by nutritional status and diet in ALD.


Author(s):  
И.Н. Пасечник ◽  
А.А. Щучко ◽  
В.В. Сазонов ◽  
Т.Б. Иванова

Повышение качества оказания помощи больным новой коронавирусной инфекцией COVID-19 возможно только на основе мультидисциплинарного подхода. Оценка пищевого статуса и при необходимости его коррекция являются важной составляющей комплексных программ лечения и реабилитации таких больных. Значительное число пациентов с COVID-19 составляют люди пожилого и старческого возраста, у которых уже есть признаки нутритивной недостаточности. Нарушения питания и сопутствующая им саркопения – факторы риска неблагоприятного течения COVID-19. Прогрессирование саркопении при COVID-19 объясняют возникновением вирусного миозита, миопатией, спровоцированной цитокинами, и иммобилизацией. Уменьшение мышечной массы ассоциировано с плохим прогнозом заболевания и снижением качества жизни. Коррекция нарушений пищевого статуса больных COVID-19 должна проводиться на всех этапах лечения. Важность проблемы нутритивной поддержки отражена во множестве публикаций, посвященных лечению больных COVID-19. Необходимо заметить, что Европейское общество клинического питания и метаболизма (European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, ESPEN) в кратчайшие сроки выпустило рекомендации по нутритивной поддержке больных новой коронавирусной инфекцией, что лишний раз подчеркивает актуальность проблемы. Это стало логичным продолжением рекомендаций по коррекции пищевого статуса больных, находящихся на лечении в отделении реанимации и интенсивной терапии. Аналогичные клинические рекомендации были разработаны в Великобритании, Бразилии и целом ряде других стран. Использование препаратов для перорального дополнительного питания в большинстве случаев позволяет обеспечить потребности пациентов в необходимых нутриентах, уменьшить выраженность саркопении и повысить эффективность реабилитационных мероприятий. Improving the quality of care for patients with the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 is possible only on the basis of a multidisciplinary approach. Evaluation of nutritional status and, if necessary, its correction are an important component of comprehensive treatment and rehabilitation programs for such patients. A significant number of patients with COVID-19 are elderly and senile people who already have signs of nutritional deficiency. Eating disorders and accompanying sarcopenia are risk factors for the adverse course of COVID-19. The progression of sarcopenia in COVID-19 is explained by the occurrence of viral myositis, myopathy provoked by cytokines, and immobilization. Decreased muscle mass is associated with poor disease prognosis and reduced quality of life. Correction of nutritional disorders in patients with COVID-19 should be carried out at all stages of treatment. The importance of the problem of nutritional support is reflected in many publications devoted to the treatment of patients with COVID-19. It should be noted that the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) promptly issued recommendations on nutritional support for patients with new coronavirus infection, which once again emphasizes the urgency of the problem. This was a logical continuation of the recommendations for correcting the nutritional status of patients undergoing treatment in the intensive care unit. Similar clinical guidelines have been developed in the UK, Brazil and a number of other countries. The use of drugs for oral supplementary nutrition in most cases allows to meet the needs of patients for the necessary nutrients, to reduce the severity of sarcopenia and to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures.


2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (35) ◽  
pp. 2949-2957
Author(s):  
Bei Wang ◽  
Xiaowen Jiang ◽  
Dalong Tian ◽  
Wei Geng

Esophageal cancer patients are at a high risk of malnutrition. Both the disease itself and chemoradiotherapy will lead to the deterioration of nutritional status. The development of nutritional oncology promotes the application of enteral nutrition in tumor patients. Through nutritional support, prognosis is improved and the incidence of adverse chemoradiotherapy reactions is reduced, especially in those with head and neck or esophageal cancer. This review summarizes enteral nutritional support in esophageal cancer patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy in recent years, including a selection of nutritional assessment tools, the causes and consequences of malnutrition in esophageal cancer patients, types of access and effects of enteral nutrition. More patients with esophageal cancer will benefit from the development of enteral nutrition technology in the future.


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reber ◽  
Strahm ◽  
Bally ◽  
Schuetz ◽  
Stanga

Malnutrition is frequent in patients during a hospital admission and may further worsen during the hospital stay without appropriate nutritional support. Malnutrition causes greater complication rates, morbidity, and mortality rates, which increases the length of hospital stay and prolongs rehabilitation. Early recognition of individual nutritional risk and timely initiation of a tailored nutritional therapy are crucial. Recent evidence from large-scale trials suggests that efficient nutritional management not only improves the nutritional status, but also prevents negative clinical outcomes and increases patients’ quality of life. Multifaceted clinical knowledge is required to ensure optimal nutritional support, according to a patient’s individual situation and to avoid potential complications. Furthermore, clear definition of responsibilities and structuring of patient, and work processes are indispensable. Interdisciplinary and multiprofessional nutritional support teams have been built up to ensure and improve the quality and safety of nutritional treatments. These teams continuously check and optimize the quality of procedures in the core areas of nutritional management by implementing nutritional screening processes using a validated tool, nutritional status assessment, an adequate nutritional care plan development, prompt and targeted nutritional treatment delivery, and provision of accurate monitoring to oversee all aspects of care, from catering to artificial nutrition. The foundation of any nutritional care plan is the identification of patients at risk. The aim of this narrative review is to provide an overview about composition, tasks, and challenges of nutritional support teams, and to discuss the current evidence regarding their efficiency and efficacy in terms of clinical outcome and cost effectiveness.


2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. P690-P690
Author(s):  
Soichiro Shimizu ◽  
Naoto Takenoshita ◽  
Kentaro Hirao ◽  
Hidekazu Kanetaka ◽  
Yoshitsugu Kaneko ◽  
...  

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