Quantifying seed germination response of deteriorated Trigonella foenum-graecum L. seed to temperatures and water potentials: Thermal time, hydrotime and hydrothermal time models

Abstract Background: Cattail (Typha domingensis Pers.) is a perennial emergent plant which is used in Green Floating Filters (GFFs), one of the most innovative systems of wastewater treatment to bioremediate eutrophic waters and produce biomass as biofuel feedstocks. The establishment of cattails in GFFs depends on the seed germination and plant responses under conditions of a new habitat. This study analysed the germination responses of four different populations of cattails through a thermal time model to know their basic parameters of germination and which population would be more adapted to the conditions tested.Results: Seeds from the Badajoz (Ba), Cuenca (Cu), Madrid (Ma), Seville (Se) and Toledo (To) populations were exposed to different thermal regimes (constant, and alternating temperatures between 15 and 30°C) and different darkness treatments (between 0 and 20 days with 24h dark photoperiod, then exposed to light with 12h light/dark photoperiod) to determine the parameters of the thermal model from germination levels in each treatment. To population was used to validate the thermal time parameters of other populations. Regardless of the other parameters, no germination occurred in total darkness. The mean value of base temperature (Tb) was 16.4±0.2°C in all treatments. Optimum temperature (To) values in Ma and Ba were 25°C, and those in Cu and Se were 22.5°C. The germination response decreased when the temperature approached Tb and increased when it was close to To. In comparison to alternating temperatures, constant temperatures had the highest germination response and lowest thermal time (θT(50)). Darkness treatments had a direct relationship with θT(50). The population origin also affected seed germination; Cu had the highest values of To and germination response but had a lower θT(50), which coincides with the lowest mean ambient temperatures. Conclusion : According to these results, the germination response of cattails was high in all populations under optimal conditions but was affected to a greater or lesser extent depending on thermal regimes, darkness treatments, and populations. The thermal time model allowed us to determine that To was between 22.5-25ºC and that Cu is the best population regarding the germination response under the conditions tested.

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Germination response of black nightshade (Solanum nigrum) to temperature and the establishment of a thermal time model

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/wsc.2021.60 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-26

Author(s):

Ziqing Ma ◽

Hongjuan Huang ◽

Zhaofeng Huang ◽

Dongjing Guo ◽

Muhammad Saeed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Northern China ◽

Solanum Nigrum ◽

Thermal Time ◽

Base Temperature ◽

Time Model ◽

Black Nightshade ◽

Germination Response ◽

Thermal Time Model

Abstract Black nightshade (Solanum nigrum L.) is one of the worst weeds in crop fields, and it spreads mainly by the dispersal of seeds. Temperature is one of the key environmental factors affecting seed germination. We investigated the seed germination response to temperature in six populations of S. nigrum from mid to northern China and derived mathematical models from germination data. The results showed that S. nigrum seeds exhibit distinct germination responses to temperature within the range of 15 to 35 °C. The optimum temperatures for the populations XJ1600, JL1697 and HLJ2134 were 30 °C, and those for the populations NMG1704, HN2160 and LN2209 were 25 °C, 20 °C and 15 °C, respectively. Based on the nonlinear fitting and thermal time models, the predicted base temperatures of the six populations ranged from 2.3 to 6.4 °C, and the required accumulated growing degree days (GDD) ranged from 50.3 to 106.0 °C·d. The base temperatures and the accumulated GDD for germination differed among populations, and there was a significant negative correlation. HLJ2134 population required a high base temperature and accumulated GDD for germination, indicating that it might highly adapted to a warmer and moister environment. Based on the different germination responses of S. nigrum populations to temperature, the thermal time model reflects an innate relationship between base temperature and accumulated GDD required for initiation of seed germination, which provides a better basis for predicting seedling emergence and the timing for optimal control of S. nigrum under field conditions.

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Quantification of Retama raetam seed germination response to temperature and water potential using hydrothermal time concept

Environmental and Experimental Botany ◽

10.1016/j.envexpbot.2018.10.014 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 157 ◽

pp. 211-216 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Raoudha Abdellaoui ◽

Fayçal Boughalleb ◽

Dhikra Zayoud ◽

Mohamed Neffati ◽

Esmaeil Bakhshandeh

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Water Potential ◽

Hydrothermal Time ◽

Germination Response ◽

Retama Raetam ◽

Response To Temperature

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Association analysis for yield and related traits in fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) under different environmental conditions

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v9i2.1343 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 1176-1181

Author(s):

Preeti Yadav ◽

Sumit Deswal ◽

Avtar Singh

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Plant Height ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Test Weight ◽

Flowering Plant ◽

Seed Vigour ◽

Trigonella Foenum Graecum ◽

Vigour Index ◽

Field Emergence ◽

Trigonella Foenum Graecum L

Sixteen diverse genotypes of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) were grown in five (E1 to E5) environments which were created by different date of sowing during the rabi seasons at the Vegetable Farm of CCS HAU, Hisar. (29°15ˈN, 75°69ˈE) during 2012-13. Observations were recorded on ten randomly selected plants from each genotypes in each replications for characters viz. field emergence index, days to 50 % flowering, plant height, number of pods per plant, number of branches per plant, number of seeds per pod, pod length, seed yield (q/ha), test weight, seed germination, seed vigour index-I and II. The estimation of genotypic and phenotypic coefficients (GCV and PCV) variation in all the environments was consistently decreasing with the delaying in sowing date for all the character studied except plant height and test weight indicating that the environmental influence was comparatively more pronounced for these characters in expressing the phenotypic performance of different genotypes. Highest GCV and PCV was estimated as 50.36 % and 55.93 %, respectively for seed vigour index-I in E1. High value of heritability estimated for characters seed yield, seed vigour index-II, seed germination and branches per plant (above 70 %) in E1 revealed that these were less influenced by environment and low heritability estimated for days to 50 % flowering in E2, plant height in E2, seeds per pod in E3, field emergence index in E5 indicated high influence of environment. Based on environmental indices, the environment E2 was most favourable for all the characters studied except field emergence index.

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Screening for Cold Tolerance during Germination within Sweet and Fiber Sorghums [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] for Energy Biomass

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11040620 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 620

Author(s):

Cristina Patanè ◽

Salvatore L. Cosentino ◽

Valeria Cavallaro ◽

Alessandro Saita

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Low Temperature ◽

Cold Tolerance ◽

Fiber Type ◽

Warm Season ◽

Early Spring ◽

Thermal Time ◽

Base Temperature ◽

Biomass Sorghum ◽

Germination Response

Within the project “BIOSEA” funded by the Italian Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, a preliminary laboratory test was conducted to assess the variability for cold tolerance during germination in 30 cultivars of biomass sorghum, among fiber and sweet types. Seed germination (%) and mean germination time (MGT) were examined at seven constant temperatures (from 8 °C to 35 °C) and base temperature (Tb) and thermal time (θT) for 50% germination were calculated. A wide genetic diversity in the germination response of sorghum was ascertained at 8 °C (CV 45%) and 10 °C (CV 25.4%). At 8 °C, in cultivars of ‘Padana 4’, ‘PR811F’, ‘PSE24213’, ‘PR849’ and ‘Zerberus’, seed germination exceeded 80%. Seeds of ‘Zerberus’ were also the fastest, requiring less than 13 days for final germination at this low temperature. Great differences were found in Tb and θT among cultivars. Tb varied between 7.44 °C (‘PR811F’) and 13.48 °C (‘Nectar’). Thermal time (θT) was, on average, 24.09 °Cd−1, and ranged between 16.62 (‘Nectar’) and 33.42 °Cd−1 (‘PSE24213’). The best combination of the two germination parameters (i.e., low Tb and θT) corresponded to ‘Zerberus’, ‘Sucrosorgo 506’, ‘Jumbo’ and ‘PR811F’. Accordingly, these cultivars are more tolerant to cold stress during germination and, thus, more adapt to early spring sowings in Mediterranean areas (March-April). Cultivars ‘PR811F’ (fiber type) and ‘Sucrosorgo 506’ (sweet type) also combine high cold tolerance with good productivity in terms of final dry biomass, as assessed in open-field conditions (late spring sowing). The genetic variation in the germination response to a low temperature is useful for the identification of genotypes of sorghum suitable to early sowings in semi-arid areas. Selection within existing cultivars for cold tolerance during germination may also contribute to the expansion of biomass sorghum into cooler cultivation areas, such as those of Northern Europe, which are less suitable to this warm season crop.

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In vitro Studies on the Effects of Biofertilizers (Azotobacter and Rhizobium) on Seed Germination and Development of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. using a Novel Glass Marble containing Liquid Medium

International Journal of Botany ◽

10.3923/ijb.2010.394.403 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 394-403 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

G.S. Nagananda ◽

Arijit Das ◽

Sourav Bhattachar ◽

T. Kalpana

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Liquid Medium ◽

In Vitro Studies ◽

Trigonella Foenum Graecum ◽

Glass Marble ◽

Trigonella Foenum Graecum L

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Using mathematical models to evaluate germination rate and seedlings length of chickpea seed (Cicer arietinum L.) to osmotic stress at cardinal temperatures

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0260990 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (12) ◽

pp. e0260990

Author(s):

Sikandar Shah ◽

Sami Ullah ◽

Sajjad Ali ◽

Ajmal Khan ◽

Muhammad Ali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Cicer Arietinum ◽

Time Constant ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Interactive Effect ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Hydrothermal Time ◽

Time Model ◽

Water Potentials ◽

Cardinal Temperatures

Cicer arietinum is the 3rd most important cool season legume crop growing in vast arid and semi-arid regions of the world. A lab experiment was designed using hydrothermal time model (HTT) to investigate the chickpea seed germination (SG) behavior, cardinal temperatures and germination responses across fluctuating temperatures (Ts) and water potentials (Ψs). Seeds of chickpea var. NIFA 1995 were germinated at six constant Ts (7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42°C) each having the following five water potentials: 0, -0.2, -0.4–0.6 and -0.8 MPa. Germination percentage (G%) decreased significantly at (*P ≤ 0.05) from 86.7% at 28°C in -0.2 MPa to 10% in -0.2 MPa at 7°C. The germination rate (GR = 1/t50) against different T percentiles exhibited that linear increase was observed in the GR pattern above and below the To. Based on the confidence intervals of the model coefficients and (R2: 0.96), the average cardinal temperatures were 4.7, 23 and 44.2°C for the base (Tb), optimal (To) and ceiling (Tc) temperatures respectively. θT1 value was observed maximum at 28°C in -0.2 MPa and decreases with decreasing Ψ (-0.8 MPa). In comparison with control, the θT2 value was also highest in -0.2 MPa at 28°C. The thermal time (TT) concept is well fitted to germination fraction data in distilled water with an R2 value increasing 0.972. The hydro time constant (θH) increased with an increase in T to To and then decreased when T>To. The ѱb(50) irregularly varied with increasing T, σΨb was also recorded lowest (0.166 MPa) at 28°C and highest (0.457 MPa) at 7°C. Based on the statistical analysis, cardinal temperatures, hydrothermal time constant (θHTT) and germination findings the HTT gives an insight into the interactive effect of T and Ψ on seed germination time courses under varying environmental conditions.

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A hydrothermal time model of seed after-ripening in Bromus tectorum L.

Seed Science Research ◽

10.1017/s0960258500003214 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 155-164 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

Maren Christensen ◽

Susan E. Meyer ◽

Phil S. Allen

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Water Potential ◽

Time Course ◽

Bromus Tectorum ◽

Incubation Temperature ◽

Hydrothermal Time ◽

Germination Time ◽

Water Potentials ◽

Incubation Temperatures ◽

Base Water Potential

AbstractBromus tectorum L. is an invasive winter annual grass with seeds that lose dormancy through the process of dry after-ripening. This paper proposes a model for after-ripening of B. tectorum seeds based on the concept of hydrothermal time. Seed germination time course curves are modelled using five parameters: a hydrothermal time constant, the fraction of viable seeds in the population, base temperature, mean base water potential and the standard deviation of base water potentials in the population. It is considered that only mean base water potential varies as a function of storage duration and incubation temperature following after-ripening. All other parameters are held constant throughout after-ripening and at all incubation temperatures. Data for model development are from seed germination studies carried out at four water potentials (0, −0.5, −1.0 and −1.5 MPa) at each of two constant incubation temperatures (15 and 25°C) following different storage intervals including recently harvested, partially after-ripened (stored for 4, 9 or 16 weeks at 20°C) and fully after-ripened (stored for 14 weeks at 40°C). The model was fitted using a repeated probit regression method, and for the two seed populations studied gave R2 values of 0.898 and 0.829. Germination time course curves predicted by the model generally had a good fit when compared with observed curves at the incubation temperature/water potential treatment combinations for different after-ripening intervals. Changes in germination time course curves during after-ripening of B. tectorum can largely be explained by decreases in the mean base water potential. The simplicity and good fit of the model give it considerable potential for extension to simulation of after-ripening under field conditions.

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