Reaction kinetics and mechanism of ketonization of aliphatic carboxylic acids with different carbon chain lengths over Ru/TiO2 catalyst

2014 ◽  
Vol 314 ◽  
pp. 149-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tu N. Pham ◽  
Dachuan Shi ◽  
Daniel E. Resasco
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Kinetics ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Kinetics And Mechanism ◽  
Tio2 Catalyst ◽  
Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Chain Lengths

Reaction kinetics and mechanism for hydrothermal degradation and electrolysis of glucose for producing carboxylic acids

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (2-5) ◽  
pp. 457-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuru Sasaki ◽  
Takanari Oshikawa ◽  
Hiroshi Watanabe ◽  
Wahyudiono ◽  
Motonobu Goto
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Kinetics ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Kinetics And Mechanism ◽  
Hydrothermal Degradation

Morphology, Ionic-Molecular Interaction and Ionic Conductivity Behavior of PMMA/ENR 50 Electrolytes Containing Carboxylic Acids Modified SiO2 Fillers

2019 ◽  
Vol 821 ◽  
pp. 419-425
Author(s):  
Mohamad Zamri Sharil Fadli ◽  
Abdul Latif Famiza ◽  
Mohd Azuan Siti Izzati Husna
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Octanoic Acid ◽  
Silanol Group ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Dodecanoic Acid ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Acid Modification ◽  
Lithium Tetrafluoroborate ◽  
Chain Lengths

Carboxylic acids of various carbon chain lengths (Cn); i.e. butanoic acid (C4), octanoic acid (C8), dodecanoic acid (C12) and hexadecanoic acid (C16) have been used to organically modify silicon dioxide (SiO2). The acid modification involve replacing the hydrogen atom of the silanol group (Si-OH) of SiO2 with the RnCOO-of the acid via esterification technique. SiO2 and acid modified SiO2 (MoCn-SiO2) were used as filler in preparation of polymethyl methacrylate/50% epoxidized natural rubber electrolytes containing SiO2 (PEL-SiO2) and MoCn-SiO2 (PEL-MoCn-SiO2) via solvent casting method with lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF4) as dopant salt. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis of PEL-SiO2 and PEL-MoCn-SiO2 films show LiBF4 accumulated to the fillers. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis confirmed formation of hydrogen bonding between LiBF4 with fillers and polymers in the polymer electrolyte films. Interestingly, the ionic conductivity of PEL-MoCn-SiO2 films increases as the Cn of acids increased with the highest ionic conductivity of 5.56 x 10-7 Scm-1 was achieved in PEL-MoC12-SiO2 film.

scholarly journals Lactational Transfer of Long-Chain Perfluorinated Carboxylic Acids in Mice: A Method to Directly Collect Milk and Evaluate Chemical Transferability

Toxics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Yukiko Fujii ◽  
Kouji H. Harada ◽  
Hatasu Kobayashi ◽  
Koichi Haraguchi ◽  
Akio Koizumi
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Industrial Chemicals ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Perfluorinated Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Lactational Transfer ◽  
Chain Lengths ◽  
Long Chain

Perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs), such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA, C8), are a group of industrial chemicals that are detected in the serum of people throughout the world. Long-chain PFCAs (C9 to C13) have high lipophilicity, therefore they may have a high transfer rate to breast milk. This study investigated the lactational transfer of PFCAs with carbon chain lengths of 8 to 13 in mice. Lactating dams were given a single intravenous administration of PFCAs (C8 to C13) during the postnatal period (8–13 days after delivery). Milk was collected from the dam 24 h after administration using a milking device built in-house. Plasma was obtained from the dam at the same time as milk collection. The observed milk/plasma (M/P) concentration ratios were 0.32 for C8, 0.30 for C9, 0.17 for C10, 0.21 for C11, 0.32 for C12, and 0.49 for C13. These results indicate that the M/P concentration ratio is not related to the lipophilicity of PFCAs. However, estimated relative daily intake, an indicator of how much PFCA is transferred from dams to pups per body weight, increased with chain length: 4.16 for C8, 8.98 for C9, 9.35 for C10, 9.51 for C11, 10.20 for C12, and 10.49 for C13, which may be related to the lower clearance of long-chain PFCAs. These results indicate the importance of future risk assessment of long-chain PFCAs.

scholarly journals Toxicokinetics of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids with different carbon chain lengths in mice and humans

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukiko Fujii ◽  
Tamon Niisoe ◽  
Kouji H. Harada ◽  
Shinji Uemoto ◽  
Yasuhiro Ogura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Chain Lengths

Generation of Phosphoranyl Radicals via Photoredox Catalysis Enables Voltage–Independent Activation of Strong C–O Bonds

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Stache ◽  
Alyssa B. Ertel ◽  
Tomislav Rovis ◽  
Abigail G. Doyle
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Photoredox Catalysis ◽  
Acyl Radical ◽  
Synthetic Strategy ◽  
Acyl Radicals ◽  
Benzyl Radicals ◽  
Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids

Alcohols and carboxylic acids are ubiquitous functional groups found in organic molecules that could serve as radical precursors, but C–O bonds remain difficult to activate. We report a synthetic strategy for direct access to both alkyl and acyl radicals from these ubiquitous functional groups via photoredox catalysis. This method exploits the unique reactivity of phosphoranyl radicals, generated from a polar/SET crossover between a phosphine radical cation and an oxygen centered nucleophile. We first show the desired reactivity in the reduction of benzylic alcohols to the corresponding benzyl radicals with terminal H-atom trapping to afford the deoxygenated product. Using the same method, we demonstrate access to synthetically versatile acyl radicals which enables the reduction of aromatic and aliphatic carboxylic acids to the corresponding aldehydes with exceptional chemoselectivity. This protocol also transforms carboxylic acids to heterocycles and cyclic ketones via intramolecular acyl radical cyclizations to forge new C–O, C–N and C–C bonds in a single step.

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