An integrated method for palm oil mill effluent (POME) treatment for achieving zero liquid discharge – A pilot study

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 148-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salma Tabassum ◽  
Yejian Zhang ◽  
Zhenjia Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Integrated Method ◽  
Liquid Discharge ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

scholarly journals Palm Oil Industries in Malaysia and Possible Treatment Technologies for Palm Oil Mill Effluent: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-65
Author(s):  
Risky Ayu Kristanti ◽  
Tony Hadibarata ◽  
Adhi Yuniarto ◽  
Abrar Muslim
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Thermochemical Treatment ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Liquid Discharge ◽  
Federal Land ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

Palm oil industries have become the main sector to boost the economic revenue in tropical countries, especially in South East Asia. In the recent years, the global production of palm oil reached 72 million metric tons in 2018, increasing from about 68 million metric tons in 2017. During that period, Malaysia is currently the second world producer of palm oil after neighbouring country Indonesia. Both countries are the leading exporters of palm oil with 84 % of worldwide production. A detailed analysis of the palm oil business in Malaysia, the environmental issues that have arisen, and the treatment technology used to effectively treat palm oil mill wastewater are reviewed to gain an understanding of environmental sustainability. In Malaysia, most of the oil palm plantations are owned by private conglomerates (61 %), followed by the independent smallholders (16 %), the Federal Land Development Authority (13 %), state agencies (6 %), the Federal Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Authority (3 %), and Rubber Industry Smallholders Development Authority (1 %). However, the rate of deforestation has increased due to the expansion of oil palm plantations in Malaysia. Palm oil mill effluent is also considered as one of the major environmental issues since it reduces the water quality index. Some techniques are implemented to treat palm oil mill effluent, such as anaerobic ponding systems, integrated anaerobic-aerobic bioreactors, coagulation and flocculation, thermochemical treatment, vermicomposting, membrane filtration, photocatalysis, moving bed biofilm reactors, and zero liquid discharge. Zero liquid discharge method is considered an appropriate method since this method provides a better waste recovery.

Zero liquid discharge and water conservation through water reclamation & reuse of biotreated palm oil mill effluent: a review

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 170-183
Author(s):  
Mutiu Kolade Amosa ◽  
Mohammed Saedi Jami ◽  
Suleyman Aremu Muyibi ◽  
Ma’an Fahmi Rashid Alkhatib ◽  
Dzun Noraini Jimat
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Water Reclamation ◽  
Liquid Discharge ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

scholarly journals Evaluating Fertilizer-Drawn Forward Osmosis Performance in Treating Anaerobic Palm Oil Mill Effluent

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 566
Author(s):  
Ruwaida Abdul Wahid ◽  
Wei Lun Ang ◽  
Abdul Wahab Mohammad ◽  
Daniel James Johnson ◽  
Nidal Hilal
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Salt Flux ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Water Recovery ◽  
Flux Decline ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

Fertilizer-drawn forward osmosis (FDFO) is a potential alternative to recover and reuse water and nutrients from agricultural wastewater, such as palm oil mill effluent that consists of 95% water and is rich in nutrients. This study investigated the potential of commercial fertilizers as draw solution (DS) in FDFO to treat anaerobic palm oil mill effluent (An-POME). The process parameters affecting FO were studied and optimized, which were then applied to fertilizer selection based on FO performance and fouling propensity. Six commonly used fertilizers were screened and assessed in terms of pure water flux (Jw) and reverse salt flux (JS). Ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4), mono-ammonium phosphate (MAP), and potassium chloride (KCl) were further evaluated with An-POME. MAP showed the best performance against An-POME, with a high average water flux, low flux decline, the highest performance ratio (PR), and highest water recovery of 5.9% for a 4-h operation. In a 24-h fouling run, the average flux decline and water recovered were 84% and 15%, respectively. Both hydraulic flushing and osmotic backwashing cleaning were able to effectively restore the water flux. The results demonstrated that FDFO using commercial fertilizers has the potential for the treatment of An-POME for water recovery. Nevertheless, further investigation is needed to address challenges such as JS and the dilution factor of DS for direct use of fertigation.

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