Effect of Gravel-Sand Substrate on Sub-Surface Flow Constructed Wetland for Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment

AbstractThe reason for such enormous efforts in palm oil mill effluent research would be what has been singled out as one of the major sources of pollution in Malaysia, and perhaps the most costly and complex waste to manage. Palm oil mill final discharge, which is the treated effluent, will usually be discharged to nearby land or river since it has been the least costly way to dispose of. Irrefutably, the quality level of the treated effluent does not always satisfy the surface water quality in conformity to physicochemical characteristics. To work on improving the treated effluent quality, a vertical surface-flow constructed wetland system was designed with Pennisetum purpureum (Napier grass) planted on the wetland floor. The system effectively reduced the level of chemical oxygen demand by 62.2 ± 14.3%, total suspended solid by 88.1 ± 13.3%, ammonia by 62.3 ± 24.8%, colour by 66.6 ± 13.19%, and tannin and lignin by 57.5 ± 22.3%. Heat map depicted bacterial diversity and relative abundance in life stages from the wetland soil, whereby bacterial community associated with the pollutant removal was found to be from the families Anaerolineaceae and Nitrosomonadaceae, and phyla Cyanobacteria and Acidobacteria.

Download Full-text

Cultivation and application of Scenedesmus sp. strain UKM9 in palm oil mill effluent treatment for enhanced nutrient removal

Journal of Cleaner Production ◽

10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126295 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 294 ◽

pp. 126295

Author(s):

Ainil Farhan Mohd Udaiyappan ◽

Hassimi Abu Hasan ◽

Mohd Sobri Takriff ◽

Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah ◽

Nazlina Haiza Mohd Yasin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Palm Oil ◽

Nutrient Removal ◽

Effluent Treatment ◽

Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽

Palm Oil Mill

Download Full-text

Comparative study on structural modification ofCeiba pentandrafor oil sorption and palm oil mill effluent treatment

Desalination and Water Treatment ◽

10.1080/19443994.2014.906326 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 54 (11) ◽

pp. 3044-3053 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

M.A. Abdullah ◽

M. Afzaal ◽

Z. Ismail ◽

A. Ahmad ◽

M.S. Nazir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Structural Modification ◽

Effluent Treatment ◽

Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽

Oil Sorption ◽

Palm Oil Mill

Download Full-text

Effect of Different Mediators on Bio-Energy Generation and Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment in an Air-Cathode Microbial Fuel Cell-Adsorption System

Defect and Diffusion Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.411.67 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 411 ◽

pp. 67-78

Author(s):

Ivy Ai Wei Tan ◽

J.R. Selvanathan ◽

M.O. Abdullah ◽

N. Abdul Wahab ◽

D. Kanakaraju

Keyword(s):

Fuel Cell ◽

Microbial Fuel Cell ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Energy Generation ◽

Effluent Treatment ◽

Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽

Adsorption System ◽

Air Cathode ◽

Palm Oil Mill

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) discharged without treatment into watercourses can pollute the water source. Microbial fuel cell (MFC) has gained high attention as a green technology of converting organic wastewater into bio-energy. As an approach to overcome the limitations of the existing POME treatment methods, air-cathode MFC-Adsorption system is introduced as an innovative technology to treat POME and generate bio-electricity simultaneously. However, the use of conventional MFC with proton exchange membrane in large scale applications is restricted by the high cost and low power generation. Addition of mediator in MFC is essential in order to increase the electron transfer efficiency, hence enhancing the system performance. This study therefore aims to investigate the effect of different type of mediators i.e. congo red (CR), crystal violet (CV) and methylene blue (MB) on the performance of an affordable air-cathode MFC-Adsorption system made from earthen pot with POME as the substrate. The addition of different mediators altered the pH of the MFC-Adsorption system, in which more alkaline system showed better performance. The voltage generated in the system with CR, CV and MB mediator was 120.58 mV, 168.63 mV and 189.25 mV whereas the current generated was 2.41 mA, 3.37 mA and 3.79 mA, respectively. The power density of 290.79 mW/m3, 568.72 mW/m3 and 716.31 mW/m3 was produced in the MFC-Adsorption system with CR, CV and MB mediator, respectively. The highest POME treatment efficiency was achieved in MFC-Adsorption system with MB mediator, which resulted in biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, turbidity and ammoniacal nitrogen removal of 75.3%, 84.8%, 91.5%, 86.1% and 23.31%, respectively. Overall, the air-cathode MFC-Adsorption system with addition of MB mediator was feasible for POME treatment and simultaneous bio-energy generation.

Download Full-text

Investigation of Three Pre-treatment Methods Prior to Nanofiltration Membrane for Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment

Sains Malaysiana ◽

10.17576/jsm-2015-4403-14 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 421-427 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Muhammad Said ◽

Abdul Wahab Mohammad ◽

Mohd Tusirin Mohd Nor ◽

Siti Rozimah Sheikh Abdullah ◽

Hassimi Abu Hasan

Keyword(s):

Palm Oil ◽

Effluent Treatment ◽

Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽

Nanofiltration Membrane ◽

Treatment Methods ◽

Palm Oil Mill ◽

Pre Treatment

Download Full-text

Performance of Polyglutamic Acid in Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment

International Journal of Environmental Science and Development ◽

10.18178/ijesd.2020.11.7.1272 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 336-340

Author(s):

Man Djun Lee ◽

Mohd Shahril Osman ◽

Pui San Lee

Keyword(s):

Palm Oil ◽

Effluent Treatment ◽

Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽

Polyglutamic Acid ◽

Palm Oil Mill

Download Full-text

Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment Using Electrocoagulation-Adsorption Hybrid Process

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.997.139 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 997 ◽

pp. 139-149

Author(s):

Yong Yin Sia ◽

Ivy Ai Wei Tan ◽

Mohammad Omar Abdullah

Keyword(s):

Palm Oil ◽

Alternative Treatment ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Total Suspended Solid ◽

Suspended Solid ◽

Effluent Treatment ◽

Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽

Hybrid Process ◽

Multi Stage ◽

Palm Oil Mill

Palm oil processing is a multi-stage operation which generates large amount of palm oil mill effluent (POME). Due to its potential to cause environmental pollution, POME must be treated prior to discharge. Electrocoagulation (EC), adsorption (AD), combined EC and AD, and EC integrated with AD have demonstrated great potential to remove various organic and inorganic pollutants from wastewater. Up to date, no study has been found on POME treatment using EC-AD hybrid process. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the feasibility of applying EC-AD hybrid process as an alternative treatment for POME. The EC-AD hybrid process achieved higher removal of total suspended solid (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and colour as compared to EC and AD stand-alone processes. The EC-AD hybrid process reduced 79% of TSS, 44% of COD and 89% of colour from POME. The adsorption kinetics of TSS, COD and colour were best interpreted using pseudo-second-order model, which indicated that the adsorption rate was mainly controlled by chemisorption. Overall, the EC-AD hybrid process could be recommended as an alternative treatment for POME.

Download Full-text