Comparative evaluation of the environmental impact of chemical methods used to enhance natural fibres for composite applications and glass fibre based composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 491-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael George ◽  
David C. Bressler
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Glass Fibre ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Natural Fibres ◽  
Chemical Methods

Environmental Impact Assessment on Lifecycle of Sofa Material

2011 ◽  
Vol 287-290 ◽  
pp. 3032-3035
Author(s):  
Ya Kuan Chou ◽  
Tien Li Chen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Environmental Impact Assessment ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Polyester Fiber ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Imitation Leather

According to the materials of casing, frame, and cushion, this research aims to investigate the environmental impact assessment of sofas. With reference to this characteristic, this assessment is based on the evaluation model “Eco-indicator 99” of Sima Pro and the results are listed as below: l Regarding sofa materials which are brought about the negative influence to the environment: Sofa casing: polyester fiber > leather > imitation leather > cotton; sofa frame: wood > plastic > metal; sofa cushion: TDI foam > MDI foam. l If we deal with sofa materials by chemical methods, respiratory inorganics are caused from a great quantity of fossil fuels during production and the huge negative influence will result in climate change. l Concerning the waste influence on the environment when sofas are end of life: Sofa casing: To incinerate or landfill polyester fiber is more seriously; sofa frame: To incinerate or landfill wood is more critically; sofa cushion: to incinerate TDI or MDI is more harmfully than to landfill or recycle them. l It will have positive help and decrease garbage if we can recycle sofa waste.

Study of Mechanical Properties of Natural and Hybrid Yarns Reinforcements

2015 ◽  
Vol 1117 ◽  
pp. 231-234
Author(s):  
Aina Bernava ◽  
Maris Manins ◽  
Guntis Strazds
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Glass Fibre ◽  
Surface Density ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Natural Fibres ◽  
Average Surface ◽  
Glass Fibres ◽  
Hybrid Yarn ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Woven Reinforcement

The present work was focused on development and studies of mechanical properties that natural fibres have in the woven reinforcements made from hemp and flax as well as hybrid yarns of hemp and glass fibres. Natural fibres such as hemp and flax are biodegradable, have low weight and show good flexibility. Glass fibre is widely used in the industry when low cost and good performance is required. The hemp yarns (100 Tex and 1186 Tex), the flax yarns (678 Tex) and the hybrid yarn of hemp and glass fibres (1644 Tex) were used to develop woven reinforcement structures. Average surface density for reinforcements of hemp yarns is 83- 529 g/m2 and for reinforcements of hybrid yarns 738- 741 g/m2.

Evaluation of Glass Fibre/Epoxy Prepreg Quality during Storage

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 599-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Ji ◽  
C. Y. Wei ◽  
W. H. Deng ◽  
Y. S. Zhang ◽  
Y. J. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Glass Fibre ◽  
Tensile Testing ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Resin System ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Epoxy Resin System ◽  
Ir Analysis ◽  
Environment Chamber ◽  
Characterisation Methods

This paper reports the characterisation methods used in evaluating the chemical changes in glass fibre/epoxy prepregs during storage in an environment chamber. The specimens were exposed to an environment with a relative humidity of 50% at 25°C for up to 196 days. Various physicochemical analysis methods were used to determine the extent of the changes to the prepregs during storage. These methods include infrared spectroscopy (IR), thermal analysis (TA) and other chemical methods to measure the volatile and insoluble components content. During storage, the chemical reaction occurs between some epoxide groups, which is known as precuring. Results indicate that precuring in the epoxy resin system consumed a considerable number of epoxide groups during the exposure. The epoxide index obtained from IR analysis gives a straight measure of the number of epoxide groups remaining in the prepregs at different stages of the storage. A parameter known as the “precured degree”, defined from the epoxide index, can be used to measure the prepregs’ quality. A set of laminates made from prepregs that had been degraded to different degrees were subjected to flexural and tensile testing. The flexural and tensile properties were significantly reduced as a consequence of the increase in the precured degree for the prepregs. The results show that it is important to control the precuring reaction in epoxy-based prepregs during storage before they are transferred into composite products.

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