Pre-assessment of the circular economic benefits and challenges of biogas production in Denmark when utilizing sand bedding in dairy cow stables

The article explores the economic essence of the concept of “waste-free technologies” and it was determined that the main idea of waste-free production is the conversion of residues of secondary raw materials and waste obtained in the production process into finished products, which is able to bring economic benefits to the enterprise. Has been analyzed the dynamics of the volume of generated and utilized agricultural waste in Ukraine in 2010-2019. And it was determined that no more than 30% of waste is disposed of, the share of which has been rapidly decreasing in recent years. It was noted that the agro-industrial complex is one of the material-intensive and high-waste sectors of the economy, which accounts for a significant part of greenhouse gas emissions - more than 12%. It is concluded that the introduction of waste-free production technologies in agricultural enterprises of Ukraine will not only reduce the amount of waste generated and their impact on the environment, but it is also a source of income by replenishing the energy balance of enterprises. Attention is paid to the most promising direction for the introduction of waste-free technologies at agricultural enterprises - the production of biogas from organic waste (biomass). It is noted that agricultural waste, mainly animal waste, such as manure, chicken droppings, can be an additional source of replenishing the energy balance of agricultural enterprises and ensuring the energy security of the region. Have been analyzed the volumes of animal waste generation in Ukraine and the potential for biogas production from manure in Ukraine in 2020. A sample of the 10 largest biogas plants in Ukraine was carried out and the further development of the bioenergy sector in 2050 in terms of biogas production was predicted. 6 main environmental effects from the introduction of biogas complexes in Ukraine were identified. The main directions of the European Green Deal are characterized and the key areas of harmonization of domestic legislation on waste management are given with European ones.

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Expression Profiling of microRNA From Peripheral Blood of Dairy Cows in Response to Staphylococcus aureus-Infected Mastitis

Frontiers in Veterinary Science ◽

10.3389/fvets.2021.691196 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Zhuo-Ma Luoreng ◽

Jian Yang ◽

Xing-Ping Wang ◽

Da-Wei Wei ◽

Lin-Sen Zan

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Research And Development ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Signaling Pathway ◽

Dairy Cow ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Economic Benefits ◽

Molecular Therapy ◽

Receptor Interaction ◽

Regulated Expression

As the main pathogen causing dairy cow mastitis, Staphylococcus aureus can cause subclinical mastitis, which is difficult to be diagnosed. It seriously affects milk quality and the economic benefits of the dairy industry. Therefore, it is very necessary to find biomarkers for early diagnosis of S. aureus-infected mastitis in peripheral blood of dairy cows. In this study, S. aureus was used to infect the mammary gland tissues of dairy cows, and a mastitis model was successfully constructed. The RNAseq technology was used to determine the expression profiles of microRNA (miRNA) from peripheral blood of dairy cows infected with S. aureus at 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 days. A total of 288 differentially expressed miRNAs (DIE-miRNAs) were found, of which 108 were known miRNAs and 180 were novel predicted miRNAs. Bioinformatics analysis results showed that the above DIE-miRNAs might be involved in 10 immune system-related signaling pathways (i.e., chemokine signaling pathway, leukocyte transendothelial migration, natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity, toll-like receptor signaling pathway, Jak-STAT signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, cell adhesion molecules, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and ECM-receptor interaction), thus regulating the process of S. aureus mastitis. It was also found that the expression variation of up-regulated expression of miR-320a, miR-19a, and miR-19b as well as down-regulated expression of miR-143, miR-205, and miR-24 reached a significant level on the 5th and 7th day of infection, suggesting that they might play an important biological role in mastitis and provide a direction for the research and development of molecular therapy technology for mastitis. However, at different times after S. aureus infection, miR-1301 was significantly up-regulated in peripheral blood. miR-2284r was significantly down-regulated, suggesting that these two miRNAs might be the new blood biomarkers for S. aureus-infected dairy cow mastitis. The above results laid a new foundation for the research and development of molecular diagnosis and biological therapy technology for S. aureus-infected mastitis in dairy cow.

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Evaluation of the efficiency of using individual biogas plants for processing biowaste of peasant farms

Ekonomika APK ◽

10.32317/2221-1055.202103050 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 317 (3) ◽

pp. 50-60

Author(s):

Natalia Pryshliak

Keyword(s):

Natural Gas ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Economic Benefits ◽

Environmental Benefits ◽

Practical Significance ◽

Household Waste ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Current State ◽

Analysis And Synthesis ◽

Biogas Plants

The purpose of the article is to determine the prospects for the introduction of biogas technologies by households in Ukraine and the energy, economic and environmental benefits from their use. Research methods. Dialectical methods of cognition of processes and phenomena, analysis and synthesis were used - to study the current state of waste accumulation by households; empirical - for a comprehensive assessment of the current state of household provision; scientific abstraction - to summarize the results, form conclusions and determine the prospects for biogas production in peasant households in Ukraine. Research results. The analysis of the main characteristics of households in Ukraine is carried out and the prerequisites for organizing the production of biogas by households are determined. According to the assessment of household income and expenses, it was determined that the costs of housing and communal services tend to grow. In addition, the prices for natural gas for the population will also grow, thus replacing natural gas with biogas of our own production becomes especially relevant. The potential of biogas production from household waste in Ukraine has been analyzed. The positive economic and environmental factors of the construction of individual biogas plants for rural residents are characterized. A number of measures have been proposed to facilitate the construction of individual biogas plants. The positive effects of waste and wastewater utilization have been determined. Proposals have been formulated for the development of individual biogas plants in Ukraine. Scientific novelty. The advantages of biogas production in individual biogas plants from biowaste in Ukraine have been substantiated. The economic benefits of biogas production by households are presented. Possible obstacles for the construction of individual biogas plants are considered. Practical significance. The applied significance of the results is considered as the basis for the formation of a strategy for the production of biofuels from agricultural crops and waste in Ukraine. Tabl.: 6. Figs.: 3. Refs.: 13.

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Potential use and distribution of biogas by existing natural gas networks in Latvia

International Review of Applied Sciences and Engineering ◽

10.1556/irase.4.2013.2.5 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 123-127 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. Zemitis ◽

A. Borodinecs

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Natural Gas ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Optimal Solution ◽

Primary Energy ◽

Economic Benefits ◽

Natural Gas Transmission ◽

Biogas Plants ◽

Low Efficiency

Abstract With the need to increase the use of renewable resources to reduce environmental impacts caused by greenhouse gases, there will be a global necessity for more intense use of renewable energy. In addition, given that a large part of energy in Latvia is imported, it is necessary to develop domestic energy supplies, thus ensuring self-sufficiency and to reduce the dependence on external factors. One of the potential sources of renewable energy that could be used increasingly is biogas. Biogas production through anaerobic digestion is considered to be an optimal solution of different types of organic waste, converting these waste materials into renewable energy and organic fertilizer. However, the lack of existing effective biogas transmission and distribution network lead to the tendency to utilize the energy near the plant site often has low efficiency, therefore cannot serve as a viable long-term source of energy. In areas where large biogas plants are present and they account for a significant share of primary energy also where natural gas transmission networks are nearby, a possible solution would be upgrading biogas to the required level, and then using it in mix with the natural gas. Before this process is carried out, the assessment of possible economic benefits must be done, as biogas plants are mostly decentralized with relatively low energy capacity. In this paper biogas and natural gas chemical differences are analyzed. Furthermore, the possibility of biogas usage combined with natural gas and the economic benefits of such a process in case of Latvia is discussed.

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