Global Health and Emerging Infectious Diseases

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-275
Author(s):  
Heidi McGuigan
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases

Emerging infectious diseases as a global health threat

2011 ◽  
Vol 236 (8) ◽  
pp. 897-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy P Endy ◽  
Rosemary Rochford ◽  
Kwok-Yung Yuen ◽  
Huan-Yao Lei
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Health Threat

scholarly journals One Health: its recent evolution and driving issues

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
John MacKenzie ◽  
Martyn Jeggo
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Nipah Virus ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Species Barrier ◽  
Health Security

Global health security has become a major concern, particularly the threats to human and animal health from the emergence and re-emergence of epidemic-prone infectious diseases, as well as the significant and growing impact of these outbreaks on national and international economies. It has long been known that many of these diseases can cross the species barrier between humans, wildlife and domestic animals, and indeed over 70% of novel emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic, that is, have their origins in animal reservoirs. There have been many recent examples of this trend, the most dramatic being recently the SARS epidemic ? the first major threat to global health from a novel zoonotic disease in the new Millennium. Other recent examples include the H1N1 influenza virus pandemic; the spread of Nipah virus into Bangladesh and India; and perhaps the most important of all, the ongoing concerns of a highly virulent influenza pandemic due to avian influenza virus (H5N1).

scholarly journals Rabies virus-based COVID-19 vaccine CORAVAX™ induces high levels of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2

npj Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Drishya Kurup ◽  
Christoph Wirblich ◽  
Holly Ramage ◽  
Matthias J. Schnell
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Rabies Virus ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Vaccine Platform ◽  
The World ◽  
Further Development

Abstract The recently emerged coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, is rapidly spreading in the world. The exponentially expanding threat of SARS-CoV-2 to global health highlights the urgent need for a vaccine. Herein we show the rapid development of a novel, highly efficient, and safe COVID-19 vaccine using a rabies virus-based vector that has proven to be an efficient vaccine against several emerging infectious diseases. This study reports that both a live and an inactivated rabies virus containing the SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 protein induces potent virus-neutralizing antibodies at much higher levels than seen in the sera of convalescent patients. In summary, the results provided here warrant further development of this safe and established vaccine platform against COVID-19.

scholarly journals Financing Vaccines for Global Health Security

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan T. Vu ◽  
Benjamin K. Kaplan ◽  
Shomesh Chaudhuri ◽  
Monique K. Mansoura ◽  
Andrew W. Lo
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Expected Returns ◽  
Global Health Security ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Price Increases ◽  
The Cost

AbstractRecent outbreaks of infectious pathogens such as Zika, Ebola, and COVID-19 have underscored the need for the dependable availability of vaccines against emerging infectious diseases (EIDs). The cost and risk of R&D programs and uniquely unpredictable demand for EID vaccines have discouraged vaccine developers, and government and nonprofit agencies have been unable to provide timely or sufficient incentives for their development and sustained supply. We analyze the economic returns of a portfolio of EID vaccine assets, and find that under realistic financing assumptions, the expected returns are significantly negative, implying that the private sector is unlikely to address this need without public-sector intervention. We have sized the financing deficit for this portfolio and propose several potential solutions, including price increases, enhanced public-private partnerships, and subscription models through which individuals would pay annual fees to obtain access to a portfolio of vaccines in the event of an outbreak.

Case reports on dangerous infectious diseases: a review of patient consent

2018 ◽  
Vol 166 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-180
Author(s):  
Kieran Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Patient Consent ◽  
Tier 1 ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Deliberate Release ◽  
Care Guidelines

Case reports are commonly used to describe new infectious diseases. In the past 20 years, there have been an increasing number of emerging infectious diseases that could constitute a major threat to global health security (through naturally occurring pandemics or deliberate release of infectious agents). It is vitally important that case reports related to infectious diseases are written up according to the highest possible standards and that guidelines regarding patient consent to publish are followed. So, do case reports that relate to dangerous infectious diseases follow guidance related to patient consent? To help find the answer to this question, I looked at a sample of case reports published on PubMed between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2016. I searched for freely available full-text reports of infections that affected humans. The search was conducted for case reports on infectious diseases that pose the greatest risk to global health—infections that have been classified as Tier 1 agents by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. An assessment was carried out as to whether the identified case reports satisfied the criteria related to consent as outlined in the CARE guidelines. In total, 71 case reports were found. These were related to Ebola, Botulism, Yersinia and Tularaemia. The authors stated that they had obtained consent to publish in 17 of these case reports. Only a minority of published case reports on extremely dangerous pathogens contain documented evidence that consent was obtained from the patient in question. In this sample, 24% of case reports contained such evidence regarding consent.

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