Red mud with other waste materials as artificial soil substitute and its effect on Sinapis alba

Conversion of Red Muds into Pozzolans

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-245-55 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 245 ◽

Author(s):

Jean Pera

Keyword(s):

Red Mud ◽

Mineralogical Composition ◽

Waste Materials ◽

Strength Development ◽

Blended Cements ◽

Temperature Range ◽

Lime Consumption ◽

Red Muds ◽

Mineralogical Compositions

ABSTRACTRed muds are waste materials obtained from the aluminium extraction industry. They consist mainly of clays, aluminium and iron hydrated oxides. Three muds were studied; they differed in chemical and mineralogical compositions. They were converted into reactive pozzolans by calcination in the temperature range 600–800°C for five hours. Pozzolanicity was investigated on calcined red mud-OPC mixes studying strength development and lime consumption as evaluated by DTA. The nature of hydrates formed during hardening was also identified.The mineralogical composition of the mud is the most important factor affecting its pozzolanicity. Blended cements containing 30% calcined red mud develop significant strengths.

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Oyster Shell Powder, Zeolite and Red Mud as Binders for Immobilising Toxic Metals in Fine Granular Contaminated Soils (from Industrial Zones in South Korea)

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18052530 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 2530

Author(s):

Cecilia Torres-Quiroz ◽

Janith Dissanayake ◽

Junboum Park

Keyword(s):

Toxic Metals ◽

Red Mud ◽

Contaminated Soils ◽

Low Cost ◽

Oyster Shell ◽

Artificial Soil ◽

Contaminated Sites ◽

Metal Mine ◽

Oyster Shell Powder ◽

Shell Powder

Low-cost absorbent materials have elicited the attention of researchers as binders for the stabilisation/solidification technique. As, there is a no comprehensive study, the authors of this paper investigated the performance of Oyster shell powder (OS), zeolite (Z), and red mud (RM) in stabilising heavy metals in three types of heavy metal-contaminated soils by using toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP). Samples were collected from surroundings of an abandoned metal mine site and from military service zone. Furthermore, a Pb-contaminated soil was artificially prepared to evaluate each binder (100× regulatory level for Pb). OS bound approximately 82% of Pb and 78% of Cu in real cases scenario. While Z was highly effective in stabilizing Pb in highly polluted artificial soil (>50% of Pb) at lower dosages than OS and RM, it was not effective in stabilising those metals in the soils obtained from the contaminated sites. RM did not perform consistently stabilising toxic metals in soils from contaminated sites, but it demonstrated a remarkable Pb-immobilisation under dosages over than 5% in the artificial soil. Further, authors observed that OS removal efficiency reached up to 94% after 10 days. The results suggest that OS is the best low-cost adsorbent material to stabilize soils contaminated with toxic metals considered in the study.

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Immobilisation and Leaching Performance of Lead-Acid Batteries Smelting Slag Using Natural and Waste Materials

Global NEST Journal ◽

10.30955/gnj.002393 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 562-573

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Hazardous Waste ◽

Red Mud ◽

Waste Materials ◽

Lead Removal ◽

Leaching Tests ◽

Lead Smelting ◽

Lead Release ◽

Smelting Slag ◽

Disposal Problem

The slag generated in the rotary furnaces is classified hazardous waste. In this regard, landfill disposal of lead smelting slag is not feasible since a few hundred tons are produced per year; leaching of heavy metals into ground water is of concern. The release of heavy metals into the environment has resulted in a number of environmental problems. The disposal of slag is becoming more expensive each year due to large land areas needed for its disposal. The best way to solve the disposal problem of waste materials is to decrease the quantity for disposal with utilization of waste materials in the industry. The toxicity of the waste is determined by leaching tests and depending on the characteristics of the waste the spent abrasive must be disposed of as solid or hazardous waste. The aim of this study is to investigate leaching characteristics of lead smelting slag according to leaching tests such as TCLP, and TS EN 12457-4 tests methods. In this study, mixed-level factorial design was applied to optimize process parameters for lead removal from lead smelting slag using natural (sepiolite, montmorillonite, illite and seashell) and waste material (red mud). The established model was then used as a predictor to achieve better understanding of the adsorption process and to obtain optimal settings of the experimental factors. The present study includes the safe disposal of lead smelting slag using natural and waste materials. Experimental results indicated that red mud and seashell can be used as environmentally friendly adsorbents that are capable of lead release from lead smelting slag.

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Applying Study on the Bayer Red Mud as Fast Building Dam Materials

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.671-674.1725 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 671-674 ◽

pp. 1725-1728

Author(s):

Dong Lan Luo

Keyword(s):

Red Mud ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Waste Materials ◽

Geogrid Reinforcement ◽

Tailing Dam ◽

Bayer Red Mud ◽

Dam Stability ◽

The Way

In China, the soaring red mud needs outdoor place for stockpiling. The traditional building method of tailing dam is often construction dam only once, which needs the biggish piling up yard or quantities of dam. The construction-dam technology of “three-dimensional seepage drainage stack” was proposed, combining stereoscopic drainage discharging separated water and rainwater, geogrid reinforcement minishing fissured development and enhancing dam stability, and air dry in turn. Using bayer red mud to build dam quickly comes true. The experiment of the method was carried on and makes some conclusions through testing strength indexes: after depositing bayer red mud 4~5m heights continuously, and the ten-days air-curing drying, red-mud strength indices have been improved greatly and it can be used to damming. The way of “three-dimensional seepage drainage stack” makes good use of waste materials，reduces the yard space, saves the red mud rolling or compaction equipment, economizes the constructed cost of the dam. The process provides some references in the field of the bayer red mud as quick damming material in the practice.

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