Life cycle environmental and economic comparison of thermal utilization of refuse derived fuel manufactured from landfilled waste or fresh waste

2022 ◽  
Vol 304 ◽  
pp. 114156
Author(s):  
Tao Huang ◽  
Yuting Tang ◽  
Yong Sun ◽  
Chaoyue Zhang ◽  
Xiaoqian Ma
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Refuse Derived Fuel ◽  
Economic Comparison

Economic Analysis of Buried Corrugated Steel Culverts Considering Deterioration

2014 ◽  
Vol 960-961 ◽  
pp. 281-286
Author(s):  
Chun Hong Zhi
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Maintenance Schedule ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Inspection And Maintenance ◽  
Economic Comparison ◽  
Project Decision

The characteristics of the corrugated steel culvert and the deterioration of the structure are analyzed. The Life Cycle Cost (LCC) approach is put forward to analysis the initial, maintenance and recycling cost of the different material culverts. The user delay costs are added to the typical LCC values considering the deterioration and the failure of structures. The analysis and the economic comparison results show that the total LCC values at the failure emergency situation is much larger than the situation when the deterioration is considered initiatively. Such economic analysis can help the project decision makers better understand the risks associated with deterioration and failure. The inspection and maintenance schedule should be formulated considering the culvert size, the environment in which the culvert is placed, and the characteristics of the soil and the backfill.

Environmental and economic comparison of the life cycle of waterproofing solutions for flat roofs

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 100710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriana Gonçalves ◽  
José Dinis Silvestre ◽  
Jorge de Brito ◽  
Raul Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Flat Roofs ◽  
Economic Comparison

scholarly journals Sizing an Off-Grid Photovoltaic System and Economic Comparison with Petrol Generator Using Life Cycle Cost (LCC) Approach for a Typical Rural Primary Healthcare Center in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Okakwu, I.K ◽  
Olabode, O.E ◽  
Ade-Ikuesan, O.O ◽  
A.E Airoboman
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Health Care Center ◽  
Photovoltaic Array ◽  
Economic Comparison

It is needless to re-emphasize that modern day healthcare systems require uninterruptible power supply, relying on the national grid for power supply most especially in remote areas in Nigeria is a deliberate attempt to paralysis and underutilize both the human and non-human resources. This paper presents the sizing of a stand-alone photovoltaic system and economic comparison with petrol generator in powering a rural Primary Health Care Center (PHC) in Agbado, Ado-Odo, Ota Local Government, Ogun State, Nigeria. Load survey of the PHC was done in order to know the daily energy demand. The average annual solar radiation and the estimated load for the PHC used as case study are 4.89kWh/m2/day and 14.40kWh/day respectively. The result obtained from sizing the photovoltaic system reveals that the estimated load will require 5.25kW photovoltaic array capacity, 21 modules (24V, 250W each), 10 batteries (12V, 200Ah each), 3 solar charge controllers (24V, 80A each), 1 unit of 4kW inverter (24Vdc/220Vac, 50Hz), 3x70mm2 insulated flexible copper cable and 3x2.5mm2 insulated flexible copper cable. Life Cycle Cost (LCC) technique was used to assess the most economically viable option in powering the PHC. The study also reveals a savings of 64.4% in LCC using PV system as against petrol generators in powering the PHC. The replacement cost constitutes the higher factor affecting the LCC of the PV system constituting about 47.7%, while the operation and maintenance cost forms the least factor with about 28.9%. Also, for that of petrol generator, the fuel cost constitutes the highest factor affecting the LCC, constituting about 87.6%, while the initial capital cost forms the least factor which is about 0.24%. The insights from this study can be reciprocated to other rural PHCs in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Operation Adaptation of Moving Bed Biomass Combustors under Various Waste Fuel Conditions

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 6352
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hosseini Rahdar ◽  
Fuzhan Nasiri
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Wood Waste ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Biomass Boiler ◽  
Refuse Derived Fuel ◽  
Boiler Operation

This paper analyzes a moving grate biomass boiler operating with three alternative waste fuels, including biomass pellets, wood waste, and refuse-derived fuel (RDF) from a combination of thermal, economic, and environmental perspectives. The focus of this paper is on system functionality adaptation to retrofit the current systems operational conditions. A one-dimensional numerical bed model integrated with a black-box overbed model was developed to carefully investigate the fuel bed’s thermal characteristics, as well as the boiler’s output. According to the results, the system operates more efficiently under the biomass pellets feeding and annually generates 548 GJ heat, while it drops significantly in other scenarios. The system was economically evaluated based on a 25-year life cycle cost analysis. Subsequently, an internal rate of return (IRR) of 36% was calculated for biomass pellets, while the value reduced by 50% and 27% regarding wood waste and RDF, respectively. The fuel cost was identified as the main contributor to the total life cycle cost of the heating system, regardless of which feeding fuel was utilized. A long-term environmental impacts assessment of the boiler operation emerged, to show how plant-based fuels can significantly decrease the impacts of climate change that have originated from fossil fuel usage. The current study concludes that all the proposed scenarios are feasible to different degrees, and can extensively benefit a diverse set of energy sectors.

Ecological, energetic and economic comparison of anaerobic digestion with different competing technologies to treat biogenic wastes

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Edelmann ◽  
K. Schleiss ◽  
A. Joss
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Life Cycle Assessments ◽  
Biogenic Waste ◽  
Professional Treatment ◽  
Economic Considerations ◽  
Economic Comparison ◽  
Competing Technologies

In order to get more detailed information for better decision making in future biogenic waste treatment, different processes to treat biogenic wastes in plants with a treating capacity of 10,000 tons of organic household wastes per year were compared. The comparison included life cycle assessments as well as economic considerations for different treating methods. Measurements on compost plants showed that methane emissions are higher than estimated so far. With the tools ECOINDICATOR and UBP anaerobic digestion shows to be advantageous as compared to composting, incineration or combination of digestion and composting, mainly because of a better energy balance. In fully enclosed, professional treatment plants, the specific biotechnological treatment costs are in the range of about 150.-sFr/ton for aerobic, anaerobic and combined technologies. It can be concluded, that anaerobic processes will become considerably more important in the future mainly for ecological reasons.

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