Assessing the role of mineral particles in the atmospheric photooxidation of typical carbonyl compound

2021 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Yongpeng Ji ◽  
Xingyu Chen ◽  
Yuqi Xiao ◽  
Yuemeng Ji ◽  
Weina Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbonyl Compound ◽  
Mineral Particles

Transport of the river load from the Błądzikowski stream to the puck lagoon (southern Baltic Sea, Poland)

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Damaszke ◽  
Ewa Szymczak
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Granulometric Composition ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Suspended Load ◽  
Bed Load ◽  
Estuarine Area ◽  
Southern Baltic Sea ◽  
Mineral Particles ◽  
Sea Bed

AbstractThe main aim of this study was to determine the size of the load carried by the Błądzikowski Stream and discharged into the Puck Lagoon, and the role of the river load in the formation of the sea bed deposits at the stream mouth. The Błądzikowski Stream, with the length of only 10 km, discharges about 610 tons of sediment into the Puck Lagoon per year, including 89.8% (548 tons) of the bed load and 10.2% (62 tons) of the suspended load. The amount is 4.9% of the river load discharged into the Puck Lagoon. Mineral particles are more common in the composition of the river load and account for 94.6% of the suspended load and 98.7% of the bed load. It is mainly the bed load deposited in the estuarine area that creates a contemporary underwater accumulation form in the Puck Lagoon, which is corroborated by the granulometric composition of the channel and surface sediments; the suspended load is carried further into the Lagoon.

scholarly journals Incorporation of hydrophobized mineral particles in activated sludge flocs: a way to assess ballasting efficiency

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Defontaine ◽  
J. Thormann ◽  
B.S. Lartiges ◽  
A.G. El Samrani ◽  
O. Barrès
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Sodium Oleate ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Mineral Surface ◽  
Coated Particles ◽  
Sludge Flocs ◽  
Mineral Particles ◽  
Microbial Flocs

The role of mineral surface hydrophobicity in attachment to activated sludge flocs was investigated. Fluorite and quartz particles of similar granulometry were hydrophobized by adsorbing sodium oleate and dodecylamine chloride, respectively. Mineral hydrophobicity was assessed by flotation expriments. The attachment of particles to microbial flocs was determined by optical microscopy. The results indicate that hydrophobized particles are always better incorporated within activated sludge flocs than non-coated particles. A comparison with Aquatal particles used as sludge ballast reveals that hydrophobized minerals are associated with microbial flocs to the same extent.

scholarly journals Understanding Heterogeneity of a Slag-Derived Weathered Material: The Role of Automated SEM-EDS Analyses

Minerals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Pietranik ◽  
Jakub Kierczak ◽  
Rafał Tyszka ◽  
Bernhard Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Heavy Mineral ◽  
Polished Section ◽  
Metal Release ◽  
Secondary Phases ◽  
Mineral Particles ◽  
Slag Heap ◽  
Materials Used

Slag heaps over years may evolve into complexly weathered zones, which are a challenging material for analyses as they contain phases from numerous sources and at different stages of weathering. However, the weathered zones are important parts of slag heaps, because they contain both primary and secondary phases enriched in metal(oid)s that may become soluble under specific conditions. The weathering reactions related to metal release or precipitation may be recorded in a heavy mineral fraction as the fraction contains predominately minerals with elevated toxic elements concentrations. Therefore, an automated SEM analysis on a polished section of included heavy mineral particles was applied in this paper for a rapid recognition of phases in a complex setting and their classification into detrital, primary and secondary phases. The approach was applied to a slag heap in Świętochłowice (Upper Silesia, Poland) and it consisted of analyzing magnetic and non-magnetic heavy mineral fractions from three distinct horizons noted A, B and C. Materials had been previously interpreted as being sourced from the heap itself (lowermost horizon C) and from artificially added materials used later for superficial site remediation (upper horizons A and B). Instead, automated SEM analysis demonstrated that horizon C is derived from the slag heap weathering, horizon B is derived predominately from the artificially added materials, whereas horizon A is a mixture of the B and C horizons. Additionally, when slag particles in horizons A and C are compared, the lowermost horizon C contains more slag-derived secondary phases, whereas horizon A contains more primary slag phases. Therefore, horizon A remains the most prone to releasing toxic elements because, considering its position as the uppermost horizon, it can be submitted to climatic solicitation (fast water circulation).

Tefluthrin Sorption to Mineral Particles: Role of Particle Organic Coatings

1995 ◽  
Vol 58 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 275-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Zhou ◽  
S. J. Rowland ◽  
J. Braven ◽  
R. F. C. Mantoura ◽  
B. J. Harland
Keyword(s):  
Organic Coatings ◽  
Mineral Particles

Role of Urokinase in the Fibrogenic Response of the Lung to Mineral Particles

1998 ◽  
Vol 157 (2) ◽  
pp. 617-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
CÉCILE G. LARDOT ◽  
FRANÇOIS A. HUAUX ◽  
FABRICE R. BROECKAERT ◽  
PAUL J. DECLERCK ◽  
MONIQUE DELOS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Particles

scholarly journals Antioxidation capacity of Maillard systems with carbonyl products of sugar fragmentation

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (SI - Chem. Reactions in Foods V) ◽  
pp. S60-S63 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Cejpek ◽  
L. Jarolímová ◽  
J. Velíšek
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Carbonyl Compound ◽  
Antioxidative Activity ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Aqueous Mixtures ◽  
Electrochemically Active ◽  
Reducing Activity ◽  
Colour Development ◽  
Carbonyl Products

A role of reactive C<sub>2</sub>-C<sub>5</sub> α-dicarbonyl and α-hydroxycarbonyl products of sugar fragmentation in the development of antioxidative activity (AOA) was investigated after heating in 0.5M binary aqueous mixtures with amino acids. Several kinetic and activity parameters related to the development of reducing power in the systems with different carbonyl fragments as well as glucose were evaluated and compared. The formation of electrochemically active compounds was correlated with colour development. To assess the antioxidation effects more properly, several different methods were used for AOA evaluation of the systems tested in addition to the HPLC-ECD method. Tests with scavenging of radicals or assays evaluating oxidation in different media (hydrophobic, hydrophilic, emulsions) were employed. Biacetyl was found as by far the most powerful precursor of reducing activity among the fragments tested. The major products possessing reducing power were isolated and characterized revealing dihydroxy dimethylbenzene structures. Based on the comparison of the same concentrations of BHA and a parent carbonyl compound, AOA found by different methods in the most powerful systems is fully comparable with BHA efficiency.

The role of fulvic acids in phosphorus sorption and release from mineral particles

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 259-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Kastelan-Macan ◽  
Mira Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Water ◽  
Concentration Level ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Competitive Sorption ◽  
Phosphorus Sorption ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Mineral Particles ◽  
Phosphate Desorption

The competitive sorption of phosphates and marine fulvic acids on mineral particles (sand, calcite, bentonite and hematite) has been studied under simulated estuarine conditions. Afterwards, the release and desorption of bound phosphates by solutions containing dissolved fulvic acids was determined. It was found out that due to the favorable sorption of fulvic acids onto minerals studied binding of phosphate was significantly decreased. Desorption experiments showed that fulvic acids, present at high concentration level, similar to that in interstitial water of an oxygenated sediment, increase phosphate desorption by 10-20%.

scholarly journals Investigation of the hygroscopic properties of Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> and internally mixed Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>/CaCO<sub>3</sub> particles by micro-Raman spectrometry

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 10597-10625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. J. Liu ◽  
T. Zhu ◽  
D. F. Zhao ◽  
Z. F. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Amorphous Solid ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Raman Spectrometry ◽  
Mineral Particles ◽  
Hygroscopic Properties ◽  
Phase Transition Process ◽  
Hygroscopic Behavior ◽  
Accurate Quantification

Abstract. To understand and predict the role of mineral aerosol particles processed by reactive nitrogen species in the atmosphere, the hygroscopic properties of both Ca(NO3)2 and Ca(NO3)2-containing mineral particles must be well understood. Using a micro-Raman system, the dehydration and hydration processes of micro-sized individual Ca(NO3)2 and internally mixed Ca(NO3)2/CaCO3 particles were investigated systematically. In addition to accurate quantification of the dependence of water content on relative humidity (RH), significant new spectroscopic evidence related to chemical structure was also obtained to confirm the occurrence of amorphous solid state and to better understand the phase transition process. The Ca(NO3)2 particles exhibit reversible behavior in the dehydration and hydration processes; they are in the state of solution droplets above 10% RH and amorphous hydrates below 7% RH, and phase transition occurs at 7–10% RH. The hygroscopic behavior of Ca(NO3)2/CaCO3 particles is identical to that of pure Ca(NO3)2 particles, suggesting a negligible effect of the inclusion of slightly soluble CaCO3.

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