Long-term aerobic cometabolism of a chlorinated solvent mixture by vinyl chloride-, methane- and propane-utilizing biomasses

2006 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Frascari ◽  
Davide Pinelli ◽  
Massimo Nocentini ◽  
Arianna Zannoni ◽  
Stefano Fedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Solvent Mixture ◽  
Chlorinated Solvent ◽  
Aerobic Cometabolism

scholarly journals Association of Missense Mutations in Epoxyalkane Coenzyme M Transferase with Adaptation of Mycobacterium sp. Strain JS623 to Growth on Vinyl Chloride

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 3413-3419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Oh Jin ◽  
Samantha Cheung ◽  
Nicholas V. Coleman ◽  
Timothy E. Mattes
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Mycobacterium Smegmatis ◽  
Missense Mutations ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Coenzyme M ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Cell Extracts ◽  
Chlorinated Solvent ◽  
Groundwater Pollutant

ABSTRACT Vinyl chloride (VC) is a toxic groundwater pollutant associated with plastic manufacture and chlorinated solvent use. Aerobic bacteria that grow on VC as a carbon and energy source can evolve in the laboratory from bacteria that grow on ethene, but the genetic changes involved are unknown. We investigated VC adaptation in two variants (JS623-E and JS623-T) of the ethene-oxidizing Mycobacterium strain JS623. Missense mutations in the EtnE gene developed at two positions (W243 and R257) in cultures exposed to VC but not in cultures maintained on ethene. Epoxyalkane-coenzyme M transferase (EaCoMT) activities in cell extracts of JS623-E and JS623-T (150 and 645 nmol/min/mg protein, respectively) were higher than that of wild-type JS623 (74 nmol/min/mg protein), and in both variant cultures epoxyethane no longer accumulated during growth on ethene. The heterologous expression of two variant etnE alleles (W243G [etnE1] and R257L [etnE2]) from strain JS623 in Mycobacterium smegmatis showed that they had 42 to 59% higher activities than the wild type. Recombinant JS623 cultures containing mutant EtnE genes cloned in the vector pMV261 adapted to growth on VC more rapidly than the wild-type JS623 strain, with incubation times of 60 days (wild type), 1 day (pMVetnE1), and 35 days (pMVetnE2). The JS623(pMVetnE) culture did not adapt to VC after more than 60 days of incubation. Adaptation to VC in strain JS623 is consistently associated with two particular missense mutations in the etnE gene that lead to higher EaCoMT activity. This is the first report to pinpoint a genetic change associated with the transition from cometabolic to growth-linked VC oxidation in bacteria.

Long term behaviour of poly(vinyl chloride) products under soil buried and landfill conditions

1999 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 321-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Mersiowsky ◽  
R. Stegmann ◽  
J. Ejlertsson
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride

scholarly journals The long-term effects of occupational exposure to vinyl chloride monomer on microcirculation: a cross-sectional study 15 years after retirement

BMJ Open ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. e002785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Lopez ◽  
Alain Chamoux ◽  
Marion Tempier ◽  
Hélène Thiel ◽  
Sylvie Ughetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vinyl Chloride Monomer ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional

Aerobic cometabolism of chloroform by butane-grown microorganisms: long-term monitoring of depletion rates and isolation of a high-performing strain

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Frascari ◽  
Arianna Zannoni ◽  
Stefano Fedi ◽  
Youry Pii ◽  
Davide Zannoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performing ◽  
Aerobic Cometabolism ◽  
Long Term Monitoring ◽  
Term Monitoring

scholarly journals Long-Term Effect of Ultraviolet Irradiation on Poly(vinyl chloride) Films Containing Naproxen Diorganotin(IV) Complexes

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (13) ◽  
pp. 2396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angham G. Hadi ◽  
Emad Yousif ◽  
Gamal A. El-Hiti ◽  
Dina S. Ahmed ◽  
Khudheyer Jawad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Ultraviolet Irradiation ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Direct Absorption ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Polymeric Chains ◽  
Surface Morphologies

As poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) photodegrades with long-term exposure to ultraviolet radiation, it is desirable to develop methods that enhance the photostability of PVC. In this study, new aromatic-rich diorganotin(IV) complexes were tested as photostabilizers in PVC films. The diorganotin(IV) complexes were synthesized in 79–86% yields by reacting excess naproxen with tin(IV) chlorides. PVC films containing 0.5 wt % diorganotin(IV) complexes were irradiated with ultraviolet light for up to 300 h, and changes within the films were monitored using the weight loss and the formation of specific functional groups (hydroxyl, carbonyl, and polyene). In addition, changes in the surface morphologies of the films were investigated. The diorganotin(IV) complexes enhanced the photostability of PVC, as the weight loss and surface roughness were much lower in the films with additives than in the blank film. Notably, the dimethyltin(IV) complex was the most efficient photostabilizer. The polymeric film containing this complex exhibited a morphology of regularly distributed hexagonal pores, with a honeycomb-like structure—possibly due to cross-linking and interactions between the additive and the polymeric chains. Various mechanisms, including direct absorption of ultraviolet irradiation, radical or hydrogen chloride scavenging, and polymer chain coordination, could explain how the diorganotin(IV) complexes stabilize PVC against photodegradation.

Prediction of the long-term outdoor weathering of poly(vinyl chloride)

1993 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Luc Gardette ◽  
Jacques Lemaire
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Outdoor Weathering
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