scholarly journals Diagnosis and features of hospital-acquired pneumonia: a retrospective cohort study

2016 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.D. Russell ◽  
O. Koch ◽  
I.F. Laurenson ◽  
D.T. O'Shea ◽  
R. Sutherland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Hospital Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Hospital Acquired

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: Retrospective Cohort Study Using Hospital Discharge Data in Spain (2016–2019)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12645
Author(s):  
Ana Lopez-de-Andres ◽  
Marta Lopez-Herranz ◽  
Valentin Hernandez-Barrera ◽  
Javier de-Miguel-Diez ◽  
Jose M. de-Miguel-Yanes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Hospital Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
Over Time

(1) Background: To analyze the incidence, clinical characteristics, use of procedures, and in-hospital outcomes in patients who developed pneumonia during their hospital admission according to sex and to the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). (2) Methods: Retrospective cohort study using data from the Spanish National Hospital Discharge Database. Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) was classed as non-ventilator HAP and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Separate analyses were performed for men and women with and without T2DM. Population subgroups were compared using propensity score matching. (3) Results: HAP was identified in 38,814 patients (24.07% with T2DM). The adjusted incidence of HAP was higher in patients with T2DM (both sexes) (IRR 1.28; 95% CI 1.25–1.31). The incidence of HAP was higher in men with T2DM than in women with T2DM (adjusted-IR 1.47; 95% CI 1.41–1.53). The incidence of HAP among T2DM patients increased over time. In-hospital mortality (IHM) was around 28% irrespective of T2DM status and sex. After adjusting for confounders and sex, VAP was associated to higher IHM among patients with T2DM (OR 2.09; 95% CI 1.7–2.57). (4) Conclusions: T2DM is associated with a higher risk of HAP, whose incidence increased over time. Men with T2DM have an almost 50% higher risk of HAP than women with T2DM. The probability of dying in the hospital was not associated with sex or T2DM.

scholarly journals Assessing the Impact of Gender and COPD on the Incidence and Mortality of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia. A Retrospective Cohort Study Using the Spanish National Discharge Database (2016–2019)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 5453
Author(s):  
Javier de-Miguel-Diez ◽  
Rodrigo Jimenez-Garcia ◽  
Valentin Hernandez-Barrera ◽  
Jose M. de-Miguel-Yanes ◽  
David Carabantes-Alarcon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Hospital Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
The Impact

Background: We aim to analyze incidence and outcomes of patients hospitalized with hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) according to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) status and sex in Spain (2016–2019). Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using national hospital discharge data of patients ≥40 years with a primary diagnosis of HAP, using the specific diagnostics of non-ventilator (NV)-HAP and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Results: We identified 37,029 patients with HAP ((NV)-HAP 87.28%, VAP 12.72%), 13.40% with COPD. HAP incidence increased over time, but only in subjects without COPD (p < 0.001). In women, incidence of HAP and (NV)-HAP was similar regardless of COPD status, but VAP incidence was lower in COPD women (p = 0.007). In men, the incidence of (NV)-HAP was significantly higher in those with COPD, while VAP incidence was lower in COPD men (p < 0.001). The in-hospital mortality (IHM) was similar in men and women with and without COPD. The risk of dying in hospital increased with age, congestive heart failure, cancer, and dialysis among men and women with COPD. Men that underwent surgery had a lower risk of IHM. VAP increased 2.58-times the probability of dying in men and women. Finally, sex was not associated with IHM among COPD patients. Conclusions: Incidence of HAP was significantly higher in COPD patients than in those without COPD, at the expense of (NV)-HAP but not of VAP. When stratifying by sex, we found that the difference was caused by men. IHM was similar in COPD and non-COPD patients, with no significant change overtime. In addition, sex was not associated with IHM.

scholarly journals Prediction Model for Hospital-Acquired Pressure Ulcer Development: Retrospective Cohort Study

10.2196/13785 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. e13785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sookyung Hyun ◽  
Susan Moffatt-Bruce ◽  
Cheryl Cooper ◽  
Brenda Hixon ◽  
Pacharmon Kaewprag
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Pressure Ulcer ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Pressure Ulcer Development ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Use of single-bed rooms may decrease the incidence of hospital-acquired infections in geriatric patients: A retrospective cohort study in Central Denmark region

2021 ◽  
pp. 135581962199486
Author(s):  
Merete Gregersen ◽  
Anders Mellemkjær ◽  
Catherine H Foss ◽  
Sif Blandfort
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Electronic Patient Records ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Comorbidity Index ◽  
Discharge From Hospital ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Objective Patients accommodated in single-bed rooms may have a reduced risk of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) compared to those in multi-bed rooms. This study aimed to examine the effect of single-bed accommodation on HAIs in older patients admitted to a geriatric ward. Methods A retrospective cohort study of patients admitted to geriatric wards in a university hospital in Central Denmark Region linked to a move to a newly built hospital, involving all consecutively admitted patients aged 65 years and over from 15 September to 19 December 2016 and a similar cohort admitted in the same three months in 2017. We compared the incidence of HAIs in patients in single-bed accommodation to those in multi-bed accommodation using retrospective review of electronic patient records, with all infections verified microbiologically or by X-ray with onset between 48 hours after admission to 48 hours after discharge from hospital. Results In total 446 patients were included. The incidence of HAIs in multi-bed accommodation was 30% compared to 20% in single-bed accommodation. The hazard ratio was 0.62 (95% Confidence Interval 0.43–0.91, p = 0.01) for single-bed accommodation. This finding remained robust after adjustment for age, sex, infection at admission, risk of sepsis, use of catheter, treatment with prednisone or methotrexate, and comorbidity index. Conclusion Accommodation in single-bed rooms appeared to reduce HAIs compared to multi-bed rooms in two geriatric wards. This finding should be considered as hypothesis-generating and be examined further using an experimental design.

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