Estimating regional distribution of surface heat fluxes by combining satellite data and a heat budget model over the Kherlen River Basin, Mongolia

2007 ◽  
Vol 333 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dai Matsushima
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Heat Budget ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Budget Model ◽  
Surface Heat Fluxes

Seasonal mixed layer heat budget in coastal waters off Angola

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mareike Körner ◽  
Peter Brandt ◽  
Marcus Dengler
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Layer ◽  
Heat Budget ◽  
Heat Content ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Driving Mechanism ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Surface Heat Fluxes ◽  
Mixed Layer Heat Budget

<p>The Angolan shelf system represents a highly productive ecosystem that exhibits pronounced seasonal variability. Productivity peaks in austral winter when seasonally prevailing upwelling favorable winds are weakest. Thus, other processes than local wind-driven upwelling contribute to the near-coastal cooling and nutrient supply during this season. Possible processes that lead to changes of the mixed-layer heat content does not only include local mechanism but also the passage of remotely forced coastally trapped waves. Understanding the driving mechanism of changes in the mixed-layer heat content that may be locally or remotely forced are vital for understanding of upward nutrient supply and biological productivity off Angola. Here, we investigate the seasonal mixed layer heat budget by analyzing atmospheric and oceanic causes for heat content variability. We calculate monthly estimates of surface heat fluxes, horizontal advection from near-surface velocities, horizontal eddy advection, and vertical entrainment. Additionally, diapycnal heat fluxes at the mixed-layer base are determined from shipboard and glider microstructure data. The results are discussed in reference to the variability of the eastern boundary circulation, surface heat fluxes and wind forcing.</p>

scholarly journals Contributions of Surface Heat Fluxes and Oceanic Processes to Tropical SST Changes: Seasonal and Regional Dependence

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 4185-4205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuoqi He ◽  
Renguang Wu ◽  
Weiqiang Wang ◽  
Zhiping Wen ◽  
Dongxiao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Heat Budget ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Shortwave Radiation ◽  
Surface Heat Fluxes ◽  
Vertical Advection ◽  
Large Geographical Area

Abstract The present study employs six surface heat flux datasets and three ocean assimilation products to assess the relative contributions of surface heat fluxes and oceanic processes to the sea surface temperature (SST) change in the tropical oceans. Large differences are identified in the major terms of the heat budget equation. The largest discrepancies among different datasets appear in the contribution of vertical advection. The heat budget is nearly balanced in the shortwave-radiation- and horizontal-advection-dominant cases but not balanced in some of the latent-heat-flux- and vertical-advection-dominant cases. The contributions of surface heat fluxes and ocean advections to the SST tendency display remarkable seasonal and regional dependence. The contribution of surface heat fluxes covers a large geographical area. The oceanic processes dominate the SST tendency in the near-equatorial regions with large values but small spatial scales. In the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, the SST tendency is governed by the dynamic and thermodynamic processes, respectively, while a wide variety of processes contribute to the SST tendency in the Indian Ocean. Several regions have been selected to illustrate the dominant contributions of individual terms to the SST tendency in different seasons. The seasonality and regionality of the interannual air–sea relationship indicate a physical connection with the mean state.

Upper-Ocean Processes under the Stratus Cloud Deck in the Southeast Pacific Ocean

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangxing Zheng ◽  
George N. Kiladis ◽  
Toshiaki Shinoda ◽  
E. Joseph Metzger ◽  
Harley E. Hurlburt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Heat Budget ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Open Ocean ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Upper Ocean ◽  
Stratus Cloud ◽  
Surface Heat Fluxes ◽  
Southeast Pacific ◽  
Ocean Processes

Abstract The annual mean heat budget of the upper ocean beneath the stratocumulus/stratus cloud deck in the southeast Pacific is estimated using Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA) and an eddy-resolving Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM). Both are compared with estimates based on Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) Improved Meteorological (IMET) buoy observations at 20°S, 85°W. Net surface heat fluxes are positive (warming) over most of the area under the stratus cloud deck. Upper-ocean processes responsible for balancing the surface heat flux are examined by estimating each term in the heat equation. In contrast to surface heat fluxes, geostrophic transport in the upper 50 m causes net cooling in most of the stratus cloud deck region. Ekman transport provides net warming north of the IMET site and net cooling south of the IMET site. Although the eddy heat flux divergence term can be comparable to other terms at a particular location, such as the IMET mooring site, it is negligible for the entire stratus region when area averaged because it is not spatially coherent in the open ocean. Although cold-core eddies are often generated near the coast in the eddy-resolving model, they do not significantly impact the heat budget in the open ocean in the southeast Pacific.

Trends of land surface heat fluxes on the Tibetan Plateau from 2001 to 2012

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (14) ◽  
pp. 4757-4767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cunbo Han ◽  
Yaoming Ma ◽  
Xuelong Chen ◽  
Zhongbo Su
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Surface Heat Fluxes ◽  
Land Surface Heat Fluxes

On the Hyperbolicity of the Bulk Air–Sea Heat Flux Functions: Insights into the Efficiency of Air–Sea Moisture Disequilibrium for Tropical Cyclone Intensification

2021 ◽  
Vol 149 (5) ◽  
pp. 1517-1534
Author(s):  
Benjamin Jaimes de la Cruz ◽  
Lynn K. Shay ◽  
Joshua B. Wadler ◽  
Johna E. Rudzin
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Heat Content ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Ocean Heat Uptake ◽  
Surface Heat Fluxes ◽  
Heat Uptake ◽  
Moisture Fluxes ◽  
New Perspective

AbstractSea-to-air heat fluxes are the energy source for tropical cyclone (TC) development and maintenance. In the bulk aerodynamic formulas, these fluxes are a function of surface wind speed U10 and air–sea temperature and moisture disequilibrium (ΔT and Δq, respectively). Although many studies have explained TC intensification through the mutual dependence between increasing U10 and increasing sea-to-air heat fluxes, recent studies have found that TC intensification can occur through deep convective vortex structures that obtain their local buoyancy from sea-to-air moisture fluxes, even under conditions of relatively low wind. Herein, a new perspective on the bulk aerodynamic formulas is introduced to evaluate the relative contribution of wind-driven (U10) and thermodynamically driven (ΔT and Δq) ocean heat uptake. Previously unnoticed salient properties of these formulas, reported here, are as follows: 1) these functions are hyperbolic and 2) increasing Δq is an efficient mechanism for enhancing the fluxes. This new perspective was used to investigate surface heat fluxes in six TCs during phases of steady-state intensity (SS), slow intensification (SI), and rapid intensification (RI). A capping of wind-driven heat uptake was found during periods of SS, SI, and RI. Compensation by larger values of Δq > 5 g kg−1 at moderate values of U10 led to intense inner-core moisture fluxes of greater than 600 W m−2 during RI. Peak values in Δq preferentially occurred over oceanic regimes with higher sea surface temperature (SST) and upper-ocean heat content. Thus, increasing SST and Δq is a very effective way to increase surface heat fluxes—this can easily be achieved as a TC moves over deeper warm oceanic regimes.

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