A modeling framework for evaluating the drought resilience of a surface water supply system under non-stationarity

The aim of that research is to analyse the evolution of human activities close to Lake Bolonha, one of the main surface water sources for the Water Supply System in downtown Belém and Ananindeua, is investigated. Research consists of three stages. Stage 1 characterizes the environs and evaluates the importance of Lake Bolonha within the urban context. Stage 2 identifies human activities in the last ten years in the environs of the water source. Stage 3 analyzes impacts and environmental degradation risks, with special focus on vegetation around the lake. Results show that urban expansion reduced riparian vegetation and triggered sewerage flow into the lake, compromising self-cleaning capacity in the medium and long term, with an increase of pollution/contamination. The administration should develop and intensify activities to avoid irregular land occupation, establish a sewerage system and restitute the riparian vegetation lost. Lake Bolonha is highly relevant for the water supply system of approximate one million people of Belém and Ananindeua within the metropolitan region of Belém, Brazil.

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Assessment of Water Resources and Analysis of Safe Yield and Reliability of Surface Water Reservoirs of Asmara Water Supply System

Environment and Natural Resources Research ◽

10.5539/enrr.v7n1p45 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 45

Author(s):

Kahsay N. Zeraebruk ◽

Alfred O. Mayabi ◽

John M. Gathenya

Keyword(s):

Surface Water ◽

Water Resources ◽

Water Balance ◽

Water Supply ◽

Water Demand ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Supply System ◽

Water Supply System ◽

Balance Model ◽

Safe Yield

In a water supply system safe yield is the average annual volume that can be supplied to the system subject to an adopted set of operational rules and a typical demand pattern without violating a given level of service standard. It is dependent upon storage and hydrologic (rainfall/runoff/evaporation) characteristics of the sources, the source facilities, upstream and downstream permitted withdrawals and minimum in-stream flow requirements.For effective operation and management of a water supply system, it is important to have knowledge of water balance of the reservoirs and estimate their safe yield at a certain level of reliability. In this study, to assess water resources potential of existing surface water sources and new catchments and estimate the water balance of the water supply system, the hydrologic simulation model, SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) was utilized. The model was calibrated and validated successfully. The safe yield and corresponding reliability of reservoirs were estimated using a deterministic water balance model. The results of the water balance analysis and projected water demand were used to assess existing water supply situation and challenges in future. The assessment indicated that the gap between demand and supply at high population growth rate scenario is wide and very critical.To close the gap between the available water supply and the increasing water demand in the study area, utmost attention is needed by the decision making authorities and the management of the water utility to improve performance efficiency of the water supply system by instituting effective water governance and reducing leakage losses.

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WATER INTAKE FROM A SURFACE WATER SOURCE FOR FISH BREEDING AND RECLAMATION COMPLEXES

Ecology and water management ◽

10.31774/2658-7890-2021-3-3-89-102 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

A. V. Shevchenko ◽

◽

G. N. Puras ◽

Keyword(s):

Surface Water ◽

Water Supply ◽

Water Intake ◽

Water Body ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Supply System ◽

Water Supply System ◽

Design Solution ◽

Fish Breeding ◽

Fish Protection

Purpose: development of a layout-design solution for water intake from a surface water body, excluding the entry of harmful aquatic organisms into fish-breeding reservoirs. In accordance with modern ideas about water intakes that meet the requirements of fish protection and prevent the ingress of aquatic organisms into water supply system of fish-breeding complexes, filtering water intakes are the most effective. Materials and Methods. The water intakes structures development is based on the materials of the fish and water body surveys and the results of the analysis of developments in this area. Results. As part of water nutrition system of the fish-breeding complex, it is proposed to use a water intake with a two-chamber water inlet equipped with filtering panels and regulating screens. Filtering panels located at the head of each of the chambers ensure the retention of harmful, weed and predatory aquatic organisms, and the screens ensure the water inlet shutdown at replacing the filtering panels. Various modes of water inlet chambers operation are considered for intake of various water flows, replacement of filter cassettes and shutdown of water intake operation. It is proposed to use a filtering panel with impervious chambers, which make it possible to simplify the cleaning of its filler as a filtering element. Conclusions. A layout solution for a filtering water intake as part of water nutrition system of the fish-breeding complex has been proposed and developed. The design of a two-chamber water intake based on the use of filter panels and impervious screens, providing fish protection functions and preventing harmful, weed and predatory species of aquatic organisms from entering the water supply system is developed. A technology for water inlet functioning under various operating modes of the water intake has been developed. It is proposed to use a filtering panel with a simplified scheme for cleaning it from colmatation products as a water inlet element of the water intake.

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