CRISPR/Cas9 in Lepidopteran insects: progress, application and prospects

2021 ◽  
pp. 104325
Author(s):  
Jiang-Jie Li ◽  
Yan Shi ◽  
Ji-Nan Wu ◽  
Hao Li ◽  
Guy Smagghe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lepidopteran Insects

scholarly journals Identification and Functional Analysis of Apoptotic Protease Activating Factor-1 (Apaf-1) from Spodoptera litura

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Haihao Ma ◽  
Xiumei Yan ◽  
Lin Yan ◽  
Jingyan Zhao ◽  
Jiping Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Actinomycin D ◽  
Titration Calorimetry ◽  
Apoptosis Pathway ◽  
Downstream Effector ◽  
Lepidopteran Insects ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Effector Caspases ◽  
And Function

Apoptotic protease activating factor-1 (Apaf-1) is an adaptor molecule, essential for activating initiator caspase and downstream effector caspases, which directly cause apoptosis. In fruit flies, nematodes, and mammals, Apaf-1 has been extensively studied. However, the structure and function of Apaf-1 in Lepidoptera remain unclear. This study identified a novel Apaf-1 from Spodoptera litura, named Sl-Apaf-1. Sl-Apaf-1 contains three domains: a CARD domain, as well as NOD and WD motifs, and is very similar to mammalian Apaf-1. Interference of Sl-apaf-1 expression in SL-1 cells blocked apoptosis induced by actinomycin D. Overexpression of Sl-apaf-1 significantly enhances apoptosis induced by actinomycin D in Sf9/SL-1/U2OS cells, suggesting that the function of Sl-Apaf-1 is evolutionarily conserved. Furthermore, Sl-Apaf-1 could interact with Sl-caspase-5 (a homologue of mammalian caspase-9) and yielded a binding affinity of 1.37 × 106 M–1 according isothermal titration calorimetry assay. Initiator caspase (procaspase-5) of S. litura could be activated by Sl-Apaf-1 (without WD motif) in vitro, and the activated Sl-caspase-5 could cleave Sl-procaspase-1 (a homologue of caspase-3 in mammals), which directly caused apoptosis. This study demonstrates the key role of Sl-Apaf-1 in the apoptosis pathway, suggesting that the apoptosis pathway in Lepidopteran insects and mammals is conserved.

scholarly journals Prediction-based protein engineering of domain I of Cry2A entomocidal toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis for the enhancement of toxicity against lepidopteran insects

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 599-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandi C. Mandal ◽  
Srimonta Gayen ◽  
Asitava Basu ◽  
Kalyan S. Ghosh ◽  
Swagata Dasgupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Protein Engineering ◽  
Lepidopteran Insects ◽  
Domain I

scholarly journals Plasmid Transfer between the Bacillus thuringiensis Subspecies kurstaki andtenebrionis in Laboratory Culture and Soil and in Lepidopteran and Coleopteran Larvae

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. John I. Thomas ◽  
J. Alun W. Morgan ◽  
John M. Whipps ◽  
Jon R. Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Bacterial Population ◽  
Laboratory Culture ◽  
Plasmid Transfer ◽  
Donor Strain ◽  
Lepidopteran Insect ◽  
Lepidopteran Insects ◽  
Rapid Formation ◽  
Coleopteran Insect

ABSTRACT Plasmid transfer between Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.kurstaki HD1 and B. thuringiensis subsp.tenebrionis donor strains and a streptomycin-resistantB. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki recipient was studied under environmentally relevant laboratory conditions in vitro, in soil, and in insects. Plasmid transfer was detected in vitro at temperatures of 5 to 37°C, at pH 5.9 to 9.0, and at water activities of 0.965 to 0.995, and the highest transfer ratios (up to 10−1 transconjugant/donor) were detected within 4 h. In contrast, no plasmid transfer was detected in nonsterile soil, and rapid formation of spores by the introduced strains probably contributed most to the lack of plasmid transfer observed. When aB. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki strain was used as the donor strain, plasmid transfer was detected in killed susceptible lepidopteran insect (Lacanobia oleracea) larvae but not in the nonsusceptible coleopteran insect Phaedon chocleriae. When a B. thuringiensis subsp.tenerbrionis strain was used as the donor strain, no plasmid transfer was detected in either of these insects even when they were killed. These results show that in larger susceptible lepidopteran insects there is a greater opportunity for growth of B. thuringiensis strains, and this finding, combined with decreased competition due to a low initial background bacterial population, can provide suitable conditions for efficient plasmid transfer in the environment.

Novel indica basmati line (B-370) expressing two unrelated genes of Bacillus thuringiensis is highly resistant to two lepidopteran insects in the field

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 870-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khurram Bashir ◽  
Tayyab Husnain ◽  
Tahira Fatima ◽  
Naveeda Riaz ◽  
Rahat Makhdoom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Lepidopteran Insects

scholarly journals Molecular characterization and Freedom to Operate analysis of maize hybrids from genetically modified and Colombian varieties

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Jiménez-Barreto ◽  
Alejandro Chaparro Giraldo ◽  
Julián Mora-Oberlaender ◽  
José Ever Vargas-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Maize Line ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Lepidopteran Insects ◽  
Hybrid Lines

Spodoptera frugiperda is one of the most common pests in maize crops, causing important losses in Colombia. The development of insect resistant crops is an alternative to conventional pest control methods. HERCULEX® I is a transgenic maize line with resistance to lepidopteran insects and tolerance to phosphinothricin herbicides, conferred by genes cry1F and pat, respectively. In Colombia, the National Federation of Cereal and Legume Growers (FENALCE) has carried out mendelian crosses between Colombian maize genotypes and HERCU- LEX® I, with the aim of integrating the genetic elements of the transgenic line into national varieties. Three hybrids were obtained which potentially carry such constructs. In the present study, the hybrid lines and their parental lines were characterized at the molecular level. Leaf tissue was tested for presence or absence of the genes cry1F and pat and their expression as mRNA and respective proteins Cry1F and Pat. Results show that the three hybrids indeed carry the HERCULEX® I constructs. RT-PCR and ELISA analysis showed transcription of the genes and presence of the proteins. An initial approach to the Freedom to Operate analysis was carried out for HERCU- LEX® I in Colombia.

scholarly journals Convergence of Bar and Cry1Ac Mutant Genes in Soybean Confers Synergistic Resistance to Herbicide and Lepidopteran Insects

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tien Dung Nguyen ◽  
Van Hien La ◽  
Van Duy Nguyen ◽  
Tri Thuc Bui ◽  
Thi Tinh Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Herbicide Tolerance ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Gene Stacking ◽  
Transgenic Soybean ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Lepidopteran Insects

Soybean is a globally important crop species, which is subject to pressure by insects and weeds causing severe substantially reduce yield and quality. Despite the success of transgenic soybean in terms of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and herbicide tolerance, unforeseen mitigated performances have still been inspected due to climate changes that favor the emergence of insect resistance. Therefore, there is a need to develop a biotech soybean with elaborated gene stacking to improve insect and herbicide tolerance in the field. In this study, new gene stacking soybean events, such as bialaphos resistance (bar) and pesticidal crystal protein (cry)1Ac mutant 2 (M#2), are being developed in Vietnamese soybean under field condition. Five transgenic plants were extensively studied in the herbicide effects, gene expression patterns, and insect mortality across generations. The increase in the expression of the bar gene by 100% in the leaves of putative transgenic plants was a determinant of herbicide tolerance. In an insect bioassay, the cry1Ac-M#2 protein tested yielded higher than expected larval mortality (86%), reflecting larval weight gain and weight of leaf consumed were less in the T1 generation. Similarly, in the field tests, the expression of cry1Ac-M#2 in the transgenic soybean lines was relatively stable from T0 to T3 generations that corresponded to a large reduction in the rate of leaves and pods damage caused by Lamprosema indicata and Helicoverpa armigera. The transgenic lines converged two genes, producing a soybean phenotype that was resistant to herbicide and lepidopteran insects. Furthermore, the expression of cry1Ac-M#2 was dominant in the T1 generation leading to the exhibit of better phenotypic traits. These results underscored the great potential of combining bar and cry1Ac mutation genes in transgenic soybean as pursuant of ensuring resistance to herbicide and lepidopteran insects.

scholarly journals Phenotypic responses and potential genetic mechanism of lepidopteran insects under exposure to graphene oxide

2021 ◽  
Vol 228 ◽  
pp. 113008
Author(s):  
Xiuping Wang ◽  
Tiantao Zhang ◽  
Haicui Xie ◽  
Zhenying Wang ◽  
Dapeng Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Genetic Mechanism ◽  
Lepidopteran Insects ◽  
Phenotypic Responses

scholarly journals A discussion on cotton transformation during the last decade (2010–2021); an update on present trends and future prospects

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
QANDEEL-E-ARSH ◽  
Muhammad Tehseen AZHAR ◽  
Rana Muhammad ATIF ◽  
Mahwish ISRAR ◽  
Azeem Iqbal KHAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herbicide Tolerance ◽  
Routine Activity ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Gene Gun ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Cotton Transformation ◽  
Lepidopteran Insects ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World

AbstractThe introduction of genetically modified (GM) cotton in 1996 in the US and its worldwide spread later rejuvenated cotton production in many parts of the world. The evolution is continued since then and currently, the 3rd and fourth generation of same GM cotton is grown in many parts of the world. The GM cotton introduced in 1996 was simple Bt cotton that expressed a single Cry1Ac gene, the later generation carried multiple Cry genes along with the genes controlling herbicide tolerance. Current day GM cotton does not only give stable resistance against lepidopteran insects but also facilitates the farmers to spray broad-spectrum herbicides without harming the crop. The evolution of GM cotton is continued both on the basic and applied side and interventions have been introduced during the last decade. Earlier the cotton transformation was limited to Cocker strains which are getting possible in many other varieties, too. It is successful with both gene gun, and Agrobacterium and inplanta transformation has made it a routine activity. Apart from overexpression studies for various purposes including biotic, abiotic, and quality traits, RNAi and genome editing are explored vigorously. Through this review, we have tried to explore and discuss various interventions for improving transformation protocols, the applications of cotton transformation, and future strategies being developed to get maximum benefits from this technology during the last decade.

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