Analysis of virus susceptibility in the invasive insect pest Drosophila suzukii

2017 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 138-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwang-Zin Lee ◽  
Andreas Vilcinskas
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pest ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Invasive Insect ◽  
Virus Susceptibility

scholarly journals Predicting Within- and Between-Year Variation in Activity of the Invasive Spotted Wing Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in a Temperate Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 1223-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Leach ◽  
Steven Van Timmeren ◽  
Will Wetzel ◽  
Rufus Isaacs
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Additive Model ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Spring Temperature ◽  
Invasive Insect ◽  
Recent Arrival

Abstract Invasive insect pests can be challenging to manage because their recent arrival provides limited information on which to build predictive population models. The magnitude and timing of activity by the invasive vinegar fly, Drosophila suzukii, in crop fields has been unpredictable due to its recent arrival in many new regions of the world and changes in methods for its detection. Using 7 yr of consistent trapping of adults at four blueberry farms in Michigan, United States, we modeled the temporal and environmental factors influencing D. suzukii activity. We found that this pest established high levels within 2 yr of being detected, with peak fly activity continuing to increase. Fly activity timing and abundance were predicted by the annual number of days below 0°C, the number of winter and spring days above 10°C, and by the fly activity in the preceding year, providing support for overwintering in our region. We monitored larval infestation for 4 yr at these same sites and found a moderate positive correlation between larvae in fruit and adults in traps. Finally, we developed a generalized additive model to predict D. suzukii fly capture throughout the season based on relevant environmental factors and examined the relative timing and magnitude of activity under varying winter and spring temperature conditions. Our results suggest that D. suzukii activity is predictable and that environmental conditions can be used in temperate regions to provide regional risk warnings as a component of strategies to manage this invasive insect pest.

scholarly journals Genomewide transcriptional signatures of migratory flight activity in a globally invasive insect pest

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (19) ◽  
pp. 4901-4911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Jones ◽  
Alexie Papanicolaou ◽  
George K. Mironidis ◽  
John Vontas ◽  
Yihua Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pest ◽  
Flight Activity ◽  
Invasive Insect ◽  
Migratory Flight

scholarly journals Microbiota-mediated competition between pest insects and its application to the evolution-proof protection of crops

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Rombaut ◽  
Romain Gallet ◽  
Kenza Qitout ◽  
Mukherjy Samy ◽  
Robin Guilhot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Adaptive Significance ◽  
Condition Dependence ◽  
Larval Competition ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Pest Insects ◽  
Competition Avoidance ◽  
Over Time

AbstractSpecies that share the same resources often avoid costly competition with contextdependent behaviors. This is the case of the invasive insect pest Drosophila suzukii which larvae’s ecological niche overlaps with that of Drosophila melanogaster in ripe, but not rotten, fruit. Previous research showed D. suzukii prevents costly larval competition by not ovipositing in substrates with D. melanogaster eggs. We discovered D. suzukii females respond to cues produced by D. melanogaster adults associated to gut microbiota bacteria. This behavior of D. suzukii varied over time and among populations, revealing subtle condition-dependence. In particular, D. suzukii females that bore D. melanogaster gut bacteria stopped avoiding sites with D. melanogaster cues. The adaptive significance of the behavior was investigated by reproducing experimentally in-fruit larval competition. D. suzukii larvae only suffered from competition with D. melanogaster if the competitor was associated to its microbiota, suggesting D. suzukii has evolved a solution to avoid its offspring develops in challenging environments. We argue that D. suzukii’s competition avoidance behavior has features enabling the design of an evolution-proof repellent to protect crops.

scholarly journals Predicting Insect Invasiveness With Whole-genome Sequencing Data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cong Huang ◽  
Nianwan Yang ◽  
Shuping Wang ◽  
Xiaodan Fan ◽  
Cong Pian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pest ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing Data ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Nucleic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Invasive Insects ◽  
Invasive Insect

Abstract Background Invasive alien insects threaten agriculture, biodiversity, and human livelihoods globally. Unfortunately, insect invasiveness still cannot be reliably predicted. Empirical policies of insect pest quarantine and inspection are mainly designed against species that are already problematic. Results We conducted a comparative genomic analysis of 37 invasive insect species and six non-invasive insect species, showing that the gene families associated with defense, protein and nucleic acid metabolism, chemosensory function, and transcriptional regulation were significantly expanded in invasive insects, suggesting that enhanced abilities in self-protection, nutrition exploitation, and locating food or mates are intrinsic features conferring invasiveness in insects. By using these intrinsic genome features, we proposed an invasiveness index and estimated the invasiveness of 99 other insect species with genome data, classifying them as highly, moderately, or minimally invasive. Insects possessing all these aforementioned enhanced abilities are predicted to be highly invasive, and vice versa. Next, a logistic-regression classifier was trained to predict insect invasiveness, achieving 93.2% accuracy. Conclusions We present evidence that several traits may confer invasiveness in insects and these features can be used to predict insect invasiveness accurately, and we quantify insect invasiveness with an invasiveness index.

scholarly journals Invasive Insects: Management Methods Explored

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma M McLaughlin ◽  
Peter K Dearden
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Resource Competition ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Invasive Insects ◽  
Invasive Insect ◽  
Insect Pest Control

Abstract Invasive insect species can act as a plague across the globe, capable of vast expansion and rapid, proliferate reproduction. The spread of pathogens of serious diseases such as malaria and Zika virus and damages to agricultural crops number some of the afflictions invasive insects provide to humans alone. Additionally, an escape from predators can fail to keep invasive insects in check, providing potential threats such as extra resource competition to native species when insects invade. A variety of methods are employed to combat these invasive species, each with their own varying levels of success. Here, we explore the more traditional methods of invasive insect pest control, such as pesticides and biological control. In lieu of several unintended consequences resulting from such practices, we suggest some should be abandoned. We evaluate the potential of new techniques, in particular, those with a genetic component, regarding the costs, benefits and possible consequences of implementing them. And finally, we consider which techniques should be the focus of future research, if we truly wish to manage or even eradicate invasive insects in their introduced lands.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Monitoring Traps and Lures for Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Berry Plantings in Florida

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dasia S. Harmon ◽  
Muhammad Haseeb ◽  
Lambert H. B. Kanga ◽  
Oscar E. Liburd
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Trapping Period ◽  
Southern Highbush ◽  
Monitoring Traps

Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is an invasive insect pest that was detected in Florida in August 2009 in Hillsborough County. Very limited information is available for berry growers to properly detect and monitor this serious pest in southern highbush blueberry (hybrids of Vaccinium corymbosum L. × V. darrowi Camp), rabbiteye blueberry (Vaccinium virgatum L.), and blackberry (Rubus fruticosus L.) production systems. We compared several D. suzukii traps and lures/baits at two sites in Florida. The traps evaluated included Trécé, Scentry, and a standard homemade cup trap. These traps were compared with various baits and lures, including Trécé lure, Scentry lure, yeast bait, and Suzukii trap, under Florida production systems. Early detection is important to develop an effective monitoring system so management action can be taken before economic damage occurs. Data were recorded as overall trends, as well as in 4–5 trapping periods from early to late season. Overall, the Scentry trap baited with Scentry lure, the Trécé trap baited with Trécé lure + yeast, and the Trécé trap baited with Scentry lure were the best performing traps. Yeast-based traps were also attractive to D. suzukii early in the season, but they did not provide consistent captures as the season progressed. The Scentry trap with yeast bait, the Scentry trap with Scentry lure, the Trécé trap with Trécé lure + yeast bait, and a cup trap with yeast bait caught most of the flies during the first trapping period in 2015 and 2016 in the rabbiteye blueberry. In the southern highbush blueberry, the population of D. suzukii was much lower than in the rabbiteye blueberry planting, and the Scentry trap with Scentry lure captured the highest number of flies during the first trapping period in 2016. In the blackberry, the Scentry trap with Scentry lure numerically had the highest captures during the first trapping period, but this was not significantly different from the cup trap with yeast bait, the Trécé trap baited with Suzukii trap, and the Trécé trap with Trécé lure. Overall, the Scentry trap with Scentry lure was the most consistent trap that captured D. suzukii flies throughout the season in the three production systems—rabbiteye blueberry, southern highbush blueberry, and blackberry. Growers in low pressure systems that are similar to Florida can use the Scentry trap with Scentry lure to monitor D. suzukii populations.

scholarly journals Essential Oils as Post-Harvest Crop Protectants against the Fruit Fly Drosophila suzukii: Bioactivity and Organoleptic Profile

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Bedini ◽  
Francesca Cosci ◽  
Camilla Tani ◽  
Erika Carla Pierattini ◽  
Francesca Venturi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Low Concentrations

The essential oils extracted from mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) fruits, and from tea tree (Maleleuca alternifolia (Maiden and Betche) Cheel) leaves have been chemically analyzed and tested for their bioactivity against D. suzukii. Besides, to estimate consumers’ acceptability of the essential oil (EO) treatments, we evaluated their impact on the organoleptic characteristics of the EO-treated fruits. The main chemical constituents of the two EOs were 1,8-cineole and 4-terpineol for M. alternifolia (22.4% and 17.6% of the total components, respectively), and limonene (83.6% of the total components) for C. reticulata. The behavioral tests indicate that the two EOs are able to deter D. suzukii oviposition and that D. suzukii shows positive chemotaxis to low concentrations of the EOs and negative chemotaxis when the EO concentration increases. While no negative effects on the organoleptic profiles were detected for fruits treated with C. reticulata EO, the olfactory profile of fruits treated with M. alternifolia EO was so negative that they were defined as “not suitable for consumption” by panellists. Overall, our findings indicate that the use of EOs for the post-harvest protection of small fruits is feasible, provided that the essential oils are selected not only for their bioactivity against the insect pest but also for their affinity with the consumers’ sensorial system.

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