scholarly journals Improvement in grain refinement efficiency of Mg–Zr master alloy for magnesium alloy by friction stir processing

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengqi Wang ◽  
Ming Sun ◽  
Feiyan Zheng ◽  
Liming Peng ◽  
Wenjiang Ding
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Master Alloy ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Refinement Efficiency

scholarly journals Microstructure, hardness and wear resistance of AZ91 magnesium alloy produced by friction stir processing with air cooling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Józef Iwaszko ◽  
Krzysztof Kudła
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Vickers Hardness ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Az91 Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Jet Cooling ◽  
Az91 Magnesium

Abstract Friction stir processing (FSP) was used to modify the surface layer of the AZ91 magnesium alloy. The treatment was carried out using a jet cooling nozzle, generating a stream of cold air and enabling intensive cooling of the friction stir processed (FSPed) zone. Single-pass FSP was carried out using a tool rotational speed of 500 rpm and travel speed of 30 mm/min. The treatment was conducted using a truncated cone-shaped tool with a threaded side surface. Strong grain refinement and microstructural changes typical for FSP were found in all the samples. Very fine, equiaxed recrystallized grains dominated in the stirring zone. In the samples modified with the jet cooling nozzle, greater grain refinement was obtained than in the case of naturally-cooled material. The average grain size in the surface part of the stirring zone was 1.4 µm and 9 µm in the samples with air cooling and with natural cooling, respectively. Both the naturally-cooled specimen and air-cooled specimen were characterized by a distinctly higher hardness than the base material. The average Vickers hardness in the stirring zone was 91 HV0.1 in the FSPed sample with the air-cooling system and 85.5 HV0.1 with natural cooling, respectively. The average Vickers hardness of the as-cast alloy was 64 HV0.1. Slightly higher wear resistance of the FSPed samples using a jet cooling nozzle was found in relation to the naturally-cooled sample. Based on the conducted research, high efficiency of the jet cooling nozzle in cooling the modified zone during friction stir processing was found.

scholarly journals The Effect of Friction Stir Processing (FSP) on the Microstructure and Properties of AM60 Magnesium Alloy

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 1555-1560 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Iwaszko ◽  
K. Kudła ◽  
K. Fila ◽  
M. Strzelecka
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Flow Line ◽  
Homogeneous Microstructure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Average Grain Size

Abstract The samples of the as-cast AM60 magnesium alloy were subjected to Friction Stir Processing (FSP). The effect of FSP on the microstructure of AM60 magnesium alloy was analyzed using optical microscopy and X-ray analysis. Besides, the investigation of selected properties, i.e. hardness and resistance to abrasion wear, were carried out. The carried out investigations showed that FSP leads to more homogeneous microstructure and significant grain refinement. The average grain size in the stirred zone (SZ) was about 6-9 μm. in the thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ), the elongated and deformed grains distributed along flow line were observed. The structural changes caused by FSP lead to an increase in microhardness and wear resistance of AM60 alloy in comparison to their non-treated equivalents. Preliminary results show that friction stir processing is a promising and an effective grain refinement technique.

scholarly journals Stretch Formability of an AZ61 Alloy Plate Prepared by Multi-Pass Friction Stir Processing

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3168
Author(s):  
Xicai Luo ◽  
Haolin Liu ◽  
Limei Kang ◽  
Jielin Lin ◽  
Yifei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Applied Load ◽  
Alloy Plate ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Az61 Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Az61 Alloy ◽  
Stretch Formability

The stretch formability behavior of an AZ61 magnesium alloy plate produced by multi-pass friction stir processing (M-FSP) was investigated, with the applied load vs. displacement curves recorded during Erichsen cupping tests at different punching speeds at room temperature. The stretch formability of M-FSP AZ61 magnesium alloy was significantly enhanced, compared with that of its cast counterpart. The highest Erichsen index of 3.7 mm was obtained at a punching speed of 0.1 mm/min. The improved stretch formability was mainly attributed to the grain refinement stemming from the M-FSP and the presence of extension twinning to accommodate deformation during Erichsen cupping testing.

Microstructural Modification of Non-Combustible Magnesium Alloy by Friction Stir Processing

2016 ◽  
Vol 880 ◽  
pp. 25-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angga Afrinaldi ◽  
Yoshihiko Uematsu ◽  
Toshifumi Kakiuchi ◽  
Ren Itoh
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Dynamic Recrystallization ◽  
Intermetallic Compounds ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Tool Rotational Speed ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Traveling Speed

The microstructure of non-combustible magnesium alloy, AMX602, was modified by friction stir processing (FSP) at the tool rotational speed of 800 rpm and traveling speed of 300 mm/min. In the microstructure of the as-extruded material, some intermetallic compounds (IMCs), Al2Ca and Al-Mn, inhomogeneously distributed in the matrix. The inhomogeneity was dependent on the extruding condition. The largest size of IMCs was a few tens microns. By FSP, large IMCs were broken up, and fine IMCs were uniformly dispersed in the matrix. Furthermore, grain refinement occurred due to dynamic recrystallization.

Grain Refinement of Mg-Y-Zn Alloy by Friction Stir Processing

2007 ◽  
Vol 26-28 ◽  
pp. 465-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiki Morishige ◽  
Masato Tsujikawa ◽  
Sachio Oki ◽  
M. Kamita ◽  
Sung Wook Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Az31 Alloy ◽  
Frictional Heat ◽  
Light Metals ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Zn Alloy

Grain refinement of magnesium alloy by Friction Stir Processing (FSP) was investigated. It is assumed that dynamic recrystallization (DRX) is occurred by frictional heat and plastic flow during FSP. This process is the effective method of the grain refinement for light metals. In this study, FSP was conducted to cast Mg alloys for and the difference of the grain refinement by DRX in these alloys was examined. As a result, in comparison with commercial Mg-Al-Zn alloy and Mg-Y-Zn alloy have finer microstructure. The grain size of FSP-ed Mg-Y-Zn alloy was ~1.7 [/m], however, that of AZ31 alloy was 20~30 [/m].

scholarly journals Microstructure, hardness, and wear resistance of AZ91 magnesium alloy produced by friction stir processing with air-cooling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Józef Iwaszko ◽  
Krzysztof Kudła
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Vickers Hardness ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Az91 Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Jet Cooling ◽  
Az91 Magnesium

AbstractFriction stir processing (FSP) was used to modify the surface layer of the AZ91 magnesium alloy. The treatment was carried out using a jet cooling nozzle, generating a stream of cold air and enabling intensive cooling of the friction stir processed (FSPed) zone. Single-pass FSP was carried out using a tool rotational speed of 500 rpm and travel speed of 30 mm/min. The treatment was conducted using a truncated cone-shaped tool with a threaded side surface. Strong grain refinement and microstructural changes typical for FSP were found in all the samples. Very fine, equiaxed recrystallized grains dominated in the stirring zone. In the samples modified with the jet cooling nozzle, greater grain refinement was obtained than in the case of naturally cooled material. The average grain size in the surface part of the stirring zone was 1.4 μm and 9 μm in the samples with air-cooling and with natural cooling, respectively. Both the naturally cooled specimen and air-cooled specimen were characterized by a distinctly higher hardness than the base material. The average Vickers hardness in the stirring zone was 91 HV0.1 in the FSPed sample with the air-cooling system and 85.5 HV0.1 with natural cooling, respectively. The average Vickers hardness of the as-cast alloy was 64 HV0.1. Slightly higher wear resistance of the FSPed samples using a jet cooling nozzle was found in relation to the naturally cooled sample. Based on the conducted research, high efficiency of the jet cooling nozzle in cooling the modified zone during friction stir processing was found.

The influence of gadolinium on Al–Ti–C master alloy and its refining effect on AZ31 magnesium alloy

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxue Fan ◽  
Hai Hao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
Master Alloy ◽  
Cast Alloy ◽  
Az31 Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Synthesis Mechanism ◽  
Refining Effect ◽  
Master Alloys

Abstract Grain refinement has a significant influence on the improvement of mechanical properties of magnesium alloys. In this study, a series of Al–Ti–C-xGd (x = 0, 1, 2, 3) master alloys as grain refiners were prepared by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis. The synthesis mechanism of the Al–Ti–C-xGd master alloy was analyzed. The effects of Al–Ti–C-xGd master alloys on the grain refinement and mechanical properties of AZ31 (Mg-3Al-1Zn-0.4Mn) magnesium alloys were investigated. The results show that the microstructure of the Al–Ti–C-xGd alloy contains α-Al, TiAl3, TiC and the core–shell structure TiAl3/Ti2Al20Gd. The refining effect of the prepared Al–Ti–C–Gd master alloy is obviously better than that of Al–Ti–C master alloy. The grain size of AZ31 magnesium alloy was reduced from 323 μm to 72 μm when adding 1 wt.% Al–Ti–C-2Gd master alloy. In the same condition, the ultimate tensile strength and elongation of as-cast alloy were increased from 130 MPa, 7.9% to 207 MPa, 16.6% respectively.

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