Characterization of lattice parameters gradient of Cu(In1-Ga )Se2 absorbing layer in thin-film solar cell by glancing incidence X-ray diffraction technique

At this present task, an attempt done in order to synthesize NiFeCo3O4 ternary thin film electrode by Electrodeposition method. Microstructure of the films studied using X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) and Field emission (FESEM) scanning electron microscopy. Films Electrochemical property were studied and confirmed with the help of charge discharge techniques using cyclic voltammetry, which confirms that the prepared electrode has excellent electrochemical capacitive behaviour with 757 F g–1 specific capacitance value of at the density in current about 1 mA g–1.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Zinc Doped Hydroxyapatite for Bone Substitute Applications

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.660.942 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 660 ◽

pp. 942-946

Author(s):

Mohamad Firdaus Abdul Wahid ◽

C.M. Mardziah ◽

Koay Mei Hyie ◽

N.R. Nik Roselina

Keyword(s):

Crystal Size ◽

Diffraction Method ◽

Lattice Parameters ◽

Phase Changes ◽

Precipitation Method ◽

Zinc Ions ◽

Crystal Shape ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray

Hydroxyapatite was prepared by using precipitation method. The substitution of zinc ions in hydroxyapatite structure was studied by several characterization techniques. Several concentration of zinc ions were substituted into hydroxyapatite. Characterization technique such as X-ray diffraction method was used to study the phase changes and the lattice parameters with the addition of zinc. Field emission scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the influence of zinc on the crystal size and the morphology of the as-synthesized powders. Based on X-ray diffraction result, the addition of zinc affects the lattice parameters and phase. The result showed that zinc ions were substituted in the structure. As zinc substitution increased, the lattice parameters a and c decreased. The crystal shape of hydroxyapatite without zinc ions was regular shapes while hydroxyapatite with zinc ions was irregular and also tends to agglomerates with single particle was calculated about 28 - 34 nm .

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Lattice parameters and optical absorption of CuIn1-xGaxSe2 thin films

Canadian Journal of Physics ◽

10.1139/p99-039 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 77 (7) ◽

pp. 515-520

Author(s):

AAI Al-Bassam

Keyword(s):

Thin Film ◽

Crystal Structure ◽

Thin Films ◽

Grain Size ◽

Lattice Parameters ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Lattice Constants ◽

Cubic Structure ◽

Ga Content

Thin film polycrystalline solar cells based on CuIn1xGaxSe2 have been fabricated and studied with x values from 0 to 1.0. The lattice parameters, grain size, and band gap were measured. Crystal structure and X-ray data of CuIn1xGaxSe2 were determined using X-ray diffractometry. These materials had a cubic structure with x ≥ 0.5 and a tetragonal structure with x ≤ 0.5. The lattice constants vary linearly with composition. Grain size was measured using X-ray diffraction where the grain size increased linearly with Ga content. A grain size of 1.83-3.52 μm was observed with x ≤ 0.5, while it increased to 4.53 μm for x = 0.58.PACS No.: 70.73

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