Fatherhood and the Meaning of Children: An Ethnographic Study Among Puerto Rican Partners of Adolescent Mothers

This article reports findings from an ethnographic study of the views of 12 low-income Puerto Rican parents whose children were classified as learning disabled or mildly mentally retarded. Different cultural meanings of disability and normalcy led parents to reject the notion of disability and focus on the impact of family identity, language confusion, and detrimental educational practices on children's school performance. Parents' views were in line with current arguments against labeling and English-only instruction.

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Toward Community Empowerment: The Puerto Rican Ganchero

Contemporary Drug Problems ◽

10.1177/0091450920964576 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 009145092096457

Author(s):

C. Gelpí-Acosta ◽

H. Guarino ◽

E. Benoit ◽

S. Deren ◽

A. Rodríguez

Keyword(s):

Service Delivery ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Puerto Rican ◽

Risk Reduction ◽

Service Providers ◽

Community Empowerment ◽

Ethnographic Study ◽

Future Research ◽

Theory Approach ◽

Positive Health

People who inject drugs (PWID) who migrate from Puerto Rico (PR) to New York City (NYC) are at elevated risk for hepatitis C (HCV), HIV and drug overdose. There is an urgent need to identify a sustainable path toward improving the health outcomes of this population. Peer-driven HIV/HCV prevention interventions for PWID are effective in reducing risk behaviors. Additionally, the concept of intravention—naturally occurring disease prevention activities among PWID (Friedman, 2004)—is a suitable theoretical framework to cast and bolster PWID-indigenous risk reduction norms and practices to achieve positive health outcomes. From 2017–2019, we conducted an ethnographic study in the Bronx, NYC to identify the injection risks of migrant Puerto Rican PWID, institutional barriers to risk reduction and solutions to these barriers. Study components included a longitudinal ethnography with 40 migrant PWID (e.g., baseline and exit interviews and monthly face-to-face follow-ups for 12 months), two institutional ethnographies (IEs) with 10 migrants and six service providers, and three focus groups (FGs) with another 15 migrant PWID. Data were analyzed using a grounded theory approach. In this article, we present findings from the IEs and FGs, specifically regarding a promising intravention pathway to promote health empowerment among these migrants that leverages an existing social role within their networks: the PR-indigenous ganchero. A ganchero is a vein-finding expert who is paid with drugs or cash for providing injection services. Ethnographic evidence from this study suggests that gancheros can occupy harm reduction leadership roles among migrant Puerto Rican PWID, adapting standard overdose and HIV/HCV prevention education to the specific experiences of their community. We conclude by noting the culturally appropriate risk reduction service delivery improvements needed to mitigate the health vulnerabilities of migrants and provide a roadmap for improving service delivery and identifying future research avenues.

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Predictors of Repeat Pregnancy Outcome among Black and Puerto Rican Adolescent Mothers

Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics ◽

10.1097/00004703-199204000-00002 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 89-94 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

L ORIANA LINARES ◽

BONNIE J. LEADBEATER ◽

LESLIE JAFFE ◽

PAMELA M. KATO ◽

ANGELA DIAZ

Keyword(s):

Puerto Rican ◽

Pregnancy Outcome ◽

Adolescent Mothers ◽

Repeat Pregnancy

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Resilience of Gendered Spheres in Translational Migration: A Comparison of Two Cultures

The Qualitative Report ◽

10.46743/2160-3715/2011.1130 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Jose Calderon

Keyword(s):

Puerto Rican ◽

First Generation ◽

Participant Observation ◽

The United States ◽

Ethnographic Study ◽

Observation Methods ◽

The Us ◽

Cultural Mores ◽

And Gender ◽

The U.S

Sheba George's ethnographic study used participant-observation methods, purposive sampling, and an insider's transnational journey to examine changes in family and social roles that result when nurses from Kerala, India, immigrate to the United States ahead of their husbands. The author concludes that the economic and political gain immigration affords nurses does not translate into enhanced social status for their family in India nor for their husbands in the U.S. when they undergo a gender role transferal from primary breadwinner to homemaker whilst their wives pursue their nursing careers. In a key observation, the author emphasizes that this role transferal also caused shifts in gender structure within the U.S. Kerali community. The purpose of this paper is to offer a review of George's examination of resilience of patriarchal cultural mores and gender roles of Kerali "nurse husbands" in the U.S. and to cross-culturally compare their resilience to that of Puerto Rican men who were born and raised in Puerto Rico before migrating to the US mainland. This comparison is born of George's experience as a first-generation Kerali American and that of this reviewer as a first-generation Puerto Rican American.

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Biculturality and psychological adjustment among mainland Puerto Rican adolescent mothers

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e558522011-005 ◽

1998 ◽

Author(s):

Irene R. Lopez

Keyword(s):

Puerto Rican ◽

Psychological Adjustment ◽

Adolescent Mothers

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An ethnographic study of vocational rehabilitation for Puerto Rican Americans with severe mental illness.

Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal ◽

10.1037/h0095262 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 69-72 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hoyt Alverson ◽

Eduardo Vicente

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Vocational Rehabilitation ◽

Severe Mental Illness ◽

Puerto Rican ◽

Ethnographic Study

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Depressive symptoms in black and Puerto Rican adolescent mothers in the first 3 years postpartum

Development and Psychopathology ◽

10.1017/s0954579400000894 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 451-468 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

Bonnie J. Leadbeater ◽

Oriana Linares

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Puerto Rican ◽

Life Events ◽

Adolescent Mothers ◽

Stressful Life Events ◽

Social Supports ◽

Stressful Life ◽

First Year ◽

Affective Symptoms ◽

Depressed Mothers

AbstractWhile depressive symptoms in adolescent mothers may affect both their own and their babies' development, little research has focused on the mothers. Self-reported symptoms on the Beck Depression Inventory were collected at 1, 6, 12, and 28–36 months postpartum. Concurrent and reciprocal longitudinal relations among symptom levels, stressful life events, and social supports were investigated. Symptom levels declined over the four assessments, with changes in somatic, rather than cognitive affective, symptoms accounting for the decrease. Stressful life events and all sources of social supports predicted concurrent levels of depressive symptoms, but only social supports predicted declines in symptoms in the first year postpartum. Reciprocally, depressive symptoms tended (p = .06) to predict increases in stressful life events over time. Mothers were also categorized as reporting few (50%), intermittent (27.5%), or chronic (22.5%) symptoms in the first 12 months postpartum. Intermittently and chronically depressed mothers perceived their own mothers as less accepting than nondepressed mothers. Compared to nondepressed and intermittently depressed mothers, chronically depressed mothers also reported more stressful life events, were more likely to live alone, and experienced more moves by 28–36 months postpartum. The reciprocal causal relations among depressive symptoms, stress, and attachments to grandmothers and peers are discussed.

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