Violence Exposure, Drug Use and HIV/AIDS Risk Taking Behaviors: The Role of Gender

Objective: ADHD in adolescents and low level of parental monitoring have been associated with increased risk-taking behavior. The present study examined whether parental knowledge of the child’s whereabouts mediates the correlations between adolescent ADHD symptoms and risk-taking behavior. Method: Ninety-two adolescents and their parents completed questionnaires assessing perceptions of parents’ monitoring, engagement in risk-taking behaviors, and ADHD symptoms. Results: Greater engagement in risk-taking behavior correlated with higher levels of ADHD symptoms and decreased parental monitoring. Mediation analysis revealed both direct effect of ADHD symptoms on risk-taking behavior and an indirect effect mediated by level of parental knowledge. Conclusion: These findings suggest that parental knowledge is negatively affected by the presence of ADHD symptoms, and may in turn lead to risk-taking behavior. The findings emphasize the need to target parenting and in particular parental knowledge of the child’s whereabouts to reduce risk-taking behaviors among youth with ADHD.

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ADHD-associated risk-taking: The role of benefit and risk perceptions

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1973 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 33 (S1) ◽

pp. S533-S533

Author(s):

Y. Pollak ◽

H. Aloni ◽

R. Shoham

Keyword(s):

Risk Perception ◽

Risk Taking ◽

Risk Perceptions ◽

Real Life ◽

Risky Behaviors ◽

Adhd Symptoms ◽

Benefit Perception ◽

Risk Taking Behaviors ◽

Benefit And Risk

Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with increased engagement in risk-taking behaviors. The present study aimed to further our knowledge regarding the extent and the reasons for the association between ADHD symptoms and risk-taking, using a theory-driven behavioral economy theory. The Domain Specific Risk-Taking scale was used, on which 244 adults rated the likelihood of engagement in a range of risky behaviors, across five real life domains, as well as the magnitude of perceived benefit and risk they ascribed to these behaviors. Level of ADHD symptoms was positively correlated with engagement in risky behaviors and benefit perception, but not with risk perception. Mediation analysis confirmed that benefit perception, but not risk perception, mediated the association between ADHD symptoms and engagement in risk-taking behaviors (Fig. 1). These findings emphasize the role of benefit perception in facilitating risk-taking by people with ADHD symptoms.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Drug Use and HIV/AIDS: Risk Environments in Post-Soviet Russia

Geography and Drug Addiction ◽

10.1007/978-1-4020-8509-3_18 ◽

2008 ◽

pp. 287-303

Author(s):

Dominique Moran

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Risk Environments ◽

Aids Risk ◽

Soviet Russia ◽

Hiv Aids

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Third Italian national survey on knowledge, attitudes, and sexual behaviour in relation to HIV/AIDS risk and the role of health education campaigns

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckl024 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. 498-504 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Carlo Signorelli ◽

Cesira Pasquarella ◽

Rosa Maria Limina ◽

Edoardo Colzani ◽

Mila Fanti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Education ◽

National Survey ◽

Sexual Behaviour ◽

Aids Risk ◽

Education Campaigns ◽

Hiv Aids

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Trust Building via Risk Taking: A Cross-Societal Experiment

Social Psychology Quarterly ◽

10.1177/019027250506800202 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 68 (2) ◽

pp. 121-142 ◽

Cited By ~ 109

Author(s):

Karen S. Cook ◽

Toshio Yamagishi ◽

Coye Cheshire ◽

Robin Cooper ◽

Masafumi Matsuda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Taking ◽

The United States ◽

Trust Building ◽

Critical Element ◽

Cultural Effects ◽

Trust Relation ◽

The Social ◽

Risk Taking Behaviors ◽

Better Than

The role of risk taking in building trust relations has largely been overlooked in the burgeoning literature on trust in the social sciences; yet it is central to understanding how trust develops. We argue that a series of risk-taking behaviors is indispensable to building a trust relation. We conducted experiments in Japan and the United States to examine the independent and cross-cultural effects of risk taking on trust building. The results of these experiments indicate that the American participants took more risks than did the Japanese, supporting the general claim that Americans are inclined toward risk taking and trust building. Even so, the Americans were no better than the Japanese at improving the level of cooperation. The cumulative results of these experiments imply that risk taking is a critical element in trust building for Americans, but less so for the Japanese. Our results show clearly that it is important to distinguish trusting behavior from cooperation and to measure them separately if we are to study trust and trust building in relation to social cooperation.

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