Bowel Habits and Toilet Training in Rural and Urban Dwelling Children in a Developing Country

Objectives: To evaluate the post-operative complications and short-term outcomes of modified Duhamel retrorectal pull-through procedure for Hirschsprung’s disease. Design: Prospective descriptive study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Paediatric Surgery Sahiwal Teaching Hospital Sahiwal from 1stJanuary 2018 to 31st December 2020. Methodology: Thirty seven histologically confirmed cases of Hirschsprung’sdisease having previous decompressing colostomy/stoma age between 1 to 12 years of agewere included. Children under one year of age, with sever comorbidities like Down syndrome and cardiac abnormalities, and those who require re-do pull through procedure were excluded. Modified Duhamel retrorectal pull-through procedure was performed in all cases. The demographic information included age, sex, proximal level of aganglinosis, complications of definite procedure, length of hospitalization andmortality. Other information recorded included long term complications like obstructive symptoms, enterocolitis, incontinence and soiling at follow up. Krickenbeck classification was used to evaluate faecal incontinence and constipation. Kelly’s clinical score was used to assess the anal sphincter. Bowel habits were assessed only in children above three years of age. Results: Twenty six (70.27%) were males and 11 (29.72%) females with male to female ratio 2.3:1 and mean age at operation was 2.89±1-9 years. Twenty nine (78.37%) children were ≤3 years of age and 8 (21.62%) were >3 years. Mean weight was 12.91 kgs, operation time was 126.81 time, fasting time was 6.67 days and hospital stay was 11.91 days. Length of aganglionic segment was short segment 27 (72.97%), long segment 9 (24.32%) and total colonic 1 (2.7%). Hirschsprung associated enterocolitis 7 (18.91%) and wound infection 6(16.21%) were most common reported complications. Constipation in 5(13.51) and soiling with retentive constipation was present in 3 (8.10%) patients. Out of total 31 patients who reached toilet training age, 28 (90.32%) developed satisfactory voluntary bowel habits. Conclusion: Modified Duhamel pull-through procedure was found to be safe, applicable and with lower associated complications and satisfactory short term functional outcomes in our settings. Key words: Hirschsprung’s disease, Modified Duhamel pull-through procedure, Complications, Outcomes

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Bowel Habits and Toilet Training in a Diverse Population of Children

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition ◽

10.1097/mpg.0b013e31817efbf7 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 294-298 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Ellen R Wald ◽

Carlo Di Lorenzo ◽

Lynne Cipriani ◽

D Kathleen Colborn ◽

Rosa Burgers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Toilet Training ◽

Diverse Population ◽

Bowel Habits

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Difference in Stroke Knowledge between Rural and Urban Communities in a Developing Country after Community-Based Stroke Educational Campaigns: Results from a Cross-Sectional Study

Neuroepidemiology ◽

10.1159/000490724 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 51 (3-4) ◽

pp. 224-229 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Fernando Góngora-Rivera ◽

Alejandro González-Aquines ◽

Walter Muruet ◽

Silvia Barrera-Barrera ◽

Humberto Leal-Bailey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urban Communities ◽

Developing Country ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Educational Campaigns ◽

Stroke Knowledge

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P2-341 The prevalence and influences on aetiology of angina in rural and urban populations in a developing country: the Peru Migrant Study

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health ◽

10.1136/jech.2011.142976k.73 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 65 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. A316-A317 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. J. Zaman ◽

C. L. de Mola ◽

R. H. Gilman ◽

L. Smeeth ◽

J. J. Miranda

Keyword(s):

Developing Country ◽

Urban Populations ◽

Rural And Urban

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Informal institutions and leadership behavior in a developing country: A comparison between rural and urban areas

Journal of Business Research ◽

10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.04.073 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 132 ◽

pp. 544-556

Author(s):

David Urbano ◽

Claudia Felix ◽

Sebastian Aparicio

Keyword(s):

Developing Country ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Leadership Behavior ◽

Informal Institutions ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban

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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Treatment and Prognosis of AMI in Urban and Rural Areas in Developing Country

10.21203/rs.3.rs-917391/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yuan Lu ◽

Lei Chen ◽

Chengzong Li ◽

Yu Yang ◽

Zhirong Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hospital Stay ◽

Developing Country ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Treatment Time ◽

Control Group ◽

Invasive Treatment ◽

Killip Class ◽

Delayed Treatment ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background COVID-19 continues to spread globally, this study is the first to explore the impact of COVID-19 on the treatment and prognosis of rural and urban acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in developing country.Methods A total of 128 patients with AMI in our hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic (January 25, 2020-March 24, 2020) were enrolled. As a control group, a total of 197 patients diagnosed with AMI from November 25, 2019 to January 24, 2020 were selected. A total of 1 year of follow-up was performed. In addition to basic clinical data, this study focused on the treatment time, Killip class and hospital stay, the event of interest was defined as MACE (all-cause death, reinfarction, new congestive heart failure).Results Compared with Before COVID-19 group, the proportion of killip class≥2 was significantly higher in During COVID-19 group in AMI Total. In Rural AMI, hospital stay and the proportion of killip class≥2 were increased in During COVID-19 group. In STEMI Total and Rural STEMI, the treatment time in During COVID-19 group was longer than that in Before COVID-19 group, while only S to D Total and D to B were extended in Urban STEMI. The proportion of Invasive treatment time within 24 hours in NSTEMI patients was obviously lowered in During COVID-19 group. In AMI Total and Rural AMI, MACE and all-cause mortality were increased in During COVID-19 group compared with Before COVID-19 group. Through Kaplan-Meier analysis, it was found that the survival and the occurrences of MACE in AMI Total and Rural AMI were significantly higher in During COVID-19 group.Conclusion COVID-19 pandemic can lead to delayed treatment and worse prognosis in AMI patients, and rural areas seem to be more worrying.

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A comparative study on bowel habits among the rural and urban school going adolescents of Puducherry

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20204450 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 4597

Author(s):

Shiyam V. ◽

Nishanthini N. ◽

Niranjjan R. ◽

Lokeshmaran A.

Keyword(s):

Urban Area ◽

Rural Area ◽

Open Field ◽

Urban Adolescents ◽

Bowel Habit ◽

Rural Adolescents ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Bowel Habits ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Stool Form

Background: Adolescence stage the most challenging periods and critical period in one’s life. Bowel habit an important process in day to day life which also shows changes in its pattern from daily life. These changes need to be evaluated for the cause and to prevent certain diseases involving colon and rectum. Objectives was to determine and compare the bowel habits among school going adolescents in rural and urban areas of Puducherry.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted from Jun 2019 to Aug 2019. School students from 6th to 12th standard were selected by multistage random sampling method. A semi structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 20.Results: A cross sectional school-based study was conducted among 1350 school going adolescence, among them 618 students from rural area and 732 students from urban area participated in the study. Prevalence of constipation was higher among school going adolescents of urban area (21.9%) compared to that of rural area (19.2%). Prevalence of diarrhoea was higher among the school going adolescents of rural area (6.2%) compared to that of urban area (4.1%). Open field defaecation practice was high among the rural adolescents (26.9%) compared to that of urban adolescents (7.4%). Type 3 stool form was the predominant type in both rural (50.03%) and urban (51.8%) school which is the normal stool form in bristol stool chart.Conclusions: Total 87.2% of rural and 87% of urban school going adolescents have a normal bowel habit. Open field defaecation practice was high among the rural adolescents compared to that of urban adolescents.

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