GC–MS analysis of bioactive components and synthesis of gold nanoparticle using Chloroxylon swietenia DC leaf extract and its larvicidal activity

2015 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Govindasamy Balasubramani ◽  
Rajendiran Ramkumar ◽  
Narayanaswamy Krishnaveni ◽  
Rajamani Sowmiya ◽  
Paramasivam Deepak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticle ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Chloroxylon Swietenia

scholarly journals Larvicidal Efficacy and GC-MS Analysis of Hyptis suaveolens Leaf Extracts against Anopheles Species

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-19
Author(s):  
Y. D. Dakum ◽  
C. N. Amajoh ◽  
A. Ombugadu ◽  
G. Istifanus ◽  
F. Agwom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Anopheles Species ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Hyptis Suaveolens ◽  
Crude Leaf Extract

Mosquitoes are the most important group of insects in terms of public health importance, which transmit serious human diseases. The continuous application of synthetic insecticides to control these mosquitoes causes development of resistance in vector species, and an adverse effect on environmental quality and non-target organisms including human health. Therefore, the use of active toxic agents from plant extracts as alternative mosquito control strategy cannot be over emphasized, as these are non-toxic, easily available at affordable prices, biodegradable and show target - specific activities against different species of vector mosquitoes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the larvicidal efficacy of the aqueous and methanol leaf extracts of H. suaveolens against the fourth instars larvae of Anopheles species. Standard WHO protocols was adopted for the larvicidal bioassay. Larvicidal activity was evaluated at concentrations of 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 mg/L. The larval mortality was observed after 24 and 48hours bioassay. The results are mean of three replicates and the mortalities recorded were subjected to chi-square test and probit analysis to determine median lethal concentrations (LC50). TheGC-MS analysis ofthe methanolic leaf extract of the plantrevealed the presence of twelve compounds on the chromatogram. Among the major compounds areOleic Acid (33.33%), Octadecanoic acid (13.52%), 1,3-Cyclohexadiene-1-methanol,alpha.,2,6,6-(10.42%), 1,3-Cyclopentanediol, trans (9.60%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (9.01%) and 4-Hepten-3-one, 4-methyl (7.0%).The phytochemical screening of the aqueous and methanol leaf extracts of the plant revealed the presence of Tannins, Terpenoids, Flavonoids, Steroids, Carbohydrates, Cardiac glycoside and resins. The LC50 values estimated were 316.22mg/Lfor methanol extract and 323.59 mg/L for aqueous extract. The differences between the two extracts were however not significantly different at P>0.05. The findings also revealed that mortality was concentration dependent and both extracts showed promising larvicidal activity against Anopheles species larvae. Therefore, the crude leaf extract of the plant is recommended to be used as alternative to synthetic larvicides and further research is needed to test the activity of the plant on non-target organisms.

Gold nanoparticle-enhanced target for MS analysis and imaging of harmful compounds in plant, animal tissue and on fingerprint

2015 ◽  
Vol 895 ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Sekuła ◽  
Joanna Nizioł ◽  
Maria Misiorek ◽  
Paulina Dec ◽  
Agnieszka Wrona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticle ◽  
Animal Tissue ◽  
Ms Analysis

Phytochemical Screening and Larvicidal Assessment of Bellyache Bush (Jatropha gossypiifolia) Leaf Extracts Against Culex quinquefasciatus Larvae

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
J.H. Buduwara ◽  
T. Adiel ◽  
R. Sami ◽  
M.L. Tafem
Keyword(s):  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Fourth Stage ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Ethanolic Leaf Extract ◽  
Jatropha Gossypiifolia

The development of resistance by Culex mosquitoes to synthetic insecticides has necessitated the continued search for alternative ones from plants. This study screened the preliminary qualitative phytochemicals and assessed the larvicidal efficacy of extracts of J. gossypiifolia leaf against third and fourth stage Culex quinquefasciatus larvae. The J. gossypiifolia was screened for the presence of phytochemicals using standard methods. After twenty-four (24) hours post exposure of both third and fourth stage C. quinquefasciatus larvae against different concentrations, (2.0mg/ml, 4.0mg/ml, 6.0mg/ml, 8.0mg/ml and 10 mg/ml) of various extracts. It showed that larval mortality increases significantly (p<0.05) with increase in extracts concentration. Acetone leaf extract showed highest mortality at 10mg/ml with 85% third stage Culex larvae mortality, followed by ethanolic leaf extract. However, least mortality was observed in n-Hexane leaf extract with 15% larval mortality against fourth stage Culex larvae. Low LC and LC values (3.715mg/ml and 12.490mg/ml) were noticed in 50 90 acetone leaf extract of J. gossypiifolia. The study observed that the highest LC and LC values (9.104mg/ml and 50 90 22.877mg/ml) were noticed in hexane leaf extracts. Conclusively, acetone leaf extract of J. gossypiifolia can be harnessed to control Culex larvae. However, there is a need to ascertain the quantities of bioactive components of J. gossypiifolia and its toxicity to non-target organisms. Keywords: Jatropha gossypiifolia, Phytochemicals, Culex larvae

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY SCREENING OF PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS, ANTIOXIDANT, AND ANTI-BACTERIAL ACTIVITIES IN THE METHANOLIC LEAF EXTRACT OF MELIOSMA SIMPLICIFOLIA (L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
PAVITHRA S ◽  
SEKAR T
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

Objective: In the present study is investigated of phytochemicals and antioxidant activities of the leaf extracts from Meliosma simplicifolia (L.). Methods: The seaweed sample was subjected to extraction with solvents of different polarities (hot water, methanol, acetone, chloroform, and petroleum ether) and screened for phytochemicals according to standard methods. The ability of the plant extract to act as hydrogen/electrons donor or scavenger of radicals was determined by in vitro antioxidant assays using 2,2-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl free radical (DPPH) scavenging, reducing power assay, and superoxide radical (O2•) scavenging activity. The ICPMS and GC-MS analysis of the methanol leaf extract of M. simplicifolia was revealed the presence of antibacterial. Results: Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of Preliminary metabolites Quantitative studies of estimated phenol, flavonoid and tannin, as for the methanol extract of stem showed the highest content of phenolic compounds (40.71±0.94 GAE mg/100). Antioxidant activities were concluded the estimation M. simplicifolia leaf for as followed the studies. In leaf the highest DPPH scavenging activity (132.3 μg/ml), ICP-MS analysis of the leaf extract showed the presence minerals such as Mg, Fe, Cu, Na, and Zn in excess. The leaf extract of the plant was also tested for its antibacterial activity and results confirmed that it has potential activity. Conclusion: The preliminary studies in the methanol extract of the leaf of M. simplicifolia are suggestive of the antibacterial potentials of the methanol extract of leaves of M. simplicifolia.

Control of JE vector by organic compounds isolated and green nanoparticles synthesised from leaf extract of Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Someshwar Singha ◽  
Goutam Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Active Principle ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus

Abstract Background: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a dreadful disease transmitted by Culex vishnui group of mosquitoes. Control of JE vectors at the larval stage is one of the effective approaches in controlling JE. Methods: Leaves of Holoptelea integrifolia were subjected to petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, acetone and absolute alcohol solvent extraction by Soxhlet apparatus. As the ethyl acetate extract showed best mosquito larvicidal activity against Culex vishnui, it extract was selected and processed further for isolation of active principle through column chromatography and TLC and then characterization of the active principle by FTIR and GC-MS was done. Results: Ethyl acetate extract was found to be the most potent larvicide. In the active fraction of isolated compounds from ethyl acetate extract, N-methyl-1-adamantaneacetamide was the major constituent responsible for larvicidal activity of Culex vishnui. Green nanoparticles were synthesised by treating silver nitrate with leaf extract of H. integrifolia and were examined for larvicidal activity. Nanoparticles were characterised by UV-VIS spectral analysis, XRD study, TEM, SEM and FTIR spectral analysis. Synthesised nanoparticles were 40-50 nm in size and showed good larvicidal activity on Cx. vishnui mosquitoes at 1.25, 2.25, 5, 7.5 and 10 ppm concentrations. Active principle of plant extract and green nanoparticles showed eco-friendly effect on non-target organisms like Chironomus circumdatus, Daphnia sp, Diplonychus anulatum and Tadpole larvae. Conclusion: Thus it can be concluded that active ingredient as well as green synthesized nano particles from H. integrifolia can be a good alternative of presently used chemical insecticides.

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