Recalibrating the epigenetic clock after exposure to trauma: The role of risk and protective psychosocial factors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divya Mehta ◽  
Dagmar Bruenig ◽  
John Pierce ◽  
Anita Sathyanarayanan ◽  
Rachel Stringfellow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Epigenetic Clock ◽  
Exposure To Trauma

The Role of Psychosocial Factors in Chronic Illness: What we can Learn from Asthma

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua M. Smyth ◽  
Jill Hockemeyer ◽  
Adam Hurewitz ◽  
Arthur A. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Psychosocial Factors

The role of psychosocial factors in Black women's self‐efficacy in receiving genetic counseling and testing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanghe Ding ◽  
Arnethea L. Sutton ◽  
Alejandra Hurtado‐de‐Mendoza ◽  
Vanessa B. Sheppard
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Counseling ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Counseling And Testing

Adolescent girls and criminal activity: Role of MAOA-LPR genotype and psychosocial factors

2007 ◽  
Vol 144B (2) ◽  
pp. 159-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rickard L. Sjöberg ◽  
Kent W. Nilsson ◽  
Hanna-Linn Wargelius ◽  
Jerzy Leppert ◽  
Leif Lindström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Criminal Activity

scholarly journals The Intergenerational Transmission of Socioeconomic Advantage: Some Longitudinal Evidence

2021 ◽  
pp. 002205742199832
Author(s):  
Tony Cassidy ◽  
Marian McLaughlin ◽  
Eimear McDowell
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
Education System ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Academic Development ◽  
Academic Growth ◽  
Educational Opportunities ◽  
Single Solution

Intergenerational transmission of disadvantage remains a problem despite political and educational initiatives. This study explored the role of personality and psychosocial factors in occupational status in a survey of 383 participants (174 males and 209 females) over 39 years from age 16 to 55. Mother’s education, extraversion, and mastery motivation were the best predictors of current socioeconomic status. A focus on education and academic development as the single solution to social immobility has been ineffective. Instead a broader approach which includes realistic lifelong educational opportunities and an education system which enables socioemotional development as well as academic growth is recommended.

EIMECA: A Proposal for a Model of Collective Environmental Actions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Carmona-Moya ◽  
Antonia Calvo-Salguero ◽  
M.Carmen Aguilar-Luzón
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Environmental Action ◽  
Environmental Identity ◽  
Group Efficacy ◽  
Negative Affects ◽  
Environmental Actions

The deterioration and destruction of the environment is becoming more and more considerable and greater efforts are needed to stop it. To accomplish this feat, all members of society must identify with environmental problems, with collective environmental action being one of the most relevant means of doing so. From this perspective, the analysis of the psychosocial factors that lead to participation in environmental collective action emerges as a priority objective in the research agenda. Thus, the aim of this study is to examine the role of "environmental identity" as conceptualized by Clayton, as a central axis for explaining environmental collective action. The inclusion of the latter in the theoretical framework of the SIMCA model gives rise to the model that we have called EIMECA. Two studies were conducted, and the results reveal that environmental identity, a variety of negative affects, as well as group efficacy accompanied by hope for a simultaneous additive effect, are critical when it comes to predicting environmental collective action.

scholarly journals The relationship between psychosocial factors and reported disability: The role of pain self-efficacy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Varela
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Chronic pain in all its forms and the accompanying level of disability is a healthcare crisis that reaches epidemic proportions and is considered a world level crisis. Chronic non-specific low back pain contributes a significant proportion of chronic pain. Specific psychosocial factors and their influence on reported disability in a chronic non-specific low back pain (CNLBP) population was researched. Methods Psychosocial factors examined include fear, catastrophizing, depression, and pain self-efficacy. This cross-sectional correlational study examined the mediating role between pain self-efficacy and the specific psychosocial factors with reported disability. The study included 90 participants with CNLBP between 20 and 60 years of age. Participants completed the Fear Avoidance Belief Questionnaire, The Pain Catastrophizing Scale, The Patient Health Questionnaire-9, The Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, and The Lumbar Oswestry Disability Index to measure fear of physical activity, pain catastrophizing, depression, pain self-efficacy, and reported disability, respectively. The study used multivariate regression and mediation analyses. Results The principal finding of the study was a strong inverse relationship between pain self-efficacy and reported disability. Further, pain self-efficacy was considered a statistic mediator for all psychosocial factors investigated within this data set. Pain self-efficacy was strongly considered to have a mediating role between reported fear of physical activity and disability, reported pain catastrophizing and disability, and reported depression and disability. Additionally, adjusting for age and reported pain levels proved to be statistically significant, and it did not alter the role of pain self-efficacy. Conclusion The results identified that pain self-efficacy had a mediating role in the relationship between the specific psychosocial factors of fear, catastrophizing, and depression and reported disability. Pain self-efficacy plays a more significant role in the relationships between specific psychosocial factors and reported disability with CNLBP than previously considered.

scholarly journals Role of Psychosocial Factors In Vicarious Traumatization: A Comparative Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Nazia Mustafa ◽  
Hina Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Vicarious Traumatization ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal History ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed at investigating the role of psychosocial factors such as, gender, marital status, profession, and personal history of trauma in vicarious traumatization (VT). METHODOLOGY: Cross sectional study was conducted at various hospitals in Rawalpindi and Islamabad over the period of 6 months from January 2018 to June 2018. A sample of 170 healthcare professionals (doctors=39, psychiatrists=27, psychologists=36, nurses=30 and others=38) (men=67, women=103) was taken from various hospitals in Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Data were collected by using the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale. RESULTS: Results revealed significant differences have been found among various groups of healthcare professionals (doctors, psychiatrist, psychologists, nurses and others) in whom psychiatrists are the most vulnerable group for vicarious traumatization and psychologists are the least vulnerable group. Moreover, healthcare professionals who are married and have personal history of trauma are more vulnerable for vicarious traumatization as compared to those who are unmarried and without personal history of trauma. No significant gender differences have been found among health care professionals on vicarious traumatization. CONCLUSION: The findings of present research have emphasized that vicarious traumatization must be addressed and identified in a health setting.

Behavioral and Psychosocial Context of Pharmaceutical Cognitive Enhancers` Misuse

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Tomažič ◽  
Anita Čelofiga
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cognitive Enhancers ◽  
Material Goods ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Academic Grades ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Abstract Background In an effort for better memory, greater motivation and concentration, otherwise healthy individuals use Pharmaceutical Cognitive Enhancers (PCE), medicines for the treatment of cognitive deficits of patients with various disorders and health problems, to achieve greater productivity, efficiency, and performance. Methods In our study, we examined the use of PCE use among 289 students at the Slovenian Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science in the behavioral and psychosocial context (students’ attitudes towards study, parents, health, leisure time and work). Furthermore, we addressed also the immediate reasons, or the hypothesized connections of behavioral and psychosocial aspects, related to PCE misuse. The study consisted of a structured questionnaire, and the chi-square tests were used. Results An analysis of student statements revealed differences in students` and parents` attitudes toward good academic grades. In addition, students chose among 17 values relating to relationships with parents, friends, partners, careers, study obligations, leisure, hobbies, material goods, appearance and the future, and assessed their importance. Regardless of the group they belonged to, young people cited the same values among the most important. Good grades and parental opinions have proven to be key factors in the context of PCE abuse. Conclusions This research was the first study to examine the relation between PCE misuse and the role of different behavioral and psychosocial factors. However, the further research is needed, both on the actual effects of PCE on healthy people, as well as on continuing research towards behavioral and psychosocial factors.

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