Population attributable risk factors in women: Should we be investing more in the promotion of physical activity?

Abstract Background Blood stream infections are considered as a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates. Recent trend shows increasing resistance to commonly used antibiotics. Aims and objectives The aim of this study is to find the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of various bacteria from blood samples in neonates and associated risk factors. Methods All consecutive cases of intramural neonatal sepsis were enrolled for >12 months. Before starting or changing antibiotic, blood sample under all aseptic precautions was taken for culture. Clinical and demographic details were recorded to analyze risk factors for sepsis. Antibiotic sensitivity tests were done as per CLSI 2019 guidelines. Results Of the 898 participants, 107 showed culture positivity. Klebsiella pneumoniae (25.2%) and Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (23.3%). The blood culture positivity rate was 11.9%. Approximately 79% of isolates were multidrug-resistant: extended-spectrum beta-lactamase 90%, carbapenemase-resistant Enterobacteriaceae 27.7% and MRSA 43%. The risk factors found to be associated with sepsis were period of gestation ≤37 weeks, meconium-stained liquor, birth weight <1500 g, mechanical ventilation, partial exchange transfusion, duration of antibiotics for >10 days and duration of both NICU stay and hospital stay for >10 days. The case fatality rate (CFR) was more due to K. pneumoniae (19.2%) and the relative risk of death was 2.53 in culture-positive cases with an attributable risk of 60% and the population attributable risk of 15.4%. Conclusion Increase in antibiotic resistance organisms can lead to an increase in the neonatal CFR, so regular surveillance is needed.

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392 THE POPULATION ATTRIBUTABLE RISK OF MODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS FOR INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(21)00939-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 160 (6) ◽

pp. S-81

Author(s):

Emily W. Lopes ◽

Mingyang Song ◽

Kristin E. Burke ◽

Ashwin Ananthakrishnan ◽

James Richter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Bowel Disease ◽

Population Attributable Risk ◽

Attributable Risk ◽

Modifiable Risk Factors ◽

Inflammatory Bowel

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Population-Attributable Risk Proportion of Clinical Risk Factors for Breast Cancer

JAMA Oncology ◽

10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.6326 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (9) ◽

pp. 1228 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

Natalie J. Engmann ◽

Marzieh K. Golmakani ◽

Diana L. Miglioretti ◽

Brian L. Sprague ◽

Karla Kerlikowske ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Population Attributable Risk ◽

Attributable Risk ◽

Clinical Risk Factors ◽

Clinical Risk

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Updated estimates of comorbidities associated with risk for COVID-19 complications based on US data

10.1101/2020.05.02.20088781 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mary L. Adams ◽

Joseph Grandpre ◽

David L. Katz

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Household Income ◽

Sedentary Lifestyle ◽

Vegetable Consumption ◽

Population Attributable Risk ◽

Attributable Risk ◽

High School Education ◽

Mortality Data ◽

Health Promotion Campaign ◽

Increasing Risk

AbstractWe updated previous estimates (wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/8/20-0679_article) of adults with any underlying condition increasing risk of complications from COVID-19 using recent US hospitalization data instead of mortality data from China. This substitutes obesity for cancer in the definition and increased the percentage of adults reporting ≥1 condition to 56.0% (95% CI 55.7-56.4). When controlled for all measures listed, factors increasing odds of reporting any of the underlying conditions include being male, older, African American, American Indian, household income <$25,000, < high school education, underinsurance, living in the South or Midwest (vs. West), plus the risk factors of ever smoking, sedentary lifestyle, and inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption. Population-attributable risk for the listed risk factors was 13.0%, 12.6%, and 15.0% respectively. Results have potential implications for policies based on risk-stratification of the population and for improvement of risk status through lifestyle change. National support for a “health promotion” campaign would be timely.

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