High Expression of Somatostatin Type 2 Receptor (SSTR2) and Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide Receptor (GIPR) in Stomach and Duodenal Neuroendocrine Tumors (NETs)

Duodenal neuroendocrine tumors are rare neoplasms arising from endocrine cells. Here we present a case of 32-year-old woman with Duodenal neuroendocrine tumors, report the imaging and contrast-enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) features and review previous literatures of neuroendocrine tumors, which may be valuable for the differential diagnosis of duodenal neoplasms.

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No histology for diminutive duodenal neuroendocrine tumors: Is it safe?

Endoscopy International Open ◽

10.1055/a-0650-4478 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 07 (02) ◽

pp. E308-E309

Author(s):

Thomas Walter

Keyword(s):

Natural History ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽

Surgical Procedures ◽

Abdominal Ct ◽

Abdominal Ct Scan ◽

Interesting Approach ◽

History Of ◽

Duodenal Neuroendocrine Tumors

AbstractFor the management of diminutive duodenal neuroendocrine tumors (d-NETs), Harshit et al. have proposed – in the work accompanying this editorial – an interesting approach, the endoscopic banding without resection (BWR) technique. Given the risks associated with classic endoscopic resections and surgical procedures, and the likely favorable natural history of diminutive d-NETs, BWR may be an option for these selected patients with a very low risk of LN + and recurrence. However, a close follow-up (endoscopic, EUS and thoraco-abdominal CT scan) is then required to guarantee the safety of this policy.

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Effect of physical form of carbohydrate on the postprandial glucose, insulin, and gastric inhibitory polypeptide responses in type 2 diabetes

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1093/ajcn/36.1.10 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 10-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

G Collier ◽

K O'Dea

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide ◽

Postprandial Glucose ◽

Physical Form

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Epigenetic regulation of somatostatin and somatostatin receptors in neuroendocrine tumors and other types of cancer

Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders ◽

10.1007/s11154-020-09607-z ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

M.J. Klomp ◽

S.U. Dalm ◽

M. de Jong ◽

R.A. Feelders ◽

J. Hofland ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protein Expression ◽

Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽

Epigenetic Regulation ◽

Somatostatin Receptors ◽

Secretory Activity ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Epigenetic Machinery ◽

Gene And Protein Expression

Abstract Both somatostatin (SST) and somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) are proteins with important functions in both physiological tissue and in tumors, particularly in neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). NETs are frequently characterized by high SSTRs expression levels. SST analogues (SSAs) that bind and activate SSTR have anti-proliferative and anti-secretory activity, thereby reducing both the growth as well as the hormonal symptoms of NETs. Moreover, the high expression levels of SSTR type-2 (SSTR2) in NETs is a powerful target for therapy with radiolabeled SSAs. Due to the important role of both SST and SSTRs, it is of great importance to elucidate the mechanisms involved in regulating their expression in NETs, as well as in other types of tumors. The field of epigenetics recently gained interest in NET research, highlighting the importance of this process in regulating the expression of gene and protein expression. In this review we will discuss the role of the epigenetic machinery in controlling the expression of both SSTRs and the neuropeptide SST. Particular attention will be given to the epigenetic regulation of these proteins in NETs, whereas the involvement of the epigenetic machinery in other types of cancer will be discussed as well. In addition, we will discuss the possibility to target enzymes involved in the epigenetic machinery to modify the expression of the SST-system, thereby possibly improving therapeutic options.

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Duodenal Neuroendocrine Tumors: Location Matters!

The American Surgeon ◽

10.1177/000313481608200510 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 82 (5) ◽

pp. 386-389

Author(s):

Mohd Raashid Sheikh ◽

Houssam Osman ◽

Susannah Cheek ◽

Shanee Hunter ◽

Dhiresh Rohan Jeyarajah

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Positive Lymph Node ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Aggressive Surgical Approach ◽

Duodenal Resection ◽

Operative Findings ◽

Duodenal Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽

Transduodenal Excision

Duodenal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare. Historically, when feasible a less aggressive surgical approach is considered. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with prognosis and the necessity for more aggressive surgical procedures. All patients who underwent surgery for duodenal NETs between September 2005 and June 2014 were identified retrospectively. Data collected included clinical presentation, operative findings, and histopathological data. Eighteen patients underwent surgical management for duodenal NETs. Two patients underwent transduodenal excision (11%), two patients had partial duodenal resection (11%), two patients had antrectomy including 1st part of duodenum (D1) resection (33%), and eight underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy [PD (44%)]. On analysis, 2nd part of duodenum (D2) location was the most common site of duodenal NETs (n = 9, 50%). The odds of having a PD were 10 times higher when the lesion was in D2 location. The odds of having a positive lymph node are nine times higher when the lesion is in D2 region. The odds of having a positive lymph node are three times higher when lesion is greater than T1. D2 location of NETs is associated with higher odds of lymph node positivity and need for more extensive procedures like PD.

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