P09.19 Health Disparities Characteristics in Cancer Survivorships among Sexual Minorities in the US - A Cross-Sectional Study Using BRFSS 2018 Data

Background: According to the US Institute of Medicine guideline, preschool-aged children should participate in ≥15 minutes of physical activity (PA) per hour or 3 hours per day over 12 hours. Examinations of PA guideline compliance to date averaged time spent in PA over several days; however, children could exceed the guideline on some days and not on others. Therefore, this cross-sectional study examined PA guideline compliance in preschool children based on number of minutes per hour (average method) and percentage of days the guideline was met (everyday method). Methods: PA was measured by accelerometry during the preschool day for up to 10 days in 177 children (59.3% males, Mage = 4.23). Minutes per hour and percentage of time in light, moderate to vigorous, and total PAs were calculated. Percentage of days in compliance was determined by number of days in compliance (defined as the child active on average ≥15 min/h) divided by total accelerometer days. Results: Children engaged in PA, on average, 17.01 minutes per hour, suggesting that on average, children are meeting the guideline. However, children were only in compliance with the PA guideline 62.41% of assessment days. Conclusions: Findings demonstrate the importance of examining compliance with both the average and everyday methods to more accurately portray level of Institute of Medicine PA guideline compliance.

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Cross-sectional study of perceived neighborhood collective efficacy and risk of adhd among a nationally-representative sample of children

Journal of Epidemiological Research ◽

10.5430/jer.v2n1p71 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 71 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Chris Derauf ◽

Diana Pandey ◽

Juliette T. Liesinger ◽

Euijung Ryu ◽

Jeanette Y. Ziegenfuss ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Built Environment ◽

Collective Efficacy ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Socioeconomic Conditions ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Neighborhood Collective Efficacy ◽

The Us ◽

Nationally Representative

Objectives: The development and severity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been linked to a number of psychosocial risk factors. Research has shown that the amount of social capital in a community influences the physical and mental health of community members. We assessed the independent role of perceived neighborhood context, including physical and socioeconomic characteristics, and collective efficacy, a form of social capital, on ADHD prevalence. Methods: Cross-sectional study utilizing the 2007 National Survey of Children’s Health, a nationally representative dataset. The population of interest was children between the ages of four and seventeen living in randomly selected households. Multiple logistic regression models were used to assess the association between indices of perceived neighborhood socioeconomic conditions, built environment, and collective efficacy (study exposures) on risk of ADHD (outcome), controlling for pertinent individual and family risk factors.Results: 9.8 percent of children in the US (ages 4‐17) had ADHD as reported by their caregiver. In multivariate analysis, white race, male gender, increased geographic mobility, exposure to household smoke, exposure to > 2 hours/day TV, and maternal mental illness increased the odds of ADHD, while a two‐parent household reduced the odds. The highest level of perceived neighborhood collective efficacy was associated with reduced risk of ADHD compared to lower levels of perceived collective efficacy (adjusted OR: 0.785; 95% CI: 0.650-0.946; p=.011). Perceived neighborhood socioeconomic conditions and built environment were not associated with ADHD risk.Results: Nine percent of children in the US (ages 4-17 ) had ADHD as reported by their caregiver. Univariately, all 3 neighborhood characteristics were associated with risk of ADHD (p-value =.01, .04, and .0002 for socioeconomic conditions, built environment, and collective efficacy, respectively). After accounting for well-established risk factors for ADHD, perceived neighborhood socioeconomic conditions and built environment were no longer associated with ADHD, while collective efficacy remained significant (p=.0002). Lower level of perceived neighborhood collective efficacy was associated with increased risk of ADHD (OR: 1.7; 95\% CI: 1.3-2.2, comparing the lowest with the highest level).Conclusions: Our study suggests that perceived neighborhood collective efficacy may buffer the impact of individual-and family-level risk factors for ADHD in children.

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The geographic distribution of the US pediatric dermatologist workforce: A national cross‐sectional study

Pediatric Dermatology ◽

10.1111/pde.14369 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 37 (6) ◽

pp. 1098-1105

Author(s):

Sepideh Ashrafzadeh ◽

Gregory A. Peters ◽

Heather A. Brandling‐Bennett ◽

Jennifer T. Huang

Keyword(s):

Geographic Distribution ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Us

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A cross-sectional study of self-rated health among older adults: a comparison of China and the United States

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027895 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. e027895 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dongjuan Xu ◽

Greg Arling ◽

Kefang Wang

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Older Americans ◽

Self Rated Health ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Ordered Logistic Regression ◽

The Us ◽

The Usa

ObjectivesWe used nationally representative samples of China and the US older population to investigate (1) whether factors influencing self-rated health among older Chinese were similar to those among older Americans; and (2) whether there was a significant cross-national difference in self-rated health between China and the USA after controlling those available influencing factors.DesignA cross-sectional study. Data came from the 2014 Health and Retirement Study and China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study conducted from 2014 to 2015.ParticipantsOur final sample size totaled 8905 older adults in the USA and 4442 older adults in China.OutcomeThe response variable was self-rated health. Ordered logistic regression models were conducted to investigate factors influencing self-rated health among older adults.ResultsMore than three-fourths (78%) of older adults in China reported fair or poor health status, while almost 74% of older adults in the USA reported excellent, very good or good health status. In the overall ordered logistic regression model, when controlling statistically for sociodemographics, family structure, functional limitations, cognition, chronic conditions, mental health and health-related behaviours, the Chinese survey respondents were much more likely to rate their health as being poorer than the US respondents. The odds of having better versus poorer health was almost five times greater in American older adults than those in China (OR=4.88, 95% CI 4.06 to 5.86). Older adults in China living alone rated their health better than those living with spouse/partner; however, no significant difference was found between these two living arrangements in older Americans. In contrast, older adults in the USA living with others rated their health worse compared with those living with spouse/partner. In addition, older adults who had more activities of daily living limitations, poorer self-reported memory, worse mental health and chronic health conditions had lower self-rated health in both countries.ConclusionsWe found a striking difference in self-rated health between China and the USA even after controlling for measures of disease, functional status and other influencing factors. Relative to their American counterparts, Chinese elders were much more likely to report worse health.

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