Parameterized design and fabrication of porous bone scaffolds for the repair of cranial defects

One area of tissue engineering concerns research into alternatives for new bone formation and replacing its function. Scaffolds have been developed to meet this requirement, allowing cell migration, bone tissue growth, transport of growth factors and nutrients, and the improvement of the mechanical properties of bone. Scaffolds are made from different biomaterials and manufactured using several techniques that, in some cases, do not allow full control over the size and orientation of the pores characterizing the scaffold. A novel hypothesis that a reaction–diffusion (RD) system can be used for designing the geometrical specifications of the bone matrix is thus presented here. The hypothesis was evaluated by making simulations in two- and three-dimensional RD systems in conjunction with the biomaterial scaffold. The results showed the methodology's effectiveness in controlling features such as the percentage of porosity, size, orientation, and interconnectivity of pores in an injectable bone matrix produced by the proposed hypothesis.

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Printing bone in a gel: using nanocomposite bioink to print functionalised bone scaffolds

Materials Today Bio ◽

10.1016/j.mtbio.2019.100028 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 100028 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

G. Cidonio ◽

M. Cooke ◽

M. Glinka ◽

J.I. Dawson ◽

L. Grover ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Scaffolds

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Guided differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells on co-cultured cartilage and bone scaffolds

Soft Matter ◽

10.1039/c5sm01909e ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 11 (38) ◽

pp. 7648-7655 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Paul Lee ◽

Katelyn Tran ◽

Gan Zhou ◽

Asheesh Bedi ◽

Namdev B. Shelke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Stromal Cells ◽

Bone Marrow Stromal Cells ◽

Marrow Stromal Cells ◽

Bone Scaffolds ◽

Extracellular Matrix Components ◽

Matrix Components ◽

Osteochondral Tissue ◽

Tissue Material

A biphasic micro and nanostructured scaffold with hydroxyapatite and extracellular matrix components was created for the regeneration of osteochondral tissue. Material cues of the biphasic scaffold supported differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells in both osteogenic and chondrogenic lineages.

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Additive manufacturing of PLA-based scaffolds intended for bone regeneration and strategies to improve their biological properties

e-Polymers ◽

10.1515/epoly-2020-0046 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 571-599

Author(s):

Ricardo Donate ◽

Mario Monzón ◽

María Elena Alemán-Domínguez

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Tissue Engineering ◽

Additive Manufacturing ◽

Bone Regeneration ◽

Polylactic Acid ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Design Stage ◽

Bone Scaffolds ◽

Regeneration Of Bone

AbstractPolylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most commonly used materials in the biomedical sector because of its processability, mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Among the different techniques that are feasible to process this biomaterial, additive manufacturing (AM) has gained attention recently, as it provides the possibility of tuning the design of the structures. This flexibility in the design stage allows the customization of the parts in order to optimize their use in the tissue engineering field. In the recent years, the application of PLA for the manufacture of bone scaffolds has been especially relevant, since numerous studies have proven the potential of this biomaterial for bone regeneration. This review contains a description of the specific requirements in the regeneration of bone and how the state of the art have tried to address them with different strategies to develop PLA-based scaffolds by AM techniques and with improved biofunctionality.

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Piperazine-based polyurethane-ureas with controllable degradation as potential bone scaffolds

Polymer ◽

10.1016/j.polymer.2014.01.011 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 55 (4) ◽

pp. 1020-1027 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Changshun Ruan ◽

Nan Hu ◽

Yang Hu ◽

Lixin Jiang ◽

Qingqing Cai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Scaffolds ◽

Controllable Degradation

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Design of the Artificial Bone Scaffolds Based on the Multi-field Coupling Model

Procedia CIRP ◽

10.1016/j.procir.2016.10.025 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 56 ◽

pp. 95-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Xue Xing ◽

Yao Chen ◽

Xiu-Tian Yan ◽

Guo-yuan Zhang

Keyword(s):

Coupling Model ◽

Artificial Bone ◽

Field Coupling ◽

Bone Scaffolds

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A novel parameterized digital-mask generation method for projection stereolithography in tissue engineering

Rapid Prototyping Journal ◽

10.1108/rpj-06-2017-0110 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 935-944 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mingke Li ◽

Wangyu Liu

Keyword(s):

Computer Aided Design ◽

Boundary Region ◽

Additive Manufacture ◽

3D Scaffold ◽

Content Type ◽

Parameterized Design ◽

High Efficient ◽

Unit Cells ◽

Conventional Methods ◽

Projection Stereolithography

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present the novel parameterized digital-mask generation method which is aimed at enhancing bio-scaffold’s fabricating efficiency with digital micro-mirror device (DMD)-based systems.Design/methodology/approachA method to directly generate the digital masks of bio-scaffolds without modeling the entire 3D scaffold models is presented. In most of the conventional methods, it is inefficient to dynamically modify the size of the structural unit cells during design, because it relies more or less on commercial computer aided design (CAD) platforms. The method proposed in this paper can achieve high efficient parameterized design, and it is independent from any CAD platforms. The generated masks in binary bitmap format can be used by the DMD-based to achieve scaffold’s additive manufacture. In conventional methods, the Boolean operation of the external surface and the internal architectures would result in the damage of unit cells in boundary region. These damaged unit cells not only lose its original mechanical property but also cause numbers of gaps and isolated features that would reduce the geometric accuracy of the fabricated scaffolds; the proposed method in this paper provides an approach to tackle this defect.FindingsThe results show that the proposed method can improve the digital masks generation efficiency.Practical implicationsThe proposed method can serve as an effective supplement to the slicing method in additive manufacture. It also provides a way to design and fabricate scaffolds with heterogeneous architectures.Originality/valueThis paper gives supports to fabricate bio-scaffold with DMD-based systems.

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