Expanding the horizons of covalent organic frameworks to electrochemical sensors; A case study of CTF-FUM

2020 ◽  
Vol 300 ◽  
pp. 110146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yar ◽  
Khurshid Ayub
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Covalent Organic Frameworks

Covalent Organic Frameworks for Electrochemical Sensors: Recent Research and Future Prospects

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linyu Wang ◽  
Shasha Hong ◽  
Yuxi Yang ◽  
Yonghai Song ◽  
Li Wang
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Gas Adsorption ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Crystalline Polymer ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Covalent Organic Frameworks ◽  
Covalent Bonds

Background: In recent years, electrochemical sensors are widely preferred because of their high sensitivity, rapid response, low cost and easy miniaturization. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), a porous crystalline polymer formed by organic units connected by covalent bonds, have been widely used in gas adsorption and separation, drug transportation, energy storage, photoelectric catalysis, electrochemistry and other aspects due to their large specific surface, excellent stability, high inherent porosity, good crystallinity as well as structural and functional controllability. The topological structure of COFs can be designed in advance, the structural units and linkage are diversified, and the structure is easy to be functionalized, which are all beneficial to their application in electrochemical sensors. Methods: The types, synthesis methods, properties of covalent organic frameworks and some examples of using covalent organic frameworks in electrochemical sensors are reviewed. Results: Due to their characteristics of a large specific surface, high porosity, orderly channel and periodically arranged π electron cloud, COFs are often used to immobilize metal nanoparticles, aptamers or other materials to achieve the purpose of building electrochemical sensors with high sensitivity and good stability. Since the structure of COFs can be predicted, different organic units can build COFs with different structures and properties. Therefore, organic units with certain functional groups can be selected to build COFs with certain properties and used directly for electrochemical sensors. Conclusion: COFs have a good application prospect in electrochemical sensors.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Sensors Based on Covalent Organic Frameworks: A Critical Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidi Chen ◽  
Baiqing Yuan ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
Daojun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Electrochemical Sensing ◽  
Covalent Organic Frameworks ◽  
Light Elements ◽  
Covalent Bonds ◽  
Crystalline Polymers ◽  
Sensor Field ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Key Issues

The metal-free cousins of metal-organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks (COFs), are a class of pre-designable crystalline polymers composed of light elements and connected by strong covalent bonds. COFs are being given more and more attention in the electrochemical sensor field due to their fascinating properties, such as highly tunable porosity, intrinsic chemical and thermal stability, structural diversity, large specific surface area, and unique adsorption characteristics. However, there are still some key issues regarding COFs that need to be urgently resolved before they can be effectively applied in electrochemical sensing. In this review, we summarized recent achievements in developing novel electrochemical sensors based on COFs, and discussed the key fundamental and challenging issues that need to be addressed, including the mechanisms underlying charge transport, methods to improve electrical conductivity, immobilization methods on different substrates, synthesis strategies for nanoscale COFs, and the application of COFs in different fields. Finally, the challenges and outlooks in this promising field are tentatively proposed.

Reactive tracers reveal hydraulic and control instabilities in full-scale activated sludge plant

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 1001-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Braun ◽  
W. Gujer
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Oxygen Sensor ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Aeration Tank ◽  
Control Loop ◽  
Reactive Tracers ◽  
And Control ◽  
Present Case Study ◽  
Aeration Control

The hydraulic characteristics of aeration tanks in WWTPs have a major impact on the degradation of pollutants, as well as on the control of the aeration. In particular in long reactors, which are not separated by baffles, hydraulic shortcuts or large scale recirculation can lead to a loss of performance. This work demonstrates that reactive tracers such as ammonium and oxygen can be used to investigate the hydraulics of aeration tanks in detail. With the use of electrochemical sensors it is possible to investigate effects in a broad range of time scales. In the present case study a slow oscillation of the aeration control loop was investigated. Large scale recirculation in the aeration tank and fast fluctuations of the ammonium concentrations close to the oxygen sensor were identified as the cause of these oscillations. Both, the recirculation as well as the fluctuation of the ammonium have a substantial influence on the performance of the aeration tank and the aeration control loop.

Effect of Doping on TiO2 Nanotubes Based Electrochemical Sensors: Glucose Sensing as a Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 185-193
Author(s):  
Sarda Sharma ◽  
Sankalp Koduvayur Ganeshan ◽  
Souvik Kundu ◽  
Karumbaiah N. Chappanda
Keyword(s):  
Tio2 Nanotubes ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Glucose Sensing ◽  
Effect Of Doping

H2O2 Ratiometric Electrochemical Sensors Based on Nanospheres Derived from Ferrocence-Modified Covalent Organic Frameworks

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 555-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huihui Liang ◽  
Mengli Xu ◽  
Yongmei Zhu ◽  
Linyu Wang ◽  
Yi Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Covalent Organic Frameworks

scholarly journals Covalent organic frameworks as micro-reactors: confinement-enhanced electrochemiluminescence

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 5410-5414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Jia Zeng ◽  
Kun Wang ◽  
Wen-Bin Liang ◽  
Ya-Qin Chai ◽  
Ruo Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Covalent Organic Frameworks ◽  
Micro Reactors ◽  
Extreme Stability

The electrochemiluminescence (ECL) micro-reactors with enhanced intensity and extreme stability were firstly established, unravelling the mechanism of ECL micro-reactors using COF-LZU1 assembled Ru(bpy)32+ as a case study.

A Case Study on the Influence of Substitutes on Interlayer Stacking of 2D Covalent Organic Frameworks

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (24) ◽  
pp. 5668-5672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Fan ◽  
Qiang Wen ◽  
Tian-Guang Zhan ◽  
Qiao-Yan Qi ◽  
Jia-Qiang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Covalent Organic Frameworks

The Genesis and Internal Dynamics of El Salvador's People's Revolutionary Army, 1970–1976

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (01) ◽  
pp. 102-129
Author(s):  
ALBERTO MARTÍN ÁLVAREZ ◽  
EUDALD CORTINA ORERO
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Internal Coherence ◽  
The 1960S

AbstractUsing interviews with former militants and previously unpublished documents, this article traces the genesis and internal dynamics of the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (People's Revolutionary Army, ERP) in El Salvador during the early years of its existence (1970–6). This period was marked by the inability of the ERP to maintain internal coherence or any consensus on revolutionary strategy, which led to a series of splits and internal fights over control of the organisation. The evidence marshalled in this case study sheds new light on the origins of the armed Salvadorean Left and thus contributes to a wider understanding of the processes of formation and internal dynamics of armed left-wing groups that emerged from the 1960s onwards in Latin America.

Culture and the plasticity of perception

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lifshitz ◽  
T. M. Luhrmann
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Sensory Experience ◽  
Cultural Learning ◽  
The World

Abstract Culture shapes our basic sensory experience of the world. This is particularly striking in the study of religion and psychosis, where we and others have shown that cultural context determines both the structure and content of hallucination-like events. The cultural shaping of hallucinations may provide a rich case-study for linking cultural learning with emerging prediction-based models of perception.

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